Table 1Correlation coefficients of insulin sensitivity, secretion indices, and glucose levels
OGTT |
FSIVGTT |
P value |
|
Insulin sensitivity index (SI) |
|
HOMA-IR |
−0.300 |
0.019 |
Matsuda index |
0.391 |
<0.001 |
Fasting glucose |
−0.081 |
0.361 |
2-hr glucose |
−0.038 |
0.670 |
|
Acute insulin response (AIRg) |
|
IGI30 |
0.566 |
<0.001 |
HOMA-β |
0.242 |
0.054 |
Fasting glucose |
−0.240 |
0.006 |
2-hr glucose |
−0.326 |
<0.001 |
|
SI×AIRg |
|
Matsuda index×IGI30 |
0.520 |
<0.001 |
Fasting glucose |
−0.331 |
<0.001 |
2-hr glucose |
−0.397 |
<0.001 |
Table 2Clinical characteristics and biochemical parameters at the baseline examination according to presence of diabetes
Characteristic |
Diabetes (n=34) |
Nondiabetes (n=108) |
P value |
Follow-up duration, yra
|
5.0±1.6 |
5.3±1.7 |
0.335 |
Age, yr |
32.8±3.9 |
33.5±3.7 |
0.353 |
Height, cm |
156.9±4.4 |
158.1±4.9 |
0.207 |
BMI, kg/m2
|
22.5±3.0 |
22.5±2.9 |
0.881 |
Prepregnancy BMI, kg/m2
|
22.8±2.6 |
22.1±2.6 |
0.187 |
BMI at last follow-up, kg/m2
|
22.9±2.8 |
22.7±3.0 |
0.802 |
Postpartum weight change, kgb
|
2.4±11.4 |
0.3±4.1 |
0.289 |
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg |
111±8 |
112±13 |
0.690 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg |
71±8 |
72±8 |
0.498 |
Family history of diabetes, % |
50 |
41 |
0.342 |
Insulin treatment during |
9 |
5 |
0.355 |
Fasting glucose, mg/dL |
102.4±13.0 |
92.1±11.1 |
<0.001 |
2-hr glucose, mg/dL |
144.8±31.4 |
125.1±27.3 |
0.001 |
IFG and/or IGT, % |
68 |
30 |
<0.001 |
Fasting insulin, mU/mL |
11.0±6.9 |
10.8±4.8 |
0.612 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL |
178±35 |
180±27 |
0.662 |
Triglyceride, mg/dL |
125±83 |
115±73 |
0.525 |
HDL-C, mg/dL |
48±13 |
52±19 |
0.330 |
HOMA-IR |
2.9±1.3 |
2.6±1.1 |
0.506 |
Matsuda index |
4.46±2.23 |
4.66±2.22 |
0.742 |
Insulin sensitivity index, min/μU/mL×10–4
|
4.87±2.56 |
5.41±2.60 |
0.328 |
HOMA-β, % |
96±49 |
123±62 |
0.099 |
IGI30, μU/mL/mg/dL |
0.44±0.24 |
0.67±0.42 |
0.033 |
AIRg, μU/mL×min |
160.7±143.7 |
302.9±193.4 |
<0.001 |
Disposition index (FSIVGTT) |
639±526 |
1,498±1,221 |
0.001 |
Disposition index (OGTT) |
1.78±1.24 |
2.83±1.86 |
0.012 |
Table 3Odds ratio of diabetes in relation to postpartum metabolic and clinical variables according to multivariate logistic regression analysis
|
Model 1 |
Model 2 |
Model 3 |
OR (95% CI) |
P value |
OR (95% CI) |
P value |
OR (95% CI) |
P value |
Clinical risk factors |
|
|
|
|
|
|
BMI at 2 months postpartum |
1.07 (0.89–1.28) |
0.49 |
1.06 (0.88–1.28) |
0.53 |
1.02 (0.83–1.25) |
0.88 |
Postpartum weight change |
1.12 (0.83–1.51) |
0.47 |
1.15 (0.85–1.55) |
0.36 |
1.15 (0.82–1.60) |
0.42 |
Metabolic factors obtained from OGTT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fasting glucose |
1.00 (0.95–1.06) |
0.89 |
1.00 (0.95–1.06) |
0.87 |
0.98 (0.92–1.04) |
0.47 |
2-hr glucose |
1.03 (1.01–1.05) |
0.01 |
1.03 (1.01–1.05) |
0.01 |
1.02 (1.00–1.04) |
0.09 |
IGI30 |
0.84 (0.49–1.46) |
0.54 |
|
|
|
|
Disposition index (OGTT) |
|
|
0.98 (0.88–1.14) |
0.86 |
0.91 (0.64–1.28) |
0.90 |
Metabolic factors obtained from FSIVGTT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Disposition index (FSIVGTT) |
|
|
|
|
0.98 (0.97–1.00) |
0.01 |