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Original Articles
- Guideline/Statement/Fact Sheet
- Older Adults with Diabetes in Korea: Latest Clinical and Epidemiologic Trends
- Kyuho Kim, Bongseong Kim, Kyuna Lee, Yu-Bae Ahn, Seung-Hyun Ko, Sung Hee Choi, Kyungdo Han, Jae-Seung Yun, on Behalf of the Committee of Public Relation of the Korean Diabetes Association
- Diabetes Metab J. 2025;49(2):183-193. Published online March 1, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0836
- 1,767 View
- 202 Download
-
Abstract
PDF
Supplementary Material
PubReader 
ePub - Background
Diabetes in older adults is becoming a significant public burden to South Korea. However, a comprehensive understanding of epidemiologic trends and the detailed clinical characteristics of older adults with diabetes is lacking. Therefore, we evaluated epidemiologic trends and the metabolic and lifestyle characteristics of diabetes in Korean older adults.
Methods
We analyzed data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to assess diabetes prevalence according to diabetes duration and lifestyle behaviors. In addition, we drew upon the National Health Information Database of the National Health Insurance System to assess physical activity levels, antidiabetic medication use, polypharmacy, medication adherence, and major comorbidities.
Results
The absolute number of newly diagnosed cases of diabetes among older adults doubled over the past decade. Management rates of metabolic indicators were higher in older adults with diabetes compared to those without diabetes. The proportion of older adults with diabetes meeting the minimum recommended physical activity increased over the years. Compared to 10 years before, the use of dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor or sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor had increased, as had comorbidities such as dyslipidemia, dementia, cancer, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, and chronic kidney disease. Initial medication adherence was significantly lower in those with end-stage kidney disease or dementia, insulin use, high-risk alcohol use, and living alone. Continuing insulin use 1 year after diagnosis of diabetes was significantly higher in those who initiated insulin therapy at diagnosis, had retinopathy, were on triple antidiabetic medications, and had a history of cancer.
Conclusion
Comprehensive management of metabolic indicators and physical activity is essential for older adults with diabetes. Improvements in prescribing guidelines, personalized management of age-related comorbidities, and individualized approaches that consider the heterogeneous nature of older adults with diabetes are desirable. Further research, such as high-quality cohort and intervention studies specific to older adults, is needed to establish evidence-based management for older adults with diabetes.
- Guideline/Statement/Fact Sheet
- Prevalence, Incidence, and Metabolic Characteristics of Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in South Korea (2010–2020)
- Ji Yoon Kim, Jiyoon Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Se Eun Park, Seung-Hyun Ko, Sung Hee Choi, Nam Hoon Kim
- Diabetes Metab J. 2025;49(2):172-182. Published online March 1, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0826
- 1,643 View
- 215 Download
-
Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
- Background
This study aimed to examine trends in the prevalence, incidence, metabolic characteristics, and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among young adults in South Korea.
Methods
Young adults with T2DM were defined as individuals aged 19 to 39 years who met the diagnostic criteria for T2DM. Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Customized Database (2010–2020, n=225,497–372,726) were analyzed to evaluate trends in T2DM prevalence, incidence, metabolic profiles, comorbidities, and antidiabetic drug prescription. Additional analyses were performed using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
Results
The prevalence of T2DM in young adults significantly increased from 1.02% in 2010 to 2.02% in 2020 (P<0.001), corresponding to 372,726 patients in 2020. Over the same period, the incidence rate remained stable within the range of 0.36% to 0.45%. Prediabetes prevalence steadily increased from 15.53% to 20.92%, affecting 3.87 million individuals in 2020. The proportion of young adults with T2DM who were obese also increased, with 67.8% having a body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m² and 31.6% having a BMI ≥30 kg/m² in 2020. The prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and fatty liver disease also increased, reaching 34.2%, 79.8%, and 78.9%, respectively, in 2020. Although the overall pharmacological treatment rate remained low, the prescription of antidiabetic medications with weight-reducing properties increased over the study period.
Conclusion
The prevalence of T2DM among young adults in South Korea nearly doubled over the past decade. The strong association with obesity and metabolic comorbidities emphasizes the urgent need for targeted prevention and management strategies tailored to this population.
- Guideline/Statement/Fact Sheet
- Diabetes Fact Sheets in Korea 2024
- Se Eun Park, Seung-Hyun Ko, Ji Yoon Kim, Kyuho Kim, Joon Ho Moon, Nam Hoon Kim, Kyung Do Han, Sung Hee Choi, Bong Soo Cha
- Diabetes Metab J. 2025;49(1):24-33. Published online January 1, 2025
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0818
- 5,765 View
- 470 Download
- 4 Web of Science
- 7 Crossref
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
- Background
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, management, and comorbidities of diabetes mellitus among Korean adults.
Methods
Data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2019–2022) were analyzed to assess the prevalence, treatment, risk factors, and comorbidities of diabetes. Comparisons between young and older adults with diabetes were emphasized.
Results
Among Korean adults aged ≥30 years, the prevalence of diabetes is 15.5% during 2021–2022. Of these, 74.7% were aware of their condition, 70.9% received antidiabetic treatment, and only 32.4% achieved glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <6.5%. Moreover, 15.9% met the integrated management targets, which included HbA1c <6.5%, blood pressure <140/85 mm Hg, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <100 mg/dL. In young adults aged 19 to 39 years, the prevalence of diabetes was 2.2%. Among them, 43.3% were aware of their condition, 34.6% received treatment, and 29.6% achieved HbA1c <6.5%. Obesity affected 87.1%, and 26.9% had both hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. Among adults aged ≥65 years, the prevalence of diabetes was 29.3%, with awareness, treatment, and control rates of 78.8%, 75.7%, and 31.2%, respectively. Integrated management targets (HbA1c <7.5%, hypertension, and lipids) were achieved by 40.1%.
Conclusion
Diabetes mellitus remains highly prevalent among Korean adults, with significant gaps in integrated glycemic, blood pressure, and lipid control. Older adults with diabetes show higher awareness and treatment rates but limited integrated management outcomes. Young adults with diabetes bear a significant burden of obesity and comorbidities, alongside low awareness and treatment rates. Therefore, early intervention programs, education, and strategies tailored to younger populations are urgently required. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
- Diabetes in Korean Adults: Prevalence, Management, and Comorbidities
Sung Hoon Yu
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(1): 22. CrossRef - Effectiveness of adding glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist on diabetes complications and mortality among basal insulin-treated people with type 2 diabetes: A real-world Korean study
Kyoung Hwa Ha, Won Kim, Dong Han Kim, Dae Jung Kim
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2025; 39(5): 108983. CrossRef - A Machine Learning-Based Prediction Model for Diabetic Kidney Disease in Korean Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Kyung Ae Lee, Jong Seung Kim, Yu Ji Kim, In Sun Goak, Heung Yong Jin, Seungyong Park, Hyejin Kang, Tae Sun Park
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(6): 2065. CrossRef - Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists: What’s the Optimizing Policies for Obesity-Related Metabolic Diseases?
Tae Sun Park
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(2): 169. CrossRef - Older Adults with Diabetes in Korea: Latest Clinical and Epidemiologic Trends
Kyuho Kim, Bongseong Kim, Kyuna Lee, Yu-Bae Ahn, Seung-Hyun Ko, Sung Hee Choi, Kyungdo Han, Jae-Seung Yun
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(2): 183. CrossRef - How Do We Diagnose Diabetes in Primary Care?
Hyeong Jin Kim
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2025; 26(1): 10. CrossRef - Prevention and Management of Prediabetes
Jae Min Lee
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2025; 26(1): 18. CrossRef
- Diabetes in Korean Adults: Prevalence, Management, and Comorbidities
Review
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review and Position Statement of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association
- Jaehyun Bae, Eugene Han, Hye Won Lee, Cheol-Young Park, Choon Hee Chung, Dae Ho Lee, Eun-Hee Cho, Eun-Jung Rhee, Ji Hee Yu, Ji Hyun Park, Ji-Cheol Bae, Jung Hwan Park, Kyung Mook Choi, Kyung-Soo Kim, Mi Hae Seo, Minyoung Lee, Nan-Hee Kim, So Hun Kim, Won-Young Lee, Woo Je Lee, Yeon-Kyung Choi, Yong-ho Lee, You-Cheol Hwang, Young Sang Lyu, Byung-Wan Lee, Bong-Soo Cha, on Behalf of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association
- Diabetes Metab J. 2024;48(6):1015-1028. Published online November 1, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0541
- 3,484 View
- 314 Download
- 1 Crossref
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Abstract
PDFPubReader ePub
- Since the role of the liver in metabolic dysfunction, including type 2 diabetes mellitus, was demonstrated, studies on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) have shown associations between fatty liver disease and other metabolic diseases. Unlike the exclusionary diagnostic criteria of NAFLD, MAFLD diagnosis is based on the presence of metabolic dysregulation in fatty liver disease. Renaming NAFLD as MAFLD also introduced simpler diagnostic criteria. In 2023, a new nomenclature, steatotic liver disease (SLD), was proposed. Similar to MAFLD, SLD diagnosis is based on the presence of hepatic steatosis with at least one cardiometabolic dysfunction. SLD is categorized into metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), metabolic dysfunction and alcohol-related/-associated liver disease, alcoholrelated liver disease, specific etiology SLD, and cryptogenic SLD. The term MASLD has been adopted by a number of leading national and international societies due to its concise diagnostic criteria, exclusion of other concomitant liver diseases, and lack of stigmatizing terms. This article reviews the diagnostic criteria, clinical relevance, and differences among NAFLD, MAFLD, and MASLD from a diabetologist’s perspective and provides a rationale for adopting SLD/MASLD in the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Bioelectrical impedance analysis parameters are superior to liver enzymes in predicting metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in young adults
Kyungchul Song, Yu-Jin Kwon, Eunju Lee, Hye Sun Lee, Young Hoon Youn, Su Jung Baik, Hana Lee, Joon Young Kim, Youngha Choi, Hyun Wook Chae
Internal and Emergency Medicine.2025; 20(3): 785. CrossRef
- Bioelectrical impedance analysis parameters are superior to liver enzymes in predicting metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in young adults
Original Articles
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Management in Korea: Full Version Recommendation of the Korean Diabetes Association
- Jun Sung Moon, Shinae Kang, Jong Han Choi, Kyung Ae Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Suk Chon, Dae Jung Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Ji A Seo, Mee Kyoung Kim, Jeong Hyun Lim, Yoon Ju Song, Ye Seul Yang, Jae Hyeon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Junghyun Noh, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jong Suk Park, Sang Youl Rhee, Hae Jin Kim, Hyun Min Kim, Jung Hae Ko, Nam Hoon Kim, Chong Hwa Kim, Jeeyun Ahn, Tae Jung Oh, Soo-Kyung Kim, Jaehyun Kim, Eugene Han, Sang-Man Jin, Jaehyun Bae, Eonju Jeon, Ji Min Kim, Seon Mee Kang, Jung Hwan Park, Jae-Seung Yun, Bong-Soo Cha, Min Kyong Moon, Byung-Wan Lee
- Diabetes Metab J. 2024;48(4):546-708. Published online July 26, 2024
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0249
- 25,011 View
- 535 Download
- 8 Web of Science
- 10 Crossref
-
PDFPubReader ePub
-
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Pharmacological management of diabetes in older adults
Junghyun Noh
Cardiovascular Prevention and Pharmacotherapy.2025; 7(1): 13. CrossRef - Effects of e-health literacy on health-related quality of life in young adults with type 2 diabetes: Parallel mediation of diabetes self-efficacy and self-care behaviors
Yura Jang, Youngran Yang
Applied Nursing Research.2025; 82: 151917. CrossRef - Prevalence, Incidence, and Metabolic Characteristics of Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in South Korea (2010–2020)
Ji Yoon Kim, Jiyoon Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Se Eun Park, Seung-Hyun Ko, Sung Hee Choi, Nam Hoon Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(2): 172. CrossRef - Workplace‐based continuous glucose monitoring with structured education for pre‐diabetes and type 2 diabetes: A prospective community cohort study
Ji‐Hee Ko, Sun‐Joon Moon, Ramzi A. Ajjan, Mi Yeon Lee, Hae‐Jeong Lee, Boram Choi, JiYeon Park, Seung‐Eun Lee, Jae‐Hyeon Kang, Cheol‐Young Park
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Adherence to the nutritional recommendations according to diabetes status in Korean adults: a cross-sectional study
Jong Han Choi, Chen Lulu, Seon-Joo Park, Hae-Jeung Lee
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - 당뇨병 치료의 진화: 관해를 향해가는 혁신적 약물치료와 첨단 관리기기의 결합
종한 최, 민경 문
Public Health Weekly Report.2024; 17(44): 1905. CrossRef - The Impact of the Dietary Inflammatory Index, Fasting Blood Glucose, and Smoking Status on the Incidence and Survival of Pancreatic Cancer: A Retrospective Case–Control Study and a Prospective Study
Ga Hyun Lee, Yeon Hee Kim, Sang Myung Woo, Woo Jin Lee, Sung-Sik Han, Sang-Jae Park, Sherry Price, Penias Tembo, James R. Hébert, Mi Kyung Kim
Nutrients.2024; 16(22): 3941. CrossRef - Enhancing Large Language Model Reliability: Minimizing Hallucinations with Dual Retrieval-Augmented Generation Based on the Latest Diabetes Guidelines
Jaedong Lee, Hyosoung Cha, Yul Hwangbo, Wonjoong Cheon
Journal of Personalized Medicine.2024; 14(12): 1131. CrossRef - High-Intensity Interval Training and Diabetes
Yunjung Cho, Eun Sook Kim
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2024; 25(4): 224. CrossRef - SIGNIFICANCE OF URINARY AMINOPEPTIDASE N AND DIPEPTIDYL PEPTIDASE IV IN EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF KIDNEY DAMAGE IN CHILDREN WITH TYPE 1 DIABETES MELLITUS IN NORTH-EASTERN REGION OF UKRAINE
Iryna Vikhrova, Andrii Loboda, Igor Zmyslia
Eastern Ukrainian Medical Journal.2024; 12(4): 808. CrossRef
- Pharmacological management of diabetes in older adults
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet in South Korea, 2022
- Eun-Sun Jin, Jee-Seon Shim, Sung Eun Kim, Jae Hyun Bae, Shinae Kang, Jong Chul Won, Min-Jeong Shin, Heung Yong Jin, Jenny Moon, Hokyou Lee, Hyeon Chang Kim, In-Kyung Jeong, on Behalf of the Committee of Public Relation of the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis
- Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(5):632-642. Published online August 2, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2023.0135
- 12,729 View
- 507 Download
- 14 Web of Science
- 18 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
- Background
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and status of dyslipidemia management among South Korean adults, as performed by the Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis under the name Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet 2022.
Methods
We analyzed the lipid profiles, age-standardized and crude prevalence, management status of hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia, and health behaviors among Korean adults aged ≥20 years, using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data between 2007 and 2020.
Results
In South Korea, the crude prevalence of hypercholesterolemia (total cholesterol ≥240 mg/dL or use of a lipid-lowering drug) in 2020 was 24%, and the age-standardized prevalence of hypercholesterolemia more than doubled from 2007 to 2020. The crude treatment rate was 55.2%, and the control rate was 47.7%. The crude prevalence of dyslipidemia—more than one out of three conditions (low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ≥160 or the use of a lipid-lowering drug, triglycerides ≥200, or high-density lipoprotein cholesterol [HDL-C] [men and women] <40 mg/dL)—was 40.2% between 2016 and 2020. However, it increased to 48.2% when the definition of hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia in women changed from <40 to <50 mg/dL.
Conclusion
Although the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia and dyslipidemia has steadily increased in South Korea, the treatment rate remains low. Therefore, continuous efforts are needed to manage dyslipidemia through cooperation between the national healthcare system, patients, and healthcare providers. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Big Data Research for Diabetes-Related Diseases Using the Korean National Health Information Database
Kyung-Soo Kim, Bongseong Kim, Kyungdo Han
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(1): 13. CrossRef - Automated process assessment of primary healthcare for hyperlipidemia: preliminary findings and implications form Anhui, China
Ningjing Yang, Yuning Wang, Ying Li, Dongying Xiao, Ruirui Cui, Nana Li, Rong Liu, Jing Chai, Xingrong Shen, Debin Wang
Lipids in Health and Disease.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Persistently Active Helicobacter pylori Infection Is Associated with the Development of Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease
Jun Young Kim, Byung Soo Kwan, Jung Hwan Cho, Hye In Kim, Nak Gyeong Ko, Mihyeon Jin, Ok Jae Lee
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2025; 14(4): 1073. CrossRef - Older Adults with Diabetes in Korea: Latest Clinical and Epidemiologic Trends
Kyuho Kim, Bongseong Kim, Kyuna Lee, Yu-Bae Ahn, Seung-Hyun Ko, Sung Hee Choi, Kyungdo Han, Jae-Seung Yun
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(2): 183. CrossRef - Comparing non-alcoholic fatty liver disease indices in predicting the prevalence and incidence of metabolic syndrome in middle-aged adults
Byung Sik Kim, Hyun-Jin Kim, Seong Won Jeon, Kyung Hwan Kim, Dong Wook Kim, Jeong-Hun Shin
Heliyon.2025; 11(7): e43073. CrossRef - Current Status of Development of Oral Formulations Combining Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Statin Ingredients and Prospects for New Formulations
Ji-Hun Jang, Seung-Hyun Jeong
Journal of Pharmaceutical Innovation.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - A Scoring Model Using Multi-Metabolites Based on Untargeted Metabolomics for Assessing Dyslipidemia in Korean Individuals with Obesity
Su-Geun Yang, Hye Jin Yoo
Metabolites.2025; 15(4): 279. CrossRef - Addressing Cardiovascular Diseases Challenges in South Korea: Strategies to Improve Outcomes
Hyun-Jae Kang, JuMee Wang, Eun Joo Cho, Hack- Lyoung Kim, Chan Joo Lee, Jae Hyoung Park, Jeehoon Kang, Jon Suh, Ki Hong Choi, Seung-Yul Lee, Jong-Il Choi, Il-young Oh, Ungjeong Do, Seung Young Roh, Sang-Ho Jo, Jin Wi, Dae-Hwan Bae, Mi-Hyang Jung, Chan Seo
Korean Circulation Journal.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Oxidative Balance Score and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Adults without Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study-Health Examinees (KoGES-HEXA) Cohort
Mid-Eum Moon, Dong Hyuk Jung, Seok-Jae Heo, Byoungjin Park, Yong Jae Lee
Antioxidants.2024; 13(1): 107. CrossRef - Comparison of metabolic and neurological comorbidities in Asian patients with psoriasis and atopic dermatitis
Hee Joo Yang, Mi Young Lee, Jeong Hyeon Lee, Chang Jin Jung, Woo Jin Lee, Chong Hyun Won, Mi Woo Lee, Joon Min Jung, Sung Eun Chang
Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Effect of Adding Apolipoprotein B Testing on the Prevalence of Dyslipidemia and Risk of Cardiovascular Disease in the Korean Adult Population
Rihwa Choi, Sang Gon Lee, Eun Hee Lee
Metabolites.2024; 14(3): 169. CrossRef - Body Weight Variability and Risk of Suicide Mortality: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Jeongmin Lee, Jin-Hyung Jung, Dong Woo Kang, Min-Hee Kim, Dong-Jun Lim, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Jung Min Lee, Sang-Ah Chang, Kyungdo Han, Seung-Hwan Lee, Fuquan Zhang
Depression and Anxiety.2024; 2024: 1. CrossRef - Association of atherosclerosis indices, serum uric acid to high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and triglycerides‐glucose index with hypertension: A gender‐disaggregated analysis
Rana Kolahi Ahari, Toktam Sahranavard, Amin Mansoori, Zahra Fallahi, Negin Babaeepoor, Gordon Ferns, Majid Ghayour‐Mobarhan
The Journal of Clinical Hypertension.2024; 26(6): 645. CrossRef - A Machine Learning Approach to Identify of Dyslipidemia based on Body Composition Indices in Men
Mi Hong Yim, Sanghun Lee
The Journal of Korean Institute of Information Technology.2024; 22(6): 153. CrossRef - Association of aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity with chronic kidney disease in participants with hypertension
Yunmin Han, Younghwan Choi, Yeon Soo Kim
Clinical Hypertension.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Recent trends of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol control and lipid-lowering therapy in patients with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in Taiwan: 2015–2020
Tzu-Yang Chen, Yu-Chung Hsiao, Yen-Wen Wu, Tsung-Hsien Lin, Wayne Huey-Herng Sheu, Thung-Lip Lee, I-Chang Hsieh, Yi-Heng Li, Wei-Hsian Yin, Hung-I Yeh, Jaw-Wen Chen, Fang-Ju Lin, Chau-Chung Wu
Journal of the Formosan Medical Association.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Study Design and Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial to Assess Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of a Triple Combination of Ezetimibe, Fenofibrate, and Moderate-Intensity Statin in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Modifiable Cardiovascular Risk Factor
Nam Hoon Kim, Juneyoung Lee, Suk Chon, Jae Myung Yu, In-Kyung Jeong, Soo Lim, Won Jun Kim, Keeho Song, Ho Chan Cho, Hea Min Yu, Kyoung-Ah Kim, Sang Soo Kim, Soon Hee Lee, Chong Hwa Kim, Soo Heon Kwak, Yong‐ho Lee, Choon Hee Chung, Sihoon Lee, Heung Yong J
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(5): 722. CrossRef - Exploring Utilization and Establishing Reference Intervals for the Apolipoprotein B Test in the Korean Population
Rihwa Choi, Sang Gon Lee, Eun Hee Lee
Diagnostics.2023; 13(20): 3194. CrossRef
- Big Data Research for Diabetes-Related Diseases Using the Korean National Health Information Database
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Fatty Liver & Diabetes Statistics in Korea: Nationwide Data 2009 to 2017
- Eugene Han, Kyung-Do Han, Yong-ho Lee, Kyung-Soo Kim, Sangmo Hong, Jung Hwan Park, Cheol-Young Park, on Behalf of Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association
- Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(3):347-355. Published online March 29, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0444
- 6,718 View
- 270 Download
- 21 Web of Science
- 22 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
- Background
This study investigated the changes of fatty liver disease prevalence in general Korean population.
Methods
This study analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service from 2009 to 2017 that included individuals aged 20 years or older who had undergone a medical health examination. Fatty liver disease was assessed using the fatty liver index (FLI). The disease severity was defined by FLI cutoff, ≥30 as moderate, and ≥60 as severe fatty liver disease.
Results
The prevalence of Korean adults aged 20 years or over with fatty liver disease (FLI ≥60) increased from 13.3% in 2009 to 15.5% in 2017 (P for trend <0.001). The increase in fatty liver disease prevalence was prominent in men (from 20.5% to 24.2%) and the young age (20 to 39 years) group (from 12.8% to 16.4%) (P for interaction <0.001). The prevalence of fatty liver disease was the highest in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM, 29.6%) population compared to that of prediabetes or normoglycemia (10.0% and 21.8%) in 2017. The prevalence of fatty liver disease had statistically increased in individuals with T2DM and prediabetes (P for trend <0.001). Its prevalence increased more steeply in the young-aged population with T2DM, from 42.2% in 2009 to 60.1% in 2017. When applying a lower FLI cutoff (≥30) similar results were observed.
Conclusion
The prevalence of fatty liver disease in the Korean population has increased. Individuals who are young, male, and have T2DM are vulnerable to fatty liver disease. -
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Liver Cancer Risk Across Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and/or Alcohol: A Nationwide Study
Byungyoon Yun, Heejoo Park, Sang Hoon Ahn, Juyeon Oh, Beom Kyung Kim, Jin-Ha Yoon
American Journal of Gastroenterology.2025; 120(2): 410. CrossRef - Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality
Rosa Oh, Seohyun Kim, So Hyun Cho, Jiyoon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Gyuri Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(1): 80. CrossRef - Big Data Research for Diabetes-Related Diseases Using the Korean National Health Information Database
Kyung-Soo Kim, Bongseong Kim, Kyungdo Han
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(1): 13. CrossRef - Prevalence, Incidence, and Metabolic Characteristics of Young Adults with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in South Korea (2010–2020)
Ji Yoon Kim, Jiyoon Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Se Eun Park, Seung-Hyun Ko, Sung Hee Choi, Nam Hoon Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2025; 49(2): 172. CrossRef - Impact of steatotic liver disease categories on atrial fibrillation in type 2 diabetes: a nationwide study
So Hyun Cho, Gyuri Kim, Kyu-na Lee, Rosa Oh, Ji Yoon Kim, Myunghwa Jang, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Kyungdo Han, Jae Hyeon Kim
Scientific Reports.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Increased Risk of Early-Onset Endometrial Cancer in Women Aged 20–39 Years with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Nationwide Cohort Study
Joo-Hyun Park, Jung Yong Hong, Kyungdo Han, Wonseok Kang, Jay J. Shen
Cancers.2025; 17(8): 1322. CrossRef - Longitudinal changes in fatty liver index are associated with risk of hepatocellular carcinoma: A nationwide cohort study in Korea
Min Gu Kang, Chang Hun Lee, Chen Shen, Jong Seung Kim, Ji Hyun Park
Journal of Hepatology.2024; 80(5): e216. CrossRef - Repeated detection of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease increases the incidence risk of type 2 diabetes in young adults
Jin Hwa Kim, Young Sang Lyu, Mee Kyoung Kim, Sang Yong Kim, Ki‐Hyun Baek, Ki‐Ho Song, Kyungdo Han, Hyuk‐Sang Kwon
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024; 26(1): 180. CrossRef - Mortality in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: A nationwide population-based cohort study
Eugene Han, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha, Sang Hoon Ahn, Yong-ho Lee, Seung Up Kim
Metabolism.2024; 152: 155789. CrossRef - Association of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease with cardiovascular disease and all cause death in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: nationwide population based study
Kyung-Soo Kim, Sangmo Hong, Kyungdo Han, Cheol-Young Park
BMJ.2024; : e076388. CrossRef - Hepatic Fibrosis and Cancer: The Silent Threats of Metabolic Syndrome
Scott L. Friedman
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(2): 161. CrossRef - Insulin Resistance, Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Clinical and Experimental Perspective
Inha Jung, Dae-Jeong Koo, Won-Young Lee
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(3): 327. CrossRef - Association between long working hours and metabolic dysfunction–associated steatotic liver disease: a nationwide population-based study in Korea
S.-U. Baek, J.-U. Won, Y.-M. Lee, J.-H. Yoon
Public Health.2024; 232: 188. CrossRef - Association between Dietary Quality and Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Korean Adults: A Nationwide, Population-Based Study Using the Korean Healthy Eating Index (2013–2021)
Seong-Uk Baek, Taeyeon Kim, Yu-Min Lee, Jong-Uk Won, Jin-Ha Yoon
Nutrients.2024; 16(10): 1516. CrossRef - Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease Is Associated with Increased Risk of Kidney Cancer: A Nationwide Study
Juyeon Oh, Beom Kyung Kim, Jin-Ha Yoon, Hyung Ho Lee, Heejoo Park, Jian Lee, Youngsun Park, Byungyoon Yun, Jinsoo Chung
Cancers.2024; 16(18): 3161. CrossRef - Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Review and Position Statement of the Fatty Liver Research Group of the Korean Diabetes Association
Jaehyun Bae, Eugene Han, Hye Won Lee, Cheol-Young Park, Choon Hee Chung, Dae Ho Lee, Eun-Hee Cho, Eun-Jung Rhee, Ji Hee Yu, Ji Hyun Park, Ji-Cheol Bae, Jung Hwan Park, Kyung Mook Choi, Kyung-Soo Kim, Mi Hae Seo, Minyoung Lee, Nan-Hee Kim, So Hun Kim, Won-
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(6): 1015. CrossRef - High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), Metabolic Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease (MetALD), and Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) with Metabolic Dysfunction
Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
Biomolecules.2024; 14(11): 1468. CrossRef - Cumulative Burden of Fatty Liver and Kidney Cancer in Young Men: A National Population-Based Study
Hee Yeon Lee, Kyung Do Han, Hyuk-Sang Kwon
Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 14(1): 148. CrossRef - Reply to G. Wang et al
Joo-Hyun Park, Jung Yong Hong, Kyungdo Han
Journal of Clinical Oncology.2023; 41(32): 5070. CrossRef - The Role of the Fatty Liver Index (FLI) in the Management of Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: A Systematic Review
Teodora Biciusca, Sorina Ionelia Stan, Mara Amalia Balteanu, Ramona Cioboata, Alice Elena Ghenea, Suzana Danoiu, Ana-Maria Bumbea, Viorel Biciusca
Diagnostics.2023; 13(21): 3316. CrossRef - Lean or Non-obese Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Patients: Are They Really Lean?
Eugene Han, Yong-ho Lee
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2023; 29(4): 980. CrossRef - Approach to Fatty Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Ji Cheol Bae
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2023; 24(3): 107. CrossRef
- Liver Cancer Risk Across Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and/or Alcohol: A Nationwide Study
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Insulin Fact Sheet in Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Trends of Antidiabetic Medication Use in Insulin Users with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: 2002 to 2019
- Jiyun Park, Gyuri Kim, Bong-Sung Kim, Kyung-Do Han, So Yoon Kwon, So Hee Park, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
- Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(2):211-219. Published online February 7, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0346
- 8,601 View
- 386 Download
- 11 Web of Science
- 12 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
- Background
This study investigated the trends of insulin use among Korean patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Changes in prescription of antidiabetic medications in T2DM patients taking insulin therapy were evaluated.
Methods
We analyzed data from the National Health Insurance Service database in Korea to evaluate the prevalence of insulin users and trends of insulin use in T1DM and T2DM patients from January 2002 to December 2019. We also investigated numbers and types of antidiabetic medications in insulin users with T2DM.
Results
The overall total number of insulin users increased from 2002 to 2019, reaching 348,254 for T2DM and 20,287 for T1DM in 2019 compared with 109,974 for T2DM and 34,972 for T1DM in 2002. The proportion of patients using basal analogs and short acting analogs have increased and those using human insulin, premixed insulin, or biphasic human insulin have decreased (rapid acting analogs: 71.85% and 24.12% in T1DM and T2DM, respectively, in 2019; basal analogs: 76.75% and 75.09% in T1DM and T2DM, respectively, in 2019). The use of other antidiabetic medication in addition to insulin increased for T2DM, especially in dual therapy, reaching up to 52.35% in 2019 compared with 16.72% in 2002.
Conclusion
The proportion of the patients using basal or rapid acting analogs increased among all insulin users in both T1DM and T2DM patients. Among patients with T2DM, the proportion of patients using antidiabetic medications in addition to insulin was significantly increased compared to those who used insulin alone. -
Citations
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Da Hye Lee, Hwa Young Kim, Ji Young Park, Jaehyun Kim, Jae Hyeon Park
JAMA Pediatrics.2025; 179(2): 155. CrossRef - Improved Glycemic Control in Insulin-Treated Individuals With Poorly Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Through Combined Structured Education With Real-Time Continuous Glucose Monitoring
Jee Hee Yoo, Ji Eun Jun, Soo Heon Kwak, Jae Hyeon Kim
Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - In vitro α–Glucosidase Inhibition, Cytotoxicity, SAR, Swiss ADME Prediction and Molecular Docking Study of New N–Substituted Hydantoin Derivatives
Ndivhuwo R. Tshiluka, Dakalo T. Mbedzi, Mpelegeng V. Bvumbi, Simon S. Mnyakeni‐Moleele
ChemistryOpen.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Real-World Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data from a Population with Type 1 Diabetes in South Korea: Nationwide Single-System Analysis
Ji Yoon Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Sarah B. Andrade, Boyang Chen, Jae Hyeon Kim
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics.2024; 26(6): 394. CrossRef - Continuous glucose monitoring for glycaemic control and cardiovascular risk reduction in patients with type 2 diabetes not on insulin therapy: A clinical trial
Joseph Reed, Tony Dong, Elke Eaton, Janice Friswold, Jodie Porges, Sadeer G. Al‐Kindi, Sanjay Rajagopalan, Ian J. Neeland
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024; 26(7): 2881. CrossRef - Gastrointestinal safety evaluation of semaglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus: A meta-analysis
Xiaoyan Huang, Miaohui Wu, Jiaojiao Lin, Lunpan Mou, Yaping Zhang, Jianjia Jiang
Medicine.2024; 103(21): e38236. CrossRef - Once-Weekly Insulin Icodec in Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Clinical Trials (ONWARDS Clinical Program)
Giuseppe Lisco, Anna De Tullio, Vincenzo De Geronimo, Vito Angelo Giagulli, Edoardo Guastamacchia, Giuseppina Piazzolla, Olga Eugenia Disoteo, Vincenzo Triggiani
Biomedicines.2024; 12(8): 1852. CrossRef - Changes in insulin utilization in China from 2020 to 2022
Chen Chen, Xingyu Liu, Jieqiong Zhang, Shuchen Hu, Jinwei Zhang, Xiaoyong Liu, Caijun Yang, Yu Fang
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024; 26(12): 5681. CrossRef - Changes in the Epidemiological Landscape of Diabetes in South Korea: Trends in Prevalence, Incidence, and Healthcare Expenditures
Kyoung Hwa Ha, Dae Jung Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(5): 669. CrossRef - Adherence to the nutritional recommendations according to diabetes status in Korean adults: a cross-sectional study
Jong Han Choi, Chen Lulu, Seon-Joo Park, Hae-Jeung Lee
BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Evaluation of pharmacokinetic interactions between lobeglitazone, empagliflozin, and metformin in healthy subjects
Heeyoung Kim, Choon Ok Kim, Hyeonsoo Park, Min Soo Park, Dasohm Kim, Taegon Hong, Yesong Shin, Byung Hak Jin
Translational and Clinical Pharmacology.2023; 31(1): 59. CrossRef - Smart Insulin Pen: Managing Insulin Therapy for People with Diabetes in the Digital Era
Jee Hee Yoo, Jae Hyeon Kim
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2023; 24(4): 190. CrossRef
- New-Onset Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Among Korean Youths During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Reviews
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Evaluation and Management of Patients with Diabetes and Heart Failure: A Korean Diabetes Association and Korean Society of Heart Failure Consensus Statement
- Kyu-Sun Lee, Junghyun Noh, Seong-Mi Park, Kyung Mook Choi, Seok-Min Kang, Kyu-Chang Won, Hyun-Jai Cho, Min Kyong Moon, The Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines, Korean Diabetes Association and Committee of Clinical Practice Guidelines, Korean Society of Heart Failure
- Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(1):10-26. Published online January 26, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0420
- 7,332 View
- 482 Download
- 11 Web of Science
- 7 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
- Diabetes mellitus is a major risk factor for the development of heart failure. Furthermore, the prognosis of heart failure is worse in patients with diabetes mellitus than in those without it. Therefore, early diagnosis and proper management of heart failure in patients with diabetes mellitus are important. This review discusses the current criteria for diagnosis and screening tools for heart failure and the currently recommended pharmacological therapies for heart failure. We also highlight the effects of anti-diabetic medications on heart failure.
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Yongin Cho, Sung-Hee Shin, Min-Ae Park, Young Ju Suh, Sojeong Park, Ji-Hun Jang, Dae-Young Kim, So Hun Kim, Xinlin Zhang
PLOS ONE.2025; 20(2): e0314454. CrossRef - A Multicenter, Randomized, Open‐Label Study to Compare the Effects of Gemigliptin Add‐on or Escalation of Metformin Dose on Glycemic Control and Safety in Patients with Inadequately Controlled Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Treated with Metformin and SGLT‐2 Inh
Hae Jin Kim, Jung Hyun Noh, Min Kyong Moon, Sung Hee Choi, Seung-Hyun Ko, Eun-Jung Rhee, Kyu Yeon Hur, In-Kyung Jeong, Mark Yorek
Journal of Diabetes Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Epicardial Adipose Tissue and Heart Failure, Friend or Foe?
Dong-Hyuk Cho, Seong-Mi Park
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(3): 373. CrossRef - Adiposity modifies the association between heart failure risk and glucose metabolic disorder in older individuals: a community-based prospective cohort study
Liming Hou, Xin Wang, Peilin Li, Hua Zhang, Yanli Yao, Zhendong Liu, Juan Wang, Weike Liu
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Fareeha Arshad, Koo Pey Ting, Siti Nurul Azian Zakaria, Noor Faizah Mohd-Naim, Ying Woan Soon, Minhaz Uddin Ahmed
Applied Materials Today.2024; 41: 102451. CrossRef - Comparison of the effects of gemigliptin versus glimepiride on cardiac function in patients with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled with metformin: The gemi‐heart study
Seung Min Chung, Jun Sung Moon, Jun Hwa Hong, In‐Chang Hwang, Soo Lim
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2023; 25(8): 2181. CrossRef - Optimization of guideline-directed medical treatment for heart failure patients with reduced ejection fraction
Minjung Bak, Jin-Oh Choi
The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2023; 38(5): 595. CrossRef
- The effect of SGLT2 inhibitor in patients with type 2 diabetes and atrial fibrillation
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Lipid Management in Korean People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Korean Diabetes Association and Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis Consensus Statement
- Ye Seul Yang, Hack-Lyoung Kim, Sang-Hyun Kim, Min Kyong Moon, on Behalf of Committee of Clinical Practice Guideline, Korean Diabetes Association and Clinical Practice Guideline Committee, Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis
- Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(1):1-9. Published online January 20, 2023
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0448
- 6,072 View
- 437 Download
- 7 Web of Science
- 13 Crossref
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Abstract
PDFPubReader ePub
- Dyslipidemia in patients with diabetes is an important treatment target as a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Although the primary treatment goal for dyslipidemia is to control low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), achieving this goal remains suboptimal according to recent studies. It is important to set the target goal for LDL-C control based on an accurate risk assessment for CVD. Here, we summarize the latest evidence on lipid management in patients with diabetes and present a consensus of the Korean Diabetes Association and Korean Society of Lipid and Atherosclerosis on the treatment goals of LDL-C according to the duration of diabetes, presence of CVD, target organ damage, or major cardiovascular risk factors. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and CVD, an LDL-C goal of <55 mg/dL and a reduction in LDL-C level by 50% or more from the baseline is recommended. For the primary prevention of CVD in patients with T2DM with a duration of diabetes ≥10 years, major cardiovascular risk factors, or target organ damage, an LDL-C goal of <70 mg/dL is recommended. In patients with T2DM with a duration of diabetes <10 years and no major cardiovascular risk factors, an LDL-C goal of <100 mg/dL is recommended.
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Patricia K. Nguyen, Dong Zhao, Tomonori Okamura, Hyeon Chang Kim, Nathan D. Wong, Eugene Yang
JACC: Asia.2025; 5(3): 333. CrossRef - Associations of omega-3 fatty acids vs. fenofibrate with adverse cardiovascular outcomes in people with metabolic syndrome: propensity matched cohort study
Nam Hoon Kim, Ji Yoon Kim, Jimi Choi, Sin Gon Kim
European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy.2024; 10(2): 118. CrossRef - Clinical Characteristics of Patients With Statin Discontinuation in Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
Kyung-Soo Kim, Sangmo Hong, Kyungdo Han, Cheol-Young Park
Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2024; 13(1): 41. CrossRef - Role of Fenofibrate Use in Dyslipidemia and Related Comorbidities in the Asian Population: A Narrative Review
Chaicharn Deerochanawong, Sin Gon Kim, Yu-Cheng Chang
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(2): 184. CrossRef - Fenofibrate’s impact on cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes: a nationwide propensity-score matched cohort study
Sangmo Hong, Kyung-Soo Kim, Kyungdo Han, Cheol-Young Park
Cardiovascular Diabetology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - The mediating effect of TyG and its derived indices in the association between OSAHS and atherosclerosis in patients with T2DM
Ling Ding, Xiaohong Jiang
Sleep and Breathing.2024; 28(6): 2469. CrossRef - Fenofibrate to prevent amputation and reduce vascular complications in patients with diabetes: FENO-PREVENT
Eu Jeong Ku, Bongseong Kim, Kyungdo Han, Seung-Hwan Lee, Hyuk-Sang Kwon
Cardiovascular Diabetology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet in South Korea, 2022
Eun-Sun Jin, Jee-Seon Shim, Sung Eun Kim, Jae Hyun Bae, Shinae Kang, Jong Chul Won, Min-Jeong Shin, Heung Yong Jin, Jenny Moon, Hokyou Lee, Hyeon Chang Kim, In-Kyung Jeong
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(5): 632. CrossRef - 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes
Min Kyong Moon
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2023; 24(3): 120. CrossRef - 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus of the Korean Diabetes Association
Jong Han Choi, Kyung Ae Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Suk Chon, Dae Jung Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Ji A Seo, Mee Kyoung Kim, Jeong Hyun Lim, YoonJu Song, Ye Seul Yang, Jae Hyeon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Junghyun Noh, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jong Suk Park, Sang Youl Rhee, Hae J
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(5): 575. CrossRef - Management of Dyslipidemia in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus
Kyung Ae Lee
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2023; 24(3): 111. CrossRef - 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes: Management of Cardiovascular Risk Factors
Ye Seul Yang
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2023; 24(3): 135. CrossRef - Dyslipidemia Fact Sheet in South Korea, 2022
Eun-Sun Jin, Jee-Seon Shim, Sung Eun Kim, Jae Hyun Bae, Shinae Kang, Jong Chul Won, Min-Jeong Shin, Heung Yong Jin, Jenny Moon, Hokyou Lee, Hyeon Chang Kim, In-Kyung Jeong
Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2023; 12(3): 237. CrossRef
- Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk Prediction Models in China, Japan, and Korea
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Screening for Prediabetes and Diabetes in Korean Nonpregnant Adults: A Position Statement of the Korean Diabetes Association, 2022
- Kyung Ae Lee, Dae Jung Kim, Kyungdo Han, Suk Chon, Min Kyong Moon, on Behalf of the Committee of Clinical Practice Guideline of Korean Diabetes Association
- Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(6):819-826. Published online November 24, 2022
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0364
- 7,031 View
- 309 Download
- 10 Web of Science
- 14 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDFPubReader ePub
- Diabetes screening serves to identify individuals at high-risk for diabetes who have not yet developed symptoms and to diagnose diabetes at an early stage. Globally, the prevalence of diabetes is rapidly increasing. Furthermore, obesity and/or abdominal obesity, which are major risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), are progressively increasing, particularly among young adults. Many patients with T2DM are asymptomatic and can accompany various complications at the time of diagnosis, as well as chronic complications develop as the duration of diabetes increases. Thus, proper screening and early diagnosis are essential for diabetes care. Based on reports on the changing epidemiology of diabetes and obesity in Korea, as well as growing evidence from new national cohort studies on diabetes screening, the Korean Diabetes Association has updated its clinical practice recommendations regarding T2DM screening. Diabetes screening is now recommended in adults aged ≥35 years regardless of the presence of risk factors, and in all adults (aged ≥19) with any of the risk factors. Abdominal obesity based on waist circumference (men ≥90 cm, women ≥85 cm) was added to the list of risk factors.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by- Graves’ Disease and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Korean Population-Based Study
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Thyroid®.2025; 35(1): 60. CrossRef - Workplace‐based continuous glucose monitoring with structured education for pre‐diabetes and type 2 diabetes: A prospective community cohort study
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Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2025;[Epub] CrossRef - Oxidative Balance Score and New-Onset Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Adults without Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study-Health Examinees (KoGES-HEXA) Cohort
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Antioxidants.2024; 13(1): 107. CrossRef - Efficacy and Safety of Once-Weekly Semaglutide Versus Once-Daily Sitagliptin as Metformin Add-on in a Korean Population with Type 2 Diabetes
Byung-Wan Lee, Young Min Cho, Sin Gon Kim, Seung-Hyun Ko, Soo Lim, Amine Dahaoui, Jin Sook Jeong, Hyo Jin Lim, Jae Myung Yu
Diabetes Therapy.2024; 15(2): 547. CrossRef - Triglyceride-glucose index predicts type 2 diabetes mellitus more effectively than oral glucose tolerance test-derived insulin sensitivity and secretion markers
Min Jin Lee, Ji Hyun Bae, Ah Reum Khang, Dongwon Yi, Mi Sook Yun, Yang Ho Kang
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2024; 210: 111640. CrossRef - Association of sleep fragmentation with general and abdominal obesity: a population-based longitudinal study
Yu-xiang Xu, Shan-shan Wang, Yu-hui Wan, Pu-yu Su, Fang-biao Tao, Ying Sun
International Journal of Obesity.2024; 48(9): 1258. CrossRef - Oxidative balance score as a useful predictive marker for new-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korean adults aged 60 years or older: The Korean Genome and Epidemiologic Study–Health Examination (KoGES-HEXA) cohort
Mid-Eum Moon, Dong Hyuk Jung, Seok-Jae Heo, Byoungjin Park, Yong Jae Lee
Experimental Gerontology.2024; 193: 112475. CrossRef - The optimal dose of metformin to control conversion to diabetes in patients with prediabetes: A meta-analysis
Xiaoyan Yi, Yongliang Pan, Huan Peng, Mengru Ren, Qin Jia, Bing Wang
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2024; 38(10): 108846. CrossRef - Changes in the Epidemiological Landscape of Diabetes in South Korea: Trends in Prevalence, Incidence, and Healthcare Expenditures
Kyoung Hwa Ha, Dae Jung Kim
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(5): 669. CrossRef - Development and validation of machine learning models to predict prediabetes using dietary intake data in young adults in Korea: a cross-sectional study
Myoung-Lyun Heo
Journal of Korean Biological Nursing Science.2024; 26(4): 300. CrossRef - Cumulative muscle strength and risk of diabetes: A prospective cohort study with mediation analysis
Shanhu Qiu, Xue Cai, Yan Liang, Wenji Chen, Duolao Wang, Zilin Sun, Bo Xie, Tongzhi Wu
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2023; 197: 110562. CrossRef - Revisiting the Diabetes Crisis in Korea: Call for Urgent Action
Jun Sung Moon
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2023; 24(1): 1. CrossRef - 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes Mellitus of the Korean Diabetes Association
Jong Han Choi, Kyung Ae Lee, Joon Ho Moon, Suk Chon, Dae Jung Kim, Hyun Jin Kim, Nan Hee Kim, Ji A Seo, Mee Kyoung Kim, Jeong Hyun Lim, YoonJu Song, Ye Seul Yang, Jae Hyeon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Junghyun Noh, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jong Suk Park, Sang Youl Rhee, Hae J
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(5): 575. CrossRef - 2023 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Diabetes
Min Kyong Moon
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2023; 24(3): 120. CrossRef
- Graves’ Disease and the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Korean Population-Based Study
Original Articles
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Diabetes Fact Sheet in Korea 2021
- Jae Hyun Bae, Kyung-Do Han, Seung-Hyun Ko, Ye Seul Yang, Jong Han Choi, Kyung Mook Choi, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Kyu Chang Won, on Behalf of the Committee of Media-Public Relation of the Korean Diabetes Association
- Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(3):417-426. Published online May 25, 2022
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0106
- 24,702 View
- 2,028 Download
- 156 Web of Science
- 179 Crossref
-
Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
- Background
This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and management of diabetes mellitus, risk-factor control, and comorbidities among Korean adults.
Methods
We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to assess the prevalence, treatment, risk factors, comorbidities, and self-management behaviors of diabetes mellitus from 2019 to 2020. We also analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service to evaluate the use of antidiabetic medications in people with diabetes mellitus from 2002 through 2018.
Results
Among Korean adults aged 30 years or older, the estimated prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 16.7% in 2020. From 2019 through 2020, 65.8% of adults with diabetes mellitus were aware of the disease and treated with antidiabetic medications. The percentage of adults with diabetes mellitus who achieved glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) <6.5% was 24.5% despite the increased use of new antidiabetic medications. We found that adults with diabetes mellitus who achieved all three goals of HbA1c <6.5%, blood pressure (BP) <140/85 mm Hg, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol <100 mg/dL were 9.7%. The percentage of self-management behaviors was lower in men than women. Excess energy intake was observed in 16.7% of adults with diabetes mellitus.
Conclusion
The prevalence of diabetes mellitus among Korean adults remained high. Only 9.7% of adults with diabetes mellitus achieved all glycemic, BP, and lipid controls from 2019 to 2020. Continuous evaluation of national diabetes statistics and a national effort to increase awareness of diabetes mellitus and improve comprehensive diabetes care are needed. -
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International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences.2025; 14(1): 74. CrossRef - Identification of Novel Genetic Variants and Food Intake Factors Associated with Type 2 Diabetes in South Korean Adults, Using an Illness–Death Model
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American Journal of Preventive Medicine.2024; 66(4): 717. CrossRef - Widening disparities in the national prevalence of diabetes mellitus for people with disabilities in South Korea
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Journal of Personalized Medicine.2024; 14(3): 280. CrossRef - The clinical relevance of a polygenic risk score for type 2 diabetes mellitus in the Korean population
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Scandinavian Journal of Clinical and Laboratory Investigation.2024; 84(3): 168. CrossRef - The Potential Role of Presepsin in Predicting Severe Infection in Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers
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Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(2): 344. CrossRef - Impact of electronic cigarette use on the increased risk of diabetes: the Korean Community Health Survey
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(4): 518. CrossRef - Association of ABO genetic Polymorphisms and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Susceptibility in the Korean Population
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Biomedical Science Letters.2024; 30(2): 65. CrossRef - Impact of Education as a Social Determinant on the Risk of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Adults
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Healthcare.2024; 12(14): 1446. CrossRef - Trajectories of depressive symptoms in Korean adults with diabetes: Individual differences and associations with life satisfaction and mortality
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British Journal of Health Psychology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Enhancing Diabetes Care through a Mobile Application: A Randomized Clinical Trial on Integrating Physical and Mental Health among Disadvantaged Individuals
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(4): 790. CrossRef - Transcriptional regulation of multi-tissue mRNA expression by L-arabinose mitigates metabolic disorders in leptin receptor-deficient mice
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(4): 709. CrossRef - Holistic and Personalized Strategies for Managing in Elderly Type 2 Diabetes Patients
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(4): 531. CrossRef - Efficacy of Daily Walking as a Potential Predictor of Improved Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes in Korea
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(5): 929. CrossRef - Association of pre-diabetes with increased obesity and depression in older male and female: A secondary analysis of the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2020
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Journal of Korean Gerontological Nursing.2024; 26(3): 257. CrossRef - Financial Benefits of Renal Dose-Adjusted Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitors for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
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Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(4): 622. CrossRef - Enhancing Diabetes Prediction and Prevention through Mahalanobis Distance and Machine Learning Integration
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Applied Sciences.2024; 14(17): 7480. CrossRef - The role of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) in the management of the hypertensive patient with metabolic syndrome: a position paper from the Korean society of hypertension
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Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024; 26(11): 5065. CrossRef - The association between health literacy and screening for disease-specific complications among community-dwelling adults with diabetes
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Frontiers in Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Pioglitazone as Add-on Therapy in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Inadequately Controlled with Dapagliflozin and Metformin: Double-Blind, Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(5): 937. CrossRef - Efficacy and Safety of Alogliptin-Pioglitazone Combination for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Poorly Controlled with Metformin: A Multicenter, Double-Blind Randomized Trial
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(5): 915. CrossRef - Adherence to the nutritional recommendations according to diabetes status in Korean adults: a cross-sectional study
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BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Association between nut consumption and mortality risk: a 20-year cohort study in Korea with a stratified analysis by health-related variables
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Nutrition Journal.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Prediabetes persistence or remission and subsequent risk of gallbladder cancer: A nationwide cohort study
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European Journal of Cancer.2024; 213: 114312. CrossRef - National trends in type 2 diabetes mellitus stratified by central adiposity using waist-to-height ratio in South Korea, 2005–2022
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Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Association of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1) 2518 A/G Polymorphism with Obesity in Korean Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity.2024; Volume 17: 3917. CrossRef - Association between the duration of oral contraceptive use and the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES) 2007–2021
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Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion.2024; 41(3): 73. CrossRef - Insulin Resistance and Impaired Insulin Secretion Predict Incident Diabetes: A Statistical Matching Application to the Two Korean Nationwide, Population-Representative Cohorts
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Endocrinology and Metabolism.2024; 39(5): 711. CrossRef - Association of aerobic and muscle-strengthening physical activity with chronic kidney disease in participants with hypertension
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Clinical Hypertension.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Association of relative handgrip strength on the development of diabetes mellitus in elderly Koreans
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PLOS ONE.2024; 19(10): e0309558. CrossRef - Paradigm shift from glucocentric to organ protection for the management of hyperglycemia in patients with type 2 diabetes
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Public Health Weekly Report.2024; 17(44): 1905. CrossRef - Socioeconomic inequalities in the prevalence, non-awareness, non-treatment, and non-control of diabetes among South Korean adults in 2021
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PLOS ONE.2024; 19(11): e0313988. CrossRef - Association between alcohol consumption and risk of developing tuberculosis in patients with diabetes: a nationwide retrospective cohort study
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Respiratory Research.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Personal variation in patient-centered relevance Index based on individual characteristics and medical conditions among patients with diabetes Mellitus in Korea
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Chronic Illness.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Diagnosis and treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus
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Journal of the Korean Medical Association.2024; 67(11): 686. CrossRef - Cardiovascular Disease & Diabetes Statistics in Korea: Nationwide Data 2010 to 2019
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(6): 1084. CrossRef - Long‐Term Effects of an Automated Personalized Self‐Care Program for Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
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Nursing & Health Sciences.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Diagnostic ability of confocal scanning ophthalmoscope for the detection of concurrent retinal disease in eyes with asteroid hyalosis
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PLOS ONE.2024; 19(12): e0306091. CrossRef - Implications of prognostic nutritional index in predicting adverse outcomes of uncontrolled diabetic patients: a cohort study of the national health and nutrition examination survey from 2005 – 2018
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BMC Public Health.2024;[Epub] CrossRef - Adherence to ADA Clinical Guidelines in Type 2 Diabetes Management in Public Health Clinics in Palestine
Abdallah Abukhalil, Sana Muhanna, Misk Madi, Ni'meh Al-Shami, Hani Naseef, Abdullah Rabba
Patient Preference and Adherence.2024; Volume 18: 2667. CrossRef - Risk of Pancreatic Cancer and Use of Dipeptidyl Peptidase 4 Inhibitors in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: A Propensity Score-Matching Analysis
Mee Kyoung Kim, Kyungdo Han, Hyuk-Sang Kwon, Soon Jib Yoo
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(4): 426. CrossRef - Diabetes screening in South Korea: a new estimate of the number needed to screen to detect diabetes
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The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2023; 38(1): 93. CrossRef - Sex differences in the impact of diabetes mellitus on tuberculosis recurrence: a retrospective national cohort study
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-
In silico
exploration of the potential inhibitory activities of in-house and ZINC database lead compounds against alpha-glucosidase using structure-based virtual screening and molecular dynamics simulation approach
- Guideline/Fact Sheet
- Diabetes Fact Sheets in Korea, 2020: An Appraisal of Current Status
- Chan-Hee Jung, Jang Won Son, Shinae Kang, Won Jun Kim, Hun-Sung Kim, Hae Soon Kim, Mihae Seo, Hye-Jung Shin, Seong-Su Lee, Su Jin Jeong, Yongin Cho, Seung Jin Han, Hyang Mi Jang, Mira Rho, Shinbi Lee, Mihyun Koo, Been Yoo, Jung-Wha Moon, Hye Young Lee, Jae-Seung Yun, Sun Young Kim, Sung Rae Kim, In-Kyung Jeong, Ji-Oh Mok, Kun Ho Yoon
- Diabetes Metab J. 2021;45(1):1-10. Published online January 13, 2021
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0254
- 27,932 View
- 1,242 Download
- 156 Web of Science
- 186 Crossref
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
- Background
This study aimed to investigate the recent prevalence, management, and comorbidities of diabetes among Korean adults aged ≥30 years by analyzing nationally representative data.
Methods
This study used data from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2016 to 2018, and the percentage and total number of people ≥30 years of age with diabetes and impaired fasting glucose (IFG) were estimated.
Results
In 2018, 13.8% of Korean adults aged ≥30 years had diabetes, and adults aged ≥65 years showed a prevalence rate of 28%. The prevalence of IFG was 26.9% in adults aged ≥30 years. From 2016 to 2018, 35% of the subjects with diabetes were not aware of their condition. Regarding comorbidities, 53.2% and 61.3% were obese and hypertensive, respectively, and 72% had hypercholesterolemia as defined by low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ≥100 mg/dL in people with diabetes. Of the subjects with diabetes, 43.7% had both hypertension and hypercholesterolemia. With regard to glycemic control, only 28.3% reached the target level of <6.5%. Moreover, only 11.5% of subjects with diabetes met all three targets of glycosylated hemoglobin, blood pressure, and LDL-C. The percentage of energy intake from carbohydrates was higher in diabetes patients than in those without diabetes, while that from protein and fat was lower in subjects with diabetes.
Conclusion
The high prevalence and low control rate of diabetes and its comorbidities in Korean adults were confirmed. More stringent efforts are needed to improve the comprehensive management of diabetes to reduce diabetes-related morbidity and mortality. -
Citations
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Brief Reports
- Complications
- Trends in Cardiovascular Complications and Mortality among Patients with Diabetes in South Korea
- Jung Hwan Park, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Bo Yeon Kim, Jae Hyuk Lee, Dae Jung Kim
- Diabetes Metab J. 2021;45(1):120-124. Published online December 9, 2020
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0175
- Correction in: Diabetes Metab J 2021;45(2):283
- 14,249 View
- 402 Download
- 39 Web of Science
- 42 Crossref
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Graphical Abstract
Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub - We investigated the cardiovascular complications and mortality rates of patients with diabetes in South Korea. The rates of hospitalization due to cardiovascular complications and mortality were analyzed using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort. From 2006 to 2015, the rates of hospitalization due to major cardiovascular complications decreased, while those due to heart failure (from 72 to 146 and 124 to 161 per 10,000 men and women, respectively) and peripheral artery disease (from 39 to 55 and 19 to 35 per 10,000 men and women, respectively) increased. In the period 2007 to 2015, the mortality rates for cancer, cerebrovascular disease, diabetes, heart disease, and hypertensive disease all decreased. However, the mortality rate for pneumonia increased. We observed a continuous reduction in cardiovascular complications and mortality in adults with diabetes. However, with the increase in some diabetes complications, more efforts are needed to prevent diabetes complications.
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- Complications
- Status of Diabetic Neuropathy in Korea: A National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort Analysis (2006 to 2015)
- Seong-Su Moon, Chong Hwa Kim, Seon Mee Kang, Eun Sook Kim, Tae Jung Oh, Jae-Seung Yun, Ho Chan Cho, Dae Jung Kim, Tae Sun Park
- Diabetes Metab J. 2021;45(1):115-119. Published online December 18, 2020
- DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0120
- 9,190 View
- 331 Download
- 15 Web of Science
- 15 Crossref
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
- This report presents the status of diabetic neuropathy (DN) in Korea as determined using a National Health Insurance ServiceNational Sample Cohort (NHIS-NSC). Annual prevalences of DN were estimated by age and gender using descriptive statistics. Pharmacological treatments for DN were also analyzed. The annual prevalence of DN increased from 24.9% in 2006 to 26.6% in 2007, and thereafter, gradually subsided to 20.8% in 2015. In most cases, pharmacological treatments involved a single drug, which accounted for 91.6% of total prescriptions in 2015. The most commonly used drugs (in decreasing order) were thioctic acid, an anti-convulsive agent, or a tricyclic antidepressant. In conclusion, the prevalence of DN decreased over the 10-year study period. Thioctic acid monotherapy was usually prescribed for DN. To reduce the socio-economic burden of DN, more attention should be paid to the diagnosis of this condition and to the appropriate management of patients.
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between Lumbar Spinal Stenosis and Diabetes Mellitus
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Endocrine Practice.2024; 30(10): 901. CrossRef - Risk of cardiovascular events according to the tricyclic antidepressant dosage in patients with chronic pain: a retrospective cohort study
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European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.2023; 79(1): 159. CrossRef - How does diabetic peripheral neuropathy impact patients' burden of illness and the economy? A retrospective study in Beijing, China
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Frontiers in Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Chronic disease management program applied to type 2 diabetes patients and prevention of diabetic complications: a retrospective cohort study using nationwide data
Min Kyung Hyun, Jang Won Lee, Seung-Hyun Ko
BMC Public Health.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Pharmacological and Nonpharmacological Treatments for Painful Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(6): 743. CrossRef - Are herbal medicines alone or in combination for diabetic peripheral neuropathy more effective than methylcobalamin alone? A systematic review and meta-analysis
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Complementary Therapies in Clinical Practice.2022; 49: 101657. CrossRef - Pathogenesis and Treatment of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy
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The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2022; 23(4): 222. CrossRef - Status of Diabetic Neuropathy in Korea: A National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort Analysis (2006 to 2015) (Diabetes Metab J 2021;45:115-9)
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(3): 459. CrossRef - Status of Diabetic Neuropathy in Korea: A National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort Analysis (2006 to 2015) (Diabetes Metab J 2021;45:115-9)
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(3): 454. CrossRef - Time to Reach Target Glycosylated Hemoglobin Is Associated with Long-Term Durable Glycemic Control and Risk of Diabetic Complications in Patients with Newly Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A 6-Year Observational Study (Diabetes Metab J 2021;45:368-78)
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Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(4): 613. CrossRef - Diffculties and ways to overcome them in selection of therapy for pain syndromes in patients with diabetes mellitus
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Medical alphabet.2021; (22): 25. CrossRef
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