Fig. 1Concentric left ventricular hypertrophy by echocardiography. IVSd, inter-ventricular septum diameter; LVIDd, diastolic left ventricular internal diameter; LVPWd, left ventricular posterior wall diameter; IVSs, systolic inter-ventricular septum; LVIDs, systolic left ventricular internal diameter; LVPWs, systolic left vetricular posterior wall thickness; HR, heart rate; EF, ejection fraction; FS, fraction shortening.
Table 1Baseline characteristics of the study population
Characteristic |
Men with prediabetes (n=40) |
Women with prediabetes (n=40) |
Age, yr |
44.35±4.74 |
46.27±4.01 |
BMI, kg/m2
|
32.15±1.91 |
32.73±1.78 |
WC, cm |
96.25±3.80 |
96.52±2.51 |
SBP, mm Hg |
113.82±2.33 |
113.27±2.33 |
DBP, mm Hg |
76.27±1.66 |
73.75±1.70 |
FPG, mg/dL |
116.77±4.12 |
115.27±4.94 |
2-Hour PPG, mg/dL |
175.52±13.60 |
169.12±19.61 |
HbA1c, % |
6.02±0.20 |
5.98±0.15 |
Fasting insulin, µU/L |
26.5 (25.0–29.8) |
26.0 (25.0–28.0) |
HOMA-IR |
7.8 (7.3–8.6) |
7.4 (7.1–8.0) |
TC, mg/dL |
232.22±44.69 |
224.35±31.33 |
TG, mg/dL |
169.5 (151.3–180.0) |
155.5 (145.0–174.3) |
LDL-C, mg/dL |
178.85±15.73 |
173.85±15.25 |
HDL-C, mg /dL |
35.62±6.66 |
36.32±4.28 |
WBC count, ×109/L |
95.8±21.4 |
98.5±25.4 |
Prolactin, ng/mL |
5.57±1.46a
|
7.16±1.79 |
LVM, g/m2.7
|
50.52±10.99a
|
43.73±11.37 |
LVH |
18 (45.0)a
|
9 (22.5) |
Table 2Association between serum prolactin and left ventricular mass in men and women with prediabetes
Model |
Men with prediabetes |
Women with prediabetes |
B (95% CI) |
P value |
B (95% CI) |
P value |
Crude |
−3.71 (−5.86 to −1.56) |
0.001a
|
−0.17 (−2.27 to 1.93) |
0.800 |
Adjustedb
|
−2.46 (−4.51 to −0.41) |
0.020a
|
−0.77 (−2.74 to 1.20) |
0.400 |
Table 3Association between serum prolactin and left ventricular hypertrophy in men and women with prediabetes
Model |
Men with prediabetes |
Women with prediabetes |
OR (95% CI) |
P value |
OR (95% CI) |
P value |
Crude |
0.39 (0.20–0.75) |
0.005a
|
0.76 (0.49–1.19) |
0.200 |
Adjustedb
|
0.39 (0.18–0.84) |
0.010a
|
0.51 (0.24–1.09) |
0.080 |