1Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan.
2Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan.
3Department of Family Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Dou-Liou Branch, Douliu, Taiwan.
Copyright © 2016 Korean Diabetes Association
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Parameter | Kidney stone disease | P value | |
---|---|---|---|
Yes (n=1,193) | No (n=12,993) | ||
Male sex | 842 (70.6) | 7,454 (57.4) | <0.01 |
Age, yr | 50.9±11.8 | 47.9±12.5 | <0.01 |
Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.7±3.5 | 24.2±3.6 | <0.01 |
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 120.6±17.6 | 116.9±17.1 | <0.01 |
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 71.8±10.9 | 69.0±10.7 | <0.01 |
Hypertension | 162 (13.6) | 1,381 (10.6) | <0.01 |
Total cholesterol, mmol/L | 5.2±0.9 | 5.1±0.9 | <0.01 |
Triglyceride, mmol/L | 3.7±2.7 | 3.4±2.3 | <0.01 |
HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.2±0.3 | 1.3±0.4 | <0.01 |
High total/HDL-C ratio | 446 (37.4) | 4,508 (34.7) | 0.06 |
Uric acid, µmol/L | 376.2±98.7 | 354.5±90.9 | <0.01 |
Urine pH | 6.2±0.7 | 6.1±0.7 | 0.02 |
Fasting blood glucose, mmol/L | 5.4±1.4 | 5.2±1.5 | <0.01 |
2-Hour postload glucose, mmol/L | 7.1±3.3 | 6.8±3.0 | <0.01 |
Glycemic status | |||
NGT | 712 (59.7) | 8,909 (68.6) | <0.01 |
Isolated IFG | 78 (6.5) | 641 (4.9) | <0.01 |
Isolated IGT | 163 (13.7) | 1,592 (12.3) | <0.01 |
Combined IFG/IGT | 66 (5.5) | 482 (3.7) | <0.01 |
Diabetes mellitus | 174 (14.6) | 1,369 (10.5) | <0.01 |
Current smoking | 143 (12.0) | 1,412 (10.9) | 0.24 |
Current alcohol use | 132 (11.1) | 1,408 (10.8) | 0.81 |
Regular exercise | 91 (7.6) | 961 (7.4) | 0.77 |
Variable | Kidney stone disease | |
---|---|---|
OR (95% CI) | P value | |
Male sex | 1.66 (1.44-1.91) | <0.01 |
Age, yr | ||
41-64 vs. ≤40 | 1.62 (1.38-1.91) | <0.01 |
≥65 vs. ≤40 | 1.89 (1.49-2.38) | <0.01 |
Obesity, yes vs. no | 1.16 (0.99-1.34) | 0.05 |
Hypertension, yes vs. no | 1.00 (0.83-1.21) | 0.99 |
Hyperuricemia, yes vs. no | 1.22 (1.06-1.39) | <0.01 |
High cholesterol/HDL-C index, yes vs. no | 0.96 (0.84-1.11) | 0.59 |
Hypertriglyceridemia, yes vs. no | 1.04 (0.89-1.21) | 0.61 |
Urine pH | ||
<5.5 vs. 5.5-6.6 | 0.84 (0.65-1.08) | 0.17 |
≥6.7 vs. 5.5-6.6 | 1.12 (0.96-1.29) | 0.15 |
Glycemic status | ||
Isolated IGT vs. NGT | 1.14 (0.95-1.37) | 0.16 |
Isolated IFG vs. NGT | 1.32 (1.02-1.69) | 0.03 |
Combined IFG/IGT vs. NGT | 1.39 (1.06-1.83) | 0.02 |
Diabetes mellitus vs. NGT | 1.31 (1.08-1.58) | 0.005 |
Current smoking, yes vs. no | 1.03 (0.85-1.26) | 0.74 |
Current alcohol use, yes vs. no | 0.86 (0.70-1.05) | 0.14 |
Regular exercise, yes vs. no | 0.99 (0.80-1.25) | 0.99 |
Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation. HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; IFG, impaired fasting glucose; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance.
OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; IGT, impaired glucose tolerance; NGT, normal glucose tolerance; IFG, impaired fasting glucose.