1Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, Brazil
2Department of Internal Medicine, Graduate Program in Medical Sciences: Endocrinology, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Faculty of Medicine, Porto Alegre, Brazil
Copyright © 2021 Korean Diabetes Association
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Characteristic | Control group (n=518) | T1DM group (n=478) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Age, yr | 39.1±10.0 | 38.3±12.6 | 0.296 |
Male sex, % | 59.1 | 51.5 | 0.019 |
T1DM duration, yr | - | 20.2±9.1 | - |
Ethnicity (non-White), % | 11.8 | 9.3 | 0.233 |
HbA1c, % (mmol/mol) | 5.3±0.3 (34±0.39) | 8.7±2.0 (72±10) | <0.0001 |
High-risk HLA DR/DQ genotypes, % |
17.5 | 58.0 | <0.0001 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 27.1±4.5 | 24.4±3.7 | <0.0001 |
Hypertension, % | - | 46.4 | - |
Age at T1DM diagnosis, yr | - | 17.4±9.7 | - |
Diabetic kidney disease, % | - | 40.4 | - |
Diabetic retinopathy, % | - | 59.8 | - |
Variable | Control group (n=518) | T1DM group (n=478) | P value |
Adjusted OR (95% CI)/P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
Genotypes | ||||
C/C | 282 (54.4) | 287 (60.0) | 0.001 | 1 |
C/A | 165 (31.9) | 161 (33.7) | 0.921 (0.660–1.285)/0.627 | |
A/A | 71 (13.7) | 30 (6.3) | 0.467 (0.275–0.794)/0.005 | |
Alleles | ||||
C | 0.704 | 0.769 | 0.001 | - |
A | 0.296 | 0.231 | ||
Recessive model | ||||
C/C+C/A | 447 (86.3) | 448 (93.7) | <0.0001 | 1 |
A/A | 71 (13.7) | 30 (6.3) | 0.482 (0.288–0.806)/0.005 | |
Additive model | ||||
C/C | 282 (79.9) | 287 (90.5) | <0.0001 | 1 |
A/A | 71 (20.1) | 30 (9.5) | 0.470 (0.278–0.794)/0.005 | |
Dominant model | ||||
C/C | 282 (54.4) | 287 (60.0) | 0.074 | 1 |
C/A+A/A | 236 (45.6) | 191 (40.0) | 0.782 (0.575–1.063)/0.116 |
Variable | Control group (n=456) | T1DM group (n=431) | P value |
Adjusted OR (95% CI)/P value |
---|---|---|---|---|
White subjects | ||||
Genotypes | ||||
C/C | 240 (52.6) | 252 (58.5) | <0.0001 | 1 |
C/A | 147 (32.2) | 150 (34.8) | 0.839 (0.585–1.203)/0.339 | |
A/A | 69 (15.1) | 29 (6.7) | 0.485 (0.276–0.851)/0.012 | |
Alleles | ||||
C | 0.690 | 0.760 | <0.001 | - |
A | 0.310 | 0.240 | ||
Recessive model | ||||
C/C+C/A | 387 (84.9) | 402 (93.3) | <0.0001 | 1 |
A/A | 69 (15.1) | 29 (6.7) | 0.518 (0.301–0.894)/0.018 | |
Additive model | ||||
C/C | 240 (77.7) | 252 (89.7) | <0.0001 | 1 |
A/A | 69 (22.3) | 29 (10.3) | 0.488 (0.281–0.846)/0.011 | |
Dominant model | ||||
C/C | 240 (52.6) | 252 (58.5) | 0.093 | 1 |
C/A+A/A | 216 (47.4) | 179 (41.5) | 0.734 (0.526–1.023)/0.068 | |
Non-white subjects | 61 | 44 | ||
Genotypes | ||||
C/C | 41 (67.2) | 32 (72.7) | 0.823 | 1 |
C/A | 18 (29.5) | 11 (25.0) | 1.234 (0.389–3.910)/0.721 | |
A/A | 2 (3.3) | 1 (2.3) | 0.816 (0.056–11.957)/0.882 | |
Alleles | ||||
C | 0.820 | 0.850 | 0.661 | - |
A | 0.180 | 0.150 | ||
Dominant model | ||||
C/C | 41 (67.2) | 32 (72.7) | 0.696 | 1 |
C/A+A/A | 20 (32.8) | 12 (27.3) | 1.164 (0.393–3.451)/0.784 |
Characteristic | C/C+C/A (n=448) | A/A (n=30) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Age, yr | 38.4±12.7 | 37.6±11.2 | 0.768 |
Age at diagnosis, yr | 17.3±9.8 | 18.5±9.9 | 0.557 |
T1DM duration, yr | 20.1±8.8 | 20.8±6.4 | 0.701 |
Male sex, % | 51.4 | 53.3 | 0.983 |
Ethnicity (non-white), % | 9.7 | 3.3 | 0.405 |
HbA1c, % (mmol/mol) | 8.7±2.0 (72±10) | 8.6±2.2 (70±12.5) | 0.772 |
T1DM high-risk HLA DR/DQ genotypes, % | 57.8 | 59.3 | >0.999 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 24.4±3.7 | 24.6±3.6 | 0.843 |
Hypertension, % | 46.1 | 50.0 | 0.876 |
Diabetic retinopathy, % | 60.2 | 53.6 | 0.623 |
Diabetic kidney disease, % | 39.2 | 56.5 | 0.254 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; High-risk
Values are presented as number (%).
Values are presented as number (%).
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. T1DM, type 1 diabetes mellitus; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; High-risk