Table 1Baseline characteristics of patients
Characteristic |
Total |
Without OHA |
With OHA |
Number |
190 |
66 (34.7) |
124 (65.3) |
Duration of DM, yr |
3.7±6.3 |
0.1±0.4 |
5.6±7.1 |
HbA1c, % |
6.9±1.4 |
6.1±0.8 |
7.3±1.5 |
Sex |
|
|
|
Male |
90 (47.4) |
26 (39.4) |
64 (51.6) |
Female |
100 (52.6) |
40 (60.6) |
60 (48.4) |
Age, yr |
56.4±10.6 |
56.8±9.4 |
56.2±11.1 |
<50 |
43 (22.6) |
15 (22.7) |
28 (22.6) |
≥50 to <60 |
71 (37.4) |
27 (40.9) |
44 (35.5) |
≥60 |
76 (40.0) |
24 (36.4) |
52 (41.9) |
Height, cm |
163.6±8.4 |
162.6±8.6 |
164.0±8.3 |
Weight, kg |
65.0±12.2 |
64.7±11.3 |
65.2±12.6 |
BMI, kg/m2
|
24.4±3.3 |
24.7±3.1 |
24.3±3.3 |
SBP, mm Hg |
131±18 |
135±19 |
131±18 |
DBP, mm Hg |
81±12 |
83±12 |
81±12 |
Table 2The difference between baseline HbA1c and follow-up HbA1c
Variable |
Without OHA |
With OHA |
Number |
Baseline HbA1c |
3 Months later |
P value |
Number |
Baseline HbA1c |
3 Months later |
P value |
Total |
66 |
6.1±0.8 |
6.0±0.4 |
NS |
0124 |
7.3±1.5 |
7.0±1.1 |
<0.01 |
Duration of DM, yr |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
≤1 |
65 |
6.1±0.8 |
6.0±0.4 |
NS |
48 |
7.0±1.3 |
6.6±0.9 |
<0.01 |
>1 to ≤5 |
1 |
6.5 |
6.5 |
|
33 |
7.5±1.8 |
6.9±1.1 |
<0.01 |
>5 to ≤10 |
|
|
|
|
22 |
7.5±1.4 |
7.3±1.2 |
NS |
>10 |
|
|
|
|
21 |
7.6±1.2 |
7.5±1.1 |
NS |
Sex |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Male |
26 |
6.4±1.1 |
6.1±0.5 |
NS |
64 |
7.6±1.7 |
6.9±1.1 |
<0.01 |
Female |
40 |
5.9±0.3 |
6.0±0.4 |
NS |
60 |
7.1±1.1 |
7.0±1.1 |
NS |
BMI, kg/m2
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
<23 |
33 |
5.9±0.3 |
6.0±0.4 |
NS |
51 |
7.2±1.5 |
6.9±1.2 |
NS |
≥23 to <25 |
11 |
6.1±0.5 |
6.0±0.4 |
NS |
34 |
7.8±1.3 |
7.0±0.9 |
<0.01 |
≥25 |
22 |
6.4±1.2 |
6.2±0.5 |
NS |
39 |
7.2±1.5 |
7.0±1.1 |
NS |
Table 3Target achievement rate (HbA1c <6.5%) at 3 months after the individual diabetes education in the oral hypoglycemic agent group
Variable |
Target achievement rate <6.5% |
No. (%) |
Odds ratio |
95% CI |
P value |
Total |
47 (37.9) |
|
|
|
Duration of DM, yr |
|
|
|
|
≤1 |
26 (55.32) |
Reference |
- |
|
>1 to ≤5 |
14 (29.79) |
0.623 |
0.255–1.524 |
NS |
>5 to ≤10 |
5 (10.64) |
0.249 |
0.079–0.784 |
0.0175 |
>10 |
2 (4.26) |
0.089 |
0.019–0.425 |
0.0024 |
Sex |
|
|
|
|
Male |
24 (51.06) |
Reference |
- |
|
Female |
23 (48.94) |
1.036 |
0.501–2.141 |
NS |
Age, yr |
|
|
|
|
<50 |
10 (21.28) |
Reference |
- |
|
≥50 to <60 |
16 (34.04) |
1.029 |
0.383–2.761 |
NS |
≥60 |
21 (44.68) |
1.219 |
0.471–3.156 |
NS |
Height, cm |
|
0.998 |
0.953–1.045 |
NS |
Weight, kg |
|
0.987 |
0.958–1.018 |
NS |
BMI, kg/m2
|
|
|
|
|
<23 |
24 (51.06) |
Reference |
- |
NS |
≥23 to <25 |
10 (21.28) |
0.469 |
0.187–1.176 |
NS |
≥25 |
13 (27.66) |
0.563 |
0.237–1.334 |
NS |
Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg |
|
1.013 |
0.991–1.035 |
NS |
Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg |
|
1.026 |
0.993–1.060 |
NS |
Table 4The difference between the baseline target achievement rate and follow-up target achievement rate in the oral hypoglycemic agent group
Variable |
3 Months later HbA1c |
P value |
≥6.5% |
<6.5% |
Baseline HbA1c, % |
|
|
0.0253 |
≥6.5 |
72 (93.5) |
15 (31.9) |
<6.5 |
5 (6.5) |
32 (68.1) |
Total |
77 |
47 |
|
Table 5Target achievement rate by the Cochran-Armitage trend test at 3 months after the individual diabetes education
Variable |
Duration of DM |
BMI |
Sex |
HbA1c <6.5% Cochran-Armitage trend test |
<0.0001 |
0.0537 |
0.2447 |