Fig. 1Annual changes in the percentages of adults in the 1998 to 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANESs) eligible for 4 statin benefit groups based on the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association lipid guideline. ASCVD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol.
Fig. 2Age-specific distributions of adults in the 1998 to 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (KNHANESs) eligible for statin treatment based on the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association lipid guideline.
Table 1Anthropometric and biochemical parameters in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 1998 to 2012
![dmj-41-38-i001.jpg]()
Parameter |
I
1998 |
II
2001 |
III
2005 |
IV
2007–2009 |
V
2010–2012 |
Number |
7,698 |
5,654 |
5,269 |
15,727 |
16,304 |
Weighted no. |
3.10×107
|
2.87×107
|
3.42×107
|
3.35×107
|
3.40×107
|
Age, yr |
41.4±0.48 |
42.2±0.50 |
43.5±0.50 |
44.7±0.33 |
45.3±0.24 |
Male sex, % |
49.0 (0.5) |
48.7 (0.6) |
48.7 (0.7) |
49.2 (0.4) |
49.4 (0.4) |
BMI, kg/m2
|
23.1±0.06 |
23.4±0.07 |
23.6±0.08 |
23.6±0.05 |
23.7±0.04 |
WC, cm |
80.0±0.20 |
80.6±0.22 |
80.6±0.23 |
81.2±0.19 |
81.1±0.13 |
SBP, mm Hg |
124.4±0.42 |
121.6±0.46 |
117.7±0.44 |
115.3± 0.32 |
117.4±0.22 |
Hemoglobin, g/dL |
14.1±0.03 |
13.7±0.03 |
14.0±0.03 |
14.0±0.03 |
14.2±0.02 |
AST, IU/L |
27.9±0.31 |
22.1±0.22 |
24.2±0.27 |
22.5±0.21 |
22.3±0.14 |
ALT, IU/L |
28.4±0.42 |
20.4 ± 0.34 |
22.9 ± 0.45 |
22.6±0.32 |
22.1±0.25 |
Creatinine, mg/dL |
0.9±0.004 |
1.0±0.004 |
1.0±0.004 |
0.9±0.005 |
0.8±0.002 |
FPG, mg/dL |
99.9±0.64 |
96.3±0.44 |
93.5±0.40 |
96.2±0.33 |
96.5±0.23 |
HbA1c, %a
|
5.1±0.02 |
5.7±0.02 |
7.4±0.11 |
7.3±0.05 |
5.7±0.01 |
TC, mg/dL |
185.9±0.78 |
186.0±0.73 |
182.6±0.77 |
185.7±0.58 |
188.2±0.42 |
Triglyceride, mg/dL |
120.2±1.58 |
135.2±1.78 |
121.3±1.86 |
125.1±1.44 |
129.9±1.19 |
HDL-C, mg/dL |
50.1±0.24 |
46.4±0.31 |
45.3±0.24 |
48.3±0.18 |
49.3±0.13 |
LDL-C, mg/dL |
112.2±0.70 |
112.5±0.64 |
113.1±0.65 |
112.5±0.49 |
114.3±0.34 |
Diabetes mellitus, % |
9.6 (0.5) |
8.7 (0.4) |
7.0 (0.4) |
8.4 (0.3) |
9.6 (0.3) |
Hypertension, % |
24.5 (0.7) |
22.3 (0.8) |
21.8 (0.8) |
20.8 (0.5) |
25.2 (0.5) |
Current smoker, % |
36.0 (0.6) |
31.9 (0.7) |
25.6 (0.8) |
26.3 (0.4) |
29.3 (0.5) |
Lipid-lowering therapy, % |
NA |
NA |
1.0 (0.1) |
2.5 (0.1) |
4.6 (0.2) |
Antihypertensive therapy, % |
7.0 (0.3) |
6.9 (0.4) |
10.6 (0.5) |
13.3 (0.3) |
14.9 (0.4) |
Table 2Distribution of adults eligible for statin therapy in the 1998 to 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
![dmj-41-38-i002.jpg]()
Variable |
I
1998 |
II
2001 |
III
2005 |
IV
2007–2009 |
V
2010–2012 |
ASCVDa
|
1.4 (0.1) |
1.6 (0.2) |
3.5 (0.3) |
3.1 (0.2) |
3.3 (0.2) |
LDL-C ≥190 mg/dL |
1.7 (0.2) |
1.2 (0.2) |
1.1 (0.2) |
1.5 (0.2) |
1.6 (0.1) |
Diabetes mellitus |
4.8 (0.3) |
5.6 (0.3) |
4.9 (0.3) |
5.6 (0.2) |
6.1 (0.2) |
10-Year risk ≥7.5% |
9.1 (0.4) |
10.6 (0.5) |
11.3 (0.5) |
10.0 (0.3) |
11.0 (0.3) |
Adults eligible for statin therapy |
17.0 (0.7) |
19.0 (0.7) |
20.8 (0.7) |
20.2 (0.4) |
22.0 (0.5) |
Adults receiving lipid-lowering therapy |
NA |
NA |
1.0 (0.1) |
2.5 (0.1) |
4.6 (0.2) |
Table 3Distribution of percentages of adults eligible for statin therapy according to sex and age groups in the 1998 to 2012 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys
![dmj-41-38-i003.jpg]()
Age, yr |
Men |
Women |
I
1998 |
II
2001 |
III
2005 |
IV
2007–2009 |
V
2010–2012 |
I
1998 |
II
2001 |
III
2005 |
IV
2007–2009 |
V
2010–2012 |
20–29 |
0.7 (0.3) |
0.9 (0.5) |
0.0 |
0.8 (0.3) |
0.6 (0.3) |
1.5 (0.5) |
0.5 (0.3) |
0.1 (0.1) |
0.7 (0.3) |
0.5 (0.3) |
30–39 |
1.9 (0.5) |
1.1 (0.5) |
0.8 (0.4) |
1.4 (0.3) |
2.4 (0.5) |
0.5 (0.2) |
1.1 (0.5) |
0.8 (0.4) |
1.0 (0.3) |
1.3 (0.4) |
40–49 |
19.4 (1.8) |
23.9 (2.0) |
21.4 (2.0) |
17.3 (1.2) |
17.0 (1.2) |
6.6 (1.0) |
5.6 (0.9) |
7.2 (1.3) |
6.5 (0.6) |
7.7 (0.8) |
50–59 |
56.5 (2.4) |
56.2 (3.2) |
59.3 (2.7) |
47.2 (1.7) |
50.0 (1.6) |
19.9 (1.8) |
18.9 (2.3) |
20.2 (2.2) |
16.3 (1.1) |
16.5 (1.0) |
60–69 |
79.7 (2.2) |
92.9 (1.5) |
91.1 (1.6) |
86.1 (1.4) |
89.1 (1.0) |
53.8 (2.6) |
56.5 (3.0) |
53.3 (2.7) |
49.7 (1.6) |
49.7 (1.5) |
70–79a
|
60.1 (4.3) |
79.2 (3.9) |
74.3 (4.5) |
70.8 (1.9) |
72.4 (1.9) |
65.9 (3.3) |
66.9 (3.7) |
73.0 (3.3) |
67.9 (1.8) |
64.9 (1.8) |
70–75 |
82.3 (4.5) |
95.3 (2.5) |
94.6 (2.5) |
91.2 (1.3) |
93.9 (1.2) |
88.9 (2.4) |
95.6 (1.8) |
96.1 (1.6) |
93.9 (1.0) |
93.8 (0.9) |
76–79 |
3.4 (2.3) |
19.2 (7.8) |
2.7 (2.7) |
16.3 (3.1) |
19.1 (2.8) |
9.5 (4.1) |
5.5 (3.0) |
14.4 (3.9) |
18.2 (2.6) |
12.4 (2.0) |
≥80 |
13.6 (8.8) |
6.1 (4.8) |
5.7 (4.0) |
16.8 (3.5) |
20.1 (5.0) |
10.8 (4.6) |
3.8 (2.2) |
20.4 (6.2) |
11.6 (2.6) |
17.4 (3.0) |
Percentage of adults aged ≥20 years eligible for statin therapy, % |
20.7 (0.9) |
24.3 (1.1) |
25.8 (1.1) |
25.0 (1.3) |
27.7 (0.7) |
13.5 (0.7) |
13.9 (0.8) |
16.1 (0.8) |
15.5 (0.5) |
16.4 (0.5) |