Table 1Comparison of the clinical profile of the two groups
Variable |
Group 1 (n=92)
Diabetic subjects without nephropathy |
Group 2 (n=89)
Diabetic subjects with nephropathy |
P value |
Mean age, yr |
54.28±9.26 |
55.72±10.33 |
0.155 |
Mean duration of diabetes, yr |
10.76±7.61 |
12.27±7.04 |
0.166 |
Sex, male:female |
70:22 |
61:28 |
0.256 |
Family history of diabetes |
42 (45.65) |
45 (50.56) |
0.236 |
Family history of kidney disease |
5 (5.43) |
8 (8.99) |
0.157 |
Retinopathy |
25 (27.17) |
32 (35.96) |
0.185 |
Neuropathy |
20 (21.74) |
31 (34.83) |
0.050 |
Hypertension |
45 (48.91) |
48 (53.93) |
0.499 |
Oral antidiabetic drug |
60 (65.22) |
63 (70.79) |
0.588 |
Oral antidiabetic drug+Insulin |
22 (23.91) |
20 (22.47) |
0.537 |
Insulin alone |
10 (10.87) |
6 (6.74) |
0.389 |
Statin alone |
29 (31.52) |
48 (53.93) |
0.001 |
Statin+Ezetimibe |
- |
1 (1.12) |
- |
Statin+Fibrate |
5 (5.43) |
3 (3.37) |
0.144 |
ACEi |
39 (42.39) |
37 (41.57) |
1.000 |
ARB |
6 (6.25) |
11 (12.36) |
0.491 |
Table 2Comparison of anthropometric measurements and biochemical estimations between subjects with and without nephropathy
Variable |
Group 1 (n=92)
Diabetic subjects without nephropathy |
Group 2 (n=89)
Diabetic subjects with nephropathy |
95% CI of the difference |
P value |
BMI, kg/m2
|
27.2±3.6 |
26.47±3.18 |
−0.27 to 1.72 |
0.15 |
HbA1c, % |
9.54±1.86 |
9.4±2.4 |
−0.48 to 0.78 |
0.646 |
Total cholesterol, mg/dL |
174.76±36.12 |
211.76±70.27 |
−53.36 to −20.62 |
<0.001 |
Triglycerides, mg/dL |
160.14±84.7 |
189.64±114.71 |
−59 to 0.009 |
0.016 |
HDL-C, mg/dL |
42±15.86 |
40.91±11 |
−5.14 to 2.96 |
0.597 |
LDL-C, mg/dL |
101.69±36.5 |
121.18±45.27 |
−31.69 to −7.3 |
0.002 |
Non-HDL-C, mg/dL |
135.62±33.66 |
162.63±75.34 |
−44.26 to −9.72 |
0.002 |
sdLDL |
4.52±3.93 |
5.14±4.13 |
−1.81 to 0.57 |
0.104 |
Urea, mg/dL |
32.85±18.11 |
38.05±18.7 |
−10.76 to 0.37 |
0.067 |
Creatinine, mg/dL |
1.18±0.52 |
1.29±0.58 |
−0.27 to 0.05 |
0.203 |
eGFR, mL/min/1.73 m2
|
85.62±33.67 |
70.21±28.04 |
5.97 to 24.85 |
0.002 |
Table 3Comparison of the occurrence of dyslipidemia between subjects with and without nephropathy
Variable |
Group 1 (n=92)
Diabetic subjects without nephropathy |
Group 2 (n=89)
Diabetic subjects with nephropathy |
P value |
Dyslipidemiaa
|
52 (56.52) |
67 (75.28) |
0.012 |
sdLDLb
|
65 (70.33) |
67 (75.28) |
0.772 |
Atherogenic dyslipidemiac
|
13 (14.13) |
13 (14.61) |
1.0 |
Table 4Results of multiple linear regression analysis with estimated glomerular filtration rate as dependent variable
Independent variable |
Unstandardized coefficient B |
Standard error |
P value |
R square for the model |
BMI |
−0.666 |
0.700 |
0.343 |
0.131 |
Diabetes duration |
−0.455 |
0.353 |
0.200 |
|
HbA1c |
1.098 |
1.123 |
0.330 |
|
Total cholesterol |
−0.230 |
0.084 |
0.007 |
|
Triglycerides |
0.000 |
0.031 |
0.993 |
|
HDL-C |
0.421 |
0.225 |
0.063 |
|
LDL-C |
0.053 |
0.090 |
0.553 |
|