1Research Center for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
2Department of Internal Medicine, Chungnam National University Hospital, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea.
Copyright © 2016 Korean Diabetes Association
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Characteristic | Atorvastatin 10 mg (n=23) | Atorvastatin 40 mg (n=27) | P value |
---|---|---|---|
Sex, male:female | 16:7 | 13:14 | 0.126a |
Age, yr | 56.0±11.4 | 55.2±13.3 | 0.825b |
Smokers, n | 6 | 4 | 0.480a |
SBP, mm Hg | 129.4±12.3 | 130.7±12.1 | 0.708b |
DBP, mm Hg | 74.0±9.0 | 76.0±11.0 | 0.484b |
Pulse rate, beat/min | 79.4±12.5 | 81.6±9.4 | 0.486b |
HTN medication, n | 5 | 11 | 0.225a |
Diagnosis, yr | 4.4±5.8 | 5.7±6.4 | 0.461b |
Height, cm | 163.7±9.9 | 160.9±9.8 | 0.320b |
Weight, kg | 67.6±13.8 | 68.2±16.7 | 0.889b |
BMI, kg/m2 | 25.0±3.1 | 26.1 ± 4.6 | 0.326b |
Variable | Atorvastatin 10 mg (n=23) | Atorvastatin 40 mg (n=27) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Before | After | P valuea | Before | After | P valuea | |
CPK, U/L | 113.8±94.0 | 131.9±136.0 | 0.459 | 104.0±43.7 | 96.5±46.4 | 0.306 |
AST, IU/L | 22.7±16.0 | 24.2±14.9 | 0.190 | 21.4±9.3 | 21.8±8.4 | 0.647 |
ALT, IU/L | 25.9±19.9 | 26.8±16.6 | 0.312 | 27.0±17.0 | 27.4±14.8 | 0.484 |
Insulin, µIU/mL | 13.6±11.5 | 10.8±8.3 | 0.171 | 21.6±45.6 | 14.3±15.3 | 0.377 |
C-peptide, pmol/mL | 1.1±0.7 | 0.9±0.5 | 0.322 | 1.2±1.1 | 1.0±0.6 | 0.201 |
HbA1c, % | 7.6±1.6 | 7.3±1.2 | 0.235 | 7.3±1.8 | 7.2±1.4 | 0.562 |
Glucose, mg/dL | 158.9±53.0 | 154.2±62.0 | 0.110 | 167.9±75.0 | 144.0±49.0 | 0.053 |
TC, mg/dL | 209.1±30.0 | 148.2±24.1 | <0.001 | 211.0±22.8 | 132.3±26.2 | <0.001 |
LDL-C, mg/dL | 138.6±23.9 | 82.7±18.8 | <0.001 | 139.5±24.2 | 68.0±22.7 | <0.001 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 48.7±12.3 | 47.3±10.7 | 0.551 | 46.7±10.6 | 47.6±11.8 | 0.977 |
TG, mg/dL | 181.3±93.1 | 133.7±75.9 | 0.012 | 191.3±117.4 | 129.8±62.6 | 0.001 |
GDF-15, pg/mL | 1,460.6±874.8 | 1,451.0±770.8 | 0.745 | 1,271.6±801.0 | 1,341.4±855.2 | 0.665 |
HOMA-IR | 5.1±4.0 | 4.2±4.8 | 0.463 | 6.5±9.6 | 4.9±4.7 | 0.253 |
hsCRP, mg/dL | 2.6±2.7 | 1.3±1.1 | 0.020 | 2.3±2.6 | 1.0±0.7 | 0.018 |
Factor | Before | After | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10 mg | 40 mg | P valuea | 10 mg | 40 mg | P valuea | |
CPK, U/L | 113.8±94.0 | 104.0±43.7 | 0.765 | 131.9±136.0 | 96.5±46.4 | 0.368 |
AST, IU/L | 22.7±16.0 | 21.4±9.3 | 0.632 | 24.2±14.9 | 21.8±8.4 | 0.984 |
ALT, IU/L | 25.9±19.9 | 27.0±17.0 | 0.447 | 26.8±16.6 | 27.4±14.8 | 0.572 |
Insulin, µIU/mL | 13.6±11.5 | 21.6±45.6 | 0.624 | 10.8±8.3 | 14.3±15.3 | 0.408 |
C-peptide, pmol/mL | 1.1±0.7 | 1.2±1.1 | 0.794 | 0.9±0.5 | 1.0±0.6 | 0.763 |
HbA1c, % | 7.6±1.6 | 7.3±1.8 | 0.267 | 7.3±1.2 | 7.2±1.4 | 0.606 |
Glucose, mg/dL | 158.9±53.0 | 167.9±75.0 | 0.640 | 154.2±62.0 | 144.0±49.0 | 0.540 |
TC, mg/dL | 209.1±30.0 | 211.0±22.8 | 0.654 | 148.2±24.1 | 132.3±26.2 | 0.023 |
LDL-C, mg/dL | 138.6±23.9 | 139.5±24.2 | 0.992 | 82.7±18.8 | 68.0±22.7 | 0.006 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | 48.7±12.3 | 46.7±10.6 | 0.559 | 47.3±10.7 | 47.6±11.8 | 0.907 |
TG, mg/dL | 181.3±93.1 | 191.3±117.4 | 0.968 | 133.7±75.9 | 129.8±62.6 | 0.876 |
GDF-15, pg/mL | 1,460.6±874.8 | 1,271.6±801.0 | 0.280 | 1,451.0±770.8 | 1,341.4±855.2 | 0.376 |
HOMA-IR | 5.1±4.0 | 6.5±9.6 | 0.984 | 4.2±4.8 | 4.9±4.7 | 0.355 |
hsCRP, mg/dL | 2.6±2.7 | 2.3±2.6 | 0.486 | 1.3±1.1 | 1.0±0.7 | 0.989 |
Factor | Difference in 10 mg group | Difference in 40 mg group | P valuea |
---|---|---|---|
CPK, U/L | 24.6±146.2 | -9.1±48.3 | 0.359 |
AST, IU/L | 1.4±5.2 | 0.3±10.0 | 0.622 |
ALT, IU/L | 0.9±8.2 | 0.4±19.4 | 0.901 |
Insulin, µIU/mL | -2.8±11.4 | -7.3±41.2 | 0.599 |
C-peptide, pmol/mL | -0.2±0.5 | -0.2±0.9 | 0.818 |
HbA1c, % | -0.3±1.1 | -0.1±1.1 | 0.524 |
Glucose, mg/dL | -4.7±90.4 | -23.9±61.4 | 0.393 |
TC, mg/dL | -60.9±21.6 | -78.7±26.3 | 0.012 |
LDL-C, mg/dL | -55.9±20.8 | -71.5±24.7 | 0.019 |
HDL-C, mg/dL | -1.4±7.9 | 0.7±7.5 | 0.351 |
TG, mg/dL | -47.6±76.4 | -54.4±107.8 | 0.794 |
GDF-15, pg/mL | -9.5±398.7 | 69.7±480.0 | 0.527 |
HOMA-IR | -0.9±6.0 | -1.5±6.7 | 0.738 |
hsCRP, mg/dL | -1.3±2.5 | -1.3±2.4 | 0.979 |
Variable | Difference in GDF-15 | P value |
---|---|---|
CPK (difference), U/L | -0.006 | 0.971 |
AST (difference), IU/L | -0.090 | 0.536 |
ALT (difference), IU/L | -0.074 | 0.608 |
Insulin (difference), µIU/mL | 0.196 | 0.314 |
C-peptide (difference), pmol/mL | 0.232 | 0.109 |
HbA1c (difference), % | 0.196 | 0.173 |
Glucose (difference), mg/dL | 0.053 | 0.716 |
TC (difference), mg/dL | -0.062 | 0.671 |
LDL-C (difference), mg/dL | -0.036 | 0.806 |
HDL-C (difference), mg/dL | -0.124 | 0.396 |
TG (difference), mg/dL | -0.042 | 0.773 |
HOMA-IR (difference) | 0.097 | 0.505 |
hsCRP (difference), mg/dL | 0.016 | 0.504 |
Factor | Responders (n=26) | Non-responders (n=24) | P valuea |
---|---|---|---|
Sex, male:female | 16:10 | 13:11 | 0.405 |
Age, yr | 54.7±12.0 | 56.5±12.9 | 0.604 |
Smokers, n | 5 | 5 | 0.582 |
SBP, mm Hg | 131.2±12.4 | 129.0±11.9 | 0.542 |
DBP, mm Hg | 76.7±9.4 | 73.2±10.4 | 0.217 |
Pulse rate, beat/min | 81.3±10.2 | 79.9±11.8 | 0.658 |
HTN medication, n | 12 | 4 | 0.026 |
Atorvastatin (10 mg/40 mg), n | 12/14 | 11/13 | 0.603 |
Diagnosis, yr | 4.9±5.3 | 5.3±6.9 | 0.818 |
Height, cm | 164.0±10.2 | 160.1±9.2 | 0.162 |
Weight, kg | 71.0±17.7 | 64.6±11.6 | 0.130 |
BMI, kg/m2 | 26.1±4.8 | 25.0±2.8 | 0.318 |
CPK (difference), U/L | 33.2±143.5 | -18.5±36.4 | 0.143 |
AST (difference), IU/L | 2.1±6.4 | -0.5±9.6 | 0.261 |
ALT (difference), IU/L | 3.1±11.8 | -2.1±18.0 | 0.239 |
Insulin (difference), µIU/mL | -10.6±42.4 | 0.5±6.2 | 0.210 |
C-peptide (difference), pmol/mL | -0.4±0.9 | 0.0±0.4 | 0.061 |
HbA1c (difference), % | -0.3±1.0 | -0.1±1.3 | 0.592 |
Glucose (difference), mg/dL | -21.7±68.9 | -7.9±83.8 | 0.528 |
TC (difference), mg/dL | -91.7±25.1 | -69.3±26.7 | 0.745 |
LDL-C (difference), mg/dL | -65.8±25.0 | -62.7±23.5 | 0.654 |
HDL-C (difference), mg/dL | 1.2±8.4 | -1.9±6.8 | 0.169 |
TG (difference), mg/dL | -52.7±106.0 | -49.8±80.8 | 0.912 |
GDF-15 (difference), pg/mL | -219.9±319.3 | 307.6±392.5 | <0.001 |
HOMA-IR (difference) | -1.8±8.0 | -0.7±3.9 | 0.556 |
hsCRP (difference), mg/dL | -1.6±3.3 | -1.0±1.0 | 0.356 |
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HTN, hypertension; BMI, body mass index. a
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. CPK, creatine phosphokinase; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; GDF-15, growth differentiation factor 15; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. a
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. CPK, creatine phosphokinase; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; GDF-15, growth differentiation factor 15; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. a
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. CPK, creatine phosphokinase; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; GDF-15, growth differentiation factor 15; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. a
All clinical factors are differences of the mean. Difference: after medication–before medication. GDF-15, growth differentiation factor 15; CPK, creatine phosphokinase; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein.
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation. Responders: GDF-15 decreased after treatment. Non-responders: GDF-15 not decreased after treatment. GDF-15, growth differentiation factor 15; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HTN, hypertension; BMI, body mass index; CPK, creatine phosphokinase; AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; TC, total cholesterol; LDL-C, low density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high density lipoprotein cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; HOMA-IR, homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance; hsCRP, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein. a