1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Yeouido St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
2Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science, Soongsil University, Seoul, Korea
3Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
4Department of Medical Informatics, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
Copyright © 2022 Korean Diabetes Association
This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
CONFLICTS OF INTEREST
Seung-Hwan Lee has been associate editors of the Diabetes & Metabolism Journal since 2022. He was not involved in the review process of this review. Otherwise, there was no conflict of interest.
FUNDING
This research was supported by a grant of the Korea Health Technology R&D Project through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute (KHIDI), funded by the Ministry of Health and Welfare, Republic of Korea (Grant Number: HI18-C0275).
Classification | Variable | Year of health examination | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
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2002–2008 | 2009–2017 | 2018–2019 | ||
Health examination | ||||
Obesity | Height | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Weight | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
Body mass index | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
Waist circumference | ○a | ○ | ||
Hypertension | Systolic blood pressure | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Diastolic blood pressure | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
Sensory | Vision | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Hearing ability | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
Diabetes | Fasting glucose | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Hypertension, dyslipidemia, atherosclerosis | Total cholesterol | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Triglyceride | ○ | ○ | ||
HDL-cholesterol | ○ | ○ | ||
LDL-cholesterol | ○ | ○ | ||
Anemia | Hemoglobin | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Kidney disease | Urine glucose | ○ | ||
Urine occult blood | ○ | |||
Urine pH | ○ | |||
Urine protein | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
Chronic kidney disease | Serum creatinine | ○ | ○ | |
Estimated glomerular filtration rate | ○b | ○ | ||
Liver disease | Aspartate aminotransferase | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Alanine aminotransferase | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
Gamma-glutamyl transferase | ○ | ○ | ○ | |
Pulmonary disease | Chest radiography | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Cardiac disease | Electrocardiogram | ○ | ||
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Questionnaire | ||||
Past medical history | ○c | ○d | ○d | |
Family history | ○e | ○f | ○f | |
Smoking | Smoking status | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Daily smoking amount | ○ | |||
Average daily smoking amount (ex-smoker) | ○ | ○ | ||
Average daily smoking amount (current smoker) | ○ | ○ | ||
Smoking duration | ○ | |||
Smoking duration (ex-smoker) | ○ | ○ | ||
Smoking duration (current smoker) | ○ | ○ | ||
Alcohol consumption | Drinking frequency | ○ | ○ | |
Days of drinking per week | ○ | |||
Amount of drinking per time | ○ | |||
Amount of drinking per day | ○ | ○ | ||
Type of alcohol | ○ | |||
Maximum amount of drinking per day | ○ | |||
Exercise | Exercise frequency per week | ○ | ||
Days of strenuous exercise per week | ○ | ○ | ||
Time of strenuous exercise per day | ○ | |||
Days of moderate intensity exercise per week | ○ | ○ | ||
Time of moderate intensity exercise per day | ○ | |||
Days of walking exercise per week | ○ | |||
Days of strength training per week | ○ | |||
Hepatitis B | Hepatitis B | ○ | ○ |
HDL, high-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.
a Waist circumference measurement was started in 2008,
b Estimated glomerular filtration rate measurement was not performed in 2010 to 2011,
c Past medical history, development year, cured or not on pulmonary tuberculosis, hepatitis, liver disease, hypertension, cardiac disease, stroke, diabetes, cancer, and other disease,
d Past medical history and medical treatment of stroke, cardiac disease, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, pulmonary tuberculosis, cancer, and other disease,
e Family history of liver disease, hypertension, stroke, cardiac disease, diabetes, and cancer,
f Family history of hypertension, stroke, cardiac disease, diabetes, cancer, and other disease.