Obesity is among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide and its prevalence continues to increase globally. Because obesity is a chronic, complex, and heterogeneous disease influenced by genetic, developmental, biological, and environmental factors, it is necessary to approach obesity with an integrated and comprehensive treatment strategy. As it is difficult to achieve and sustain successful long-term weight loss in most patients with obesity through lifestyle modifications (e.g., diet, exercise, and behavioral therapy), pharmacological approaches to the treatment of obesity should be considered as an adjunct therapy. Currently, four drugs (orlistat, naltrexone extended-release [ER]/bupropion ER, phentermine/topiramate controlled-release, and liraglutide) can be used long-term (>12 weeks) to promote weight loss by suppressing appetite or decreasing fat absorption. Pharmacotherapy for obesity should be conducted according to a proper assessment of the clinical evidence and customized to individual patients considering the characteristics of each drug and comorbidities associated with obesity. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of action, efficacy, and safety of these available long-term anti-obesity drugs and introduce other potential agents under investigation. Furthermore, we discuss the need for research on personalized obesity medicine.
Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by
Shedding light on weight loss: A narrative review of medications for treating obesity Haritha Darapaneni, Samridhi Lakhanpal, Hiren Chhayani, Kinna Parikh, Meet Patel, Vasu Gupta, Fnu Anamika, Ripudaman Munjal, Rohit Jain Romanian Journal of Internal Medicine.2024; 62(1): 3. CrossRef
Projected health and economic effects of the increase in childhood obesity during the COVID-19 pandemic in England: The potential cost of inaction Iván Ochoa-Moreno, Ravita Taheem, Kathryn Woods-Townsend, Debbie Chase, Keith M. Godfrey, Neena Modi, Mark Hanson, Rebecca F. Baggaley PLOS ONE.2024; 19(1): e0296013. CrossRef
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease: a selective review of pathogenesis, diagnostic approaches, and therapeutic strategies Mohammad Habibullah, Khaleed Jemmieh, Amr Ouda, Mohammad Zulqurnain Haider, Mohammed Imad Malki, Abdel-Naser Elzouki Frontiers in Medicine.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
A review of an investigational drug retatrutide, a novel triple agonist agent for the treatment of obesity Manmeet Kaur, Saurav Misra European Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.2024; 80(5): 669. CrossRef
Gut microbiota and therapy for obesity and type 2 diabetes Luyao Zhang, Pai Wang, Juan Huang, Yanpeng Xing, F. Susan Wong, Jian Suo, Li Wen Frontiers in Endocrinology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Adipocyte-targeted delivery of rosiglitazone with localized photothermal therapy for the treatment of diet-induced obesity in mice Yunxiao Zhang, Maoqi Luo, Yaxin Jia, Tingting Gao, Li Deng, Tao Gong, Zhirong Zhang, Xi Cao, Yao Fu Acta Biomaterialia.2024; 181: 317. CrossRef
Surgery is associated with better long-term outcomes than pharmacological treatment for obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis Leonardo Zumerkorn Pipek, Walter Augusto Fabio Moraes, Rodrigo Massato Nobetani, Vitor Santos Cortez, Alberto Santos Condi, João Victor Taba, Rafaela Farias Vidigal Nascimento, Milena Oliveira Suzuki, Fernanda Sayuri do Nascimento, Vitoria Carneiro de Mat Scientific Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Free radical scavenging, α-amylase, α-glucosidase, and lipase inhibitory activities of metabolites from strawberry kombucha: Molecular docking and in vitro studies Adriyan Pramono, William Ben Gunawan, Fahrul Nurkolis, Darmawan Alisaputra, Gilbert Ansell Limen, Muhammad Subhan Alfaqih, Martha Ardiaria Pharmacia.2024; 71: 1. CrossRef
“Dare to feel full”—A group treatment method for sustainable weight reduction in overweight and obese adults: A randomized controlled trial with 5-years follow-up Sara Holmberg, Lena Lendahls, Kjell-Åke Alle, Aleksandra Klisic PLOS ONE.2024; 19(5): e0303021. CrossRef
ANÁLISE DA PERDA DE PESO EM PACIENTES SUBMETIDOS A CIRURGIA BARIÁTRICA: REVISÃO SISTEMÁTICA DE LITERATURA Lucas Bottesini dos Santos, Eduardo Barbosa Lopes, Cristianne Confessor Castilho Lopes, Suellen Balbinoti Fuzinatto, Maykon Ribeiro, Guilherme Lange, Viviane Dorgievicz, Éder Ricardo Haag, Yan Fincatto, Vanessa Macrhy Revista Contemporânea.2024; 4(5): e4260. CrossRef
Kaempferia parviflora extract and its component polymethoxyflavones suppress adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells via the AMPK pathway Masakazu Ishii, Haruka Miyata, Nao Ikeda, Tomoaki Sakurai, Yurika Oura, Masahiro Nishimura Molecular Biology Reports.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
What is known about the use of weight loss medication in women with overweight/obesity on fertility and reproductive health outcomes? A scoping review Kate Maslin, Rabab Alkutbe, Jeremy Gilbert, Jonathan Pinkney, Jill Shawe Clinical Obesity.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of Lythrum salicaria Extract on Body Fat Reduction: A Protocol for a Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Hye-Jin Park, In Heo, Yea-Jin Park, Hyo-Jin An, Su Shin, Yun-Yeop Cha Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research.2024; 24(1): 87. CrossRef
Obesity and Weight Loss Strategies for Patients With Heart Failure Amanda R. Vest, Philip R. Schauer, Jo E. Rodgers, Emily Sanderson, Courtney L. LaChute, Jessica Seltz, Carl J. Lavie, Stacy A. Mandras, W.H. Wilson Tang, Adrian daSilva-deAbreu JACC: Heart Failure.2024; 12(9): 1509. CrossRef
The Effects of Propolis Consumption on Body Composition and Blood Pressure: A Systematic Review and Dose-Response Meta-Analysis Mahdi Vajdi, Atefeh Bonyadian, Fatemeh Pourteymour Fard Tabrizi, Reza Hassanizadeh, Nooshin Noshadi, Beitullah Alipour, Mahdieh Abbasalizad-Farhangi, Melika Darzi, Sahar Golpour-Hamedani, Gholamreza Askari Current Therapeutic Research.2024; 101: 100754. CrossRef
Innovative treatments for obesity and NAFLD: A bibliometric study on antioxidants, herbs, phytochemicals, and natural compounds Salvatore Pezzino, Maria Sofia, Chiara Mazzone, Giorgia Litrico, Luigi Piero Greco, Luisa Gallo, Gaetano La Greca, Saverio Latteri Heliyon.2024; 10(16): e35498. CrossRef
Association between glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonists and risk of suicidality: A comprehensive analysis of the global pharmacovigilance database Tae Hyeon Kim, Kyeongmin Lee, Seoyoung Park, Hanseul Cho, Jaeyu Park, Hyesu Jo, Yejun Son, Soeun Kim, Jiseung Kang, Lee Smith, Masoud Rahmati, Guillaume Fond, Laurent Boyer, Damiano Pizzol, Hayeon Lee, Sang Youl Rhee, Jiyoung Hwang, Hyunji Sang, Dong Keon Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Adipocyte-Targeted Nanocomplex with Synergistic Photothermal and Pharmacological Effects for Combating Obesity and Related Metabolic Syndromes Yuanyuan Zhang, Xiaojiao Zeng, Fan Wu, Xiaopeng Yang, Tingting Che, Yin Zheng, Jie Li, Yufei Zhang, Xinge Zhang, Zhongming Wu Nanomaterials.2024; 14(16): 1363. CrossRef
Advancements in Understanding and Preventing Obesity-Related Colon Cancer Christine Shieh, Henry J. Thompson, Eric McLaughlin, Chien-Wei Chiang, Hisham Hussan The Cancer Journal.2024; 30(5): 357. CrossRef
Differential Efficacy of Weight Loss Interventions in Patients with Versus Without Diabetes Federico Losada-Díaz, Santiago Lizarazo-Bocanegra, Juan J. Perdomo-Lugo, Sebastián A. Gutiérrez-Romero, Isabella Correa-Osio, Carlos O. Mendivil Diabetes Therapy.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Ensuring the Appropriate Use of Glucagon‐Like Peptide‐1 Receptor Agonists Kenneth Todd Moore, Aman Gupta, Jinshan Shen, Parag Kumar The Journal of Clinical Pharmacology.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
Incretin-Based Weight Loss Pharmacotherapy: Can Resistance Exercise Optimize Changes in Body Composition? João Carlos Locatelli, Juliene Gonçalves Costa, Andrew Haynes, Louise H. Naylor, P. Gerry Fegan, Bu B. Yeap, Daniel J. Green Diabetes Care.2024; 47(10): 1718. CrossRef
Efficacy of endoscopic resuturing versus pharmacotherapy to treat weight recidivism after endoscopic sleeve gastroplasty Kaveh Hajifathalian, Okeefe Simmons, Mohamed Abu-Hammour, Kamal Hassan, Reem Z. Sharaiha Gastrointestinal Endoscopy.2023; 98(6): 944. CrossRef
Gardenia fruit and Eucommia leaves combination improves hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia via pancreatic lipase and AMPK-PPARα and Keap-1-Nrf2-HO-1 regulation Xiaotong Su, Shun Hao, Wenna Li, Xu Li, Zhentao Mo, Yiqi Li, Lu Xiao, Wenjun Wang, Feng Wang Journal of Functional Foods.2023; 100: 105394. CrossRef
Targeting fatty acid synthase modulates sensitivity of hepatocellular carcinoma to sorafenib via ferroptosis Yan Li, Wenjuan Yang, Yuanyuan Zheng, Weiqi Dai, Jie Ji, Liwei Wu, Ziqi Cheng, Jie Zhang, Jingjing Li, Xuanfu Xu, Jianye Wu, Mingwei Yang, Jiao Feng, Chuanyong Guo Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Diet-induced gut dysbiosis and inflammation: Key drivers of obesity-driven NASH Gideon G. Kang, Natalie L. Trevaskis, Andrew J. Murphy, Mark A. Febbraio iScience.2023; 26(1): 105905. CrossRef
The gut microbiota in obesity and weight management: microbes as friends or foe? Matthias Van Hul, Patrice D. Cani Nature Reviews Endocrinology.2023; 19(5): 258. CrossRef
Phase I studies of the safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the dual glucagon receptor/glucagon‐like peptide‐1 receptor agonistBI456906 Arvid Jungnik, Jorge Arrubla Martinez, Leona Plum‐Mörschel, Christoph Kapitza, Daniela Lamers, Claus Thamer, Corinna Schölch, Michael Desch, Anita M. Hennige Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2023; 25(4): 1011. CrossRef
From Metabolic Syndrome to Type 2 Diabetes in Youth Dario Iafusco, Roberto Franceschi, Alice Maguolo, Salvatore Guercio Nuzio, Antonino Crinò, Maurizio Delvecchio, Lorenzo Iughetti, Claudio Maffeis, Valeria Calcaterra, Melania Manco Children.2023; 10(3): 516. CrossRef
Excess body weight: Novel insights into its roles in obesity comorbidities Xiang Zhang, Suki Ha, Harry Cheuk-Hay Lau, Jun Yu Seminars in Cancer Biology.2023; 92: 16. CrossRef
Striatal dopamine D2-like receptors availability in obesity and its modulation by bariatric surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis Gabriela Ribeiro, Ana Maia, Gonçalo Cotovio, Francisco P. M. Oliveira, Durval C. Costa, Albino J. Oliveira-Maia Scientific Reports.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Cost-effectiveness analysis of five anti-obesity medications from a US payer's perspective Ainhoa Gómez Lumbreras, Malinda S. Tan, Lorenzo Villa-Zapata, Sabrina Ilham, Jacob C. Earl, Daniel C. Malone Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular Diseases.2023; 33(6): 1268. CrossRef
Analysis of Serious Weight Gain in Patients Using Alectinib for ALK-Positive Lung Cancer Simon P. de Leeuw, Melinda A. Pruis, Barend J. Sikkema, Mostafa Mohseni, G. D. Marijn Veerman, Marthe S. Paats, Daphne W. Dumoulin, Egbert F. Smit, Annemie M.W. J. Schols, Ron H.J. Mathijssen, Elisabeth F.C. van Rossum, Anne-Marie C. Dingemans Journal of Thoracic Oncology.2023; 18(8): 1017. CrossRef
Role of flavonoids in controlling obesity: molecular targets and mechanisms Anns Mahboob, Samson Mathews Samuel, Arif Mohamed, Mohmmad Younus Wani, Sofiane Ghorbel, Nabil Miled, Dietrich Büsselberg, Ali Chaari Frontiers in Nutrition.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
The N-degron pathway mediates lipophagy: The chemical modulation of lipophagy in obesity and NAFLD Eui Jung Jung, Ki Woon Sung, Tae Hyun Bae, Hee-Yeon Kim, Ha Rim Choi, Sung Hyun Kim, Chan Hoon Jung, Su Ran Mun, Yeon Sung Son, Shin Kim, Young Ho Suh, Anna Kashina, Joo-Won Park, Yong Tae Kwon Metabolism.2023; 146: 155644. CrossRef
Bupropion Mediated Effects on Depression, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, and Smoking Cessation Austin Clark, Brendan Tate, Bretton Urban, Ryan Schroeder, Sonja Gennuso, Shahab Ahmadzadeh, David McGregor, Brook Girma, Sahar Shekoohi, Alan D. Kaye Health Psychology Research.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Recent advancements in pharmacological strategies to modulate energy balance for combating obesity Benudhara Pati, Satyabrata Sendh, Bijayashree Sahu, Sunil Pani, Nivedita Jena, Naresh Chandra Bal RSC Medicinal Chemistry.2023; 14(8): 1429. CrossRef
Management of abdominal wall hernias in patients with severe obesity Omar M. Ghanem, Sean Orenstein, S. Julie-Ann Lloyd, Amin Andalib, Alice Race, Holly Ann Burt, Farah Husain, Matthew Goldblatt, Matthew Kroh Surgical Endoscopy.2023; 37(9): 6619. CrossRef
Obesity-related hypertension and chronic kidney disease: from evaluation to management Mi-Hyang Jung, Sang-Hyun Ihm Kidney Research and Clinical Practice.2023; 42(4): 431. CrossRef
Antiepileptics pharmacotherapy or antidiabetics may hold potential in treatment of epileptic patients with diabetes mellitus: A narrative review Marwan AL-NİMER, Saeed AL-ZUHAİRY Hacettepe University Journal of the Faculty of Pharmacy.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Medicamentos antidiabéticos utilizados com a finalidade de perda de peso Sâmia Moreira de ANDRADE, Maria Victória Macedo de ANDRADE, Pedro Henrique Almeida de FARIA, Luís Marcelo Vieira ROSA, Plínio Robson Cavalcante COSTA, Luiz Gustavo Freitas PIRES Diversitas Journal.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Treatment of hypothalamic obesity in people with hypothalamic injury: new drugs are on the horizon Christian L. Roth, Anna Zenno Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
Obesity: What’s Old, What’s New and How We Manage It: An Integrated Approach in Pharmacy Practice Ângelo Jesus FarmaJournal.2023; 8(2): 45. CrossRef
Integrating Pharmacotherapy and Psychotherapy for Weight Loss Marla Sanzone, Morgan Sammons Journal of Health Service Psychology.2023; 49(4): 177. CrossRef
Effect of Lingguizhugan decoction in activating fat mobilization in obesity Yubin YANG, Yunlong WANG, Zhengbang SUN, Ting DU, Ying YANG, Jiaojiao CHEN, Meiling WANG, Hairong LI, Jian QIN Journal of Holistic Integrative Pharmacy.2022; 3(1): 68. CrossRef
Computational approaches to predicting treatment response to obesity using neuroimaging Leonard Kozarzewski, Lukas Maurer, Anja Mähler, Joachim Spranger, Martin Weygandt Reviews in Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders.2022; 23(4): 773. CrossRef
Delivery of miRNAs to the adipose organ for metabolic health Karin Kornmueller, Ez-Zoubir Amri, Marcel Scheideler, Ruth Prassl Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews.2022; 181: 114110. CrossRef
Purple sweet potato leaf extracts suppress adipogenic differentiation of human bone marrow–derived mesenchymal stem cells Masakazu Ishii, Nao Ikeda, Haruka Miyata, Manami Takahashi, Masahiro Nishimura Journal of Food Biochemistry.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
The Anti-Adiposity Mechanisms of Ampelopsin and Vine Tea Extract in High Fat Diet and Alcohol-Induced Fatty Liver Mouse Models Jianbo Wu, Kenchi Miyasaka, Wakana Yamada, Shogo Takeda, Norihito Shimizu, Hiroshi Shimoda Molecules.2022; 27(3): 607. CrossRef
Pharmacotherapeutic options in pediatric obesity: an urgent call for further research María Florencia González Bagnes, Claudio González, Valeria Hirschler, Guillermo Di Girolamo Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy.2022; 23(8): 869. CrossRef
Russelioside B: a Pregnane Glycoside with Pharmacological Potential Essam Abdel-Sattar, Dalia E. Ali Revista Brasileira de Farmacognosia.2022; 32(2): 188. CrossRef
Pharmacotherapy in Childhood Obesity Peter Kühnen, Heike Biebermann, Susanna Wiegand Hormone Research in Paediatrics.2022; 95(2): 177. CrossRef
Effects of Vinegar/Acetic Acid Intake on Appetite Measures and Energy Consumption: Systematic Review Faten O. Hasan, Kristen P. Hamilton, Siddhartha S. Angadi, Sibylle Kranz Translational Journal of the American College of Sports Medicine.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Renaming NAFLD to MAFLD: Advantages and Potential Changes in Diagnosis, Pathophysiology, Treatment, and Management Fajuan Rui, Hongli Yang, Xinyu Hu, Qi Xue, Yayun Xu, Junping Shi, Jie Li Infectious Microbes and Diseases.2022; 4(2): 49. CrossRef
Treatments for obesity in the context of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis and mental health Aadi Sharma, Somaya Albhaisi, Arun J. Sanyal Clinical Liver Disease.2022; 20(2): 48. CrossRef
A narrative review of anti-obesity medications for obese patients with osteoarthritis Win Min Oo, Ali Mobasheri, David J Hunter Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy.2022; 23(12): 1381. CrossRef
Sulfated Glucan from the Green Seaweed Caulerpa sertularioides Inhibits Adipogenesis through Suppression of Adipogenic and Lipogenic Key Factors Gildacio Chaves Filho, Lucas Batista, Silvia de Medeiros, Hugo Rocha, Susana Moreira Marine Drugs.2022; 20(8): 470. CrossRef
Clinical Impact of Semaglutide, a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonist, on Obesity Management: A Review Nasser M Alorfi, Alanood S Algarni Clinical Pharmacology: Advances and Applications.2022; Volume 14: 61. CrossRef
The Role of Gut Microbiota Modulation Strategies in Obesity: The Applications and Mechanisms Lingyue Shan, Akanksha Tyagi, Umair Shabbir, Xiuqin Chen, Selvakumar Vijayalakshmi, Pianpian Yan, Deog-Hwan Oh Fermentation.2022; 8(8): 376. CrossRef
Orlistat and ezetimibe could differently alleviate the high-fat diet-induced obesity phenotype by modulating the gut microbiota Jin Jin, Jiani Wang, Ruyue Cheng, Yan Ren, Zhonghua Miao, Yating Luo, Qingqing Zhou, Yigui Xue, Xi Shen, Fang He, Haoming Tian Frontiers in Microbiology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
N-linoleyltyrosine ameliorates high-fat diet-induced obesity in C57BL/6 mice via cannabinoid receptor regulation Zheng-yu Yang, Yi-ying Wu, Yi Zhou, Yun-qi Yang, Jia-hui Zhang, Tao He, Sha Liu Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Anti-obesity pharmacotherapy for treatment of pediatric type 2 diabetes: Review of the literature and lessons learned from adults Megan O. Bensignor, Aaron S. Kelly, Silva Arslanian Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Blockade of CXXC5-dishevelled interaction inhibits adipogenic differentiation, obesity, and insulin resistance in mice Seol Hwa Seo, Dasung Lee, Soung-Hoon Lee, Kang-Yell Choi Scientific Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of the Melanocortin 4-Receptor Ile269Asn Mutation on Weight Loss Response to Dietary, Phentermine and Bariatric Surgery Interventions Itzel G. Salazar-Valencia, Hugo Villamil-Ramírez, Francisco Barajas-Olmos, Martha Guevara-Cruz, Luis R. Macias-Kauffer, Humberto García-Ortiz, Omar Hernández-Vergara, David Alberto Díaz de Sandy-Galán, Paola León-Mimila, Federico Centeno-Cruz, Luis E. Gon Genes.2022; 13(12): 2267. CrossRef
A Nephrologist Perspective on Obesity: From Kidney Injury to Clinical Management Clara García-Carro, Ander Vergara, Sheila Bermejo, María A. Azancot, Joana Sellarés, Maria José Soler Frontiers in Medicine.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Phentermine-Induced Acute Kidney Injury Secondary to Uncontrolled Hypertension in a Patient with Weight Regain Post-bariatric Surgery Marvin Wei Jie Chua, Boon Cheok Lai Obesity Surgery.2021; 31(8): 3874. CrossRef
BMI Course Over 10 Years After Bariatric Surgery and Biopsychosocial Complexity Assessed with the INTERMED: a Retrospective Study Yann Corminboeuf, Beate Wild, Catherine Zdrojewski, Dieter Schellberg, Lucie Favre, Michel Suter, Friedrich Stiefel Obesity Surgery.2021; 31(9): 3996. CrossRef
The Role of Positron Emission Tomography in Bariatric Surgery Research: a Review Jason Bini, Mathieu Norcross, Maija Cheung, Andrew Duffy Obesity Surgery.2021; 31(10): 4592. CrossRef
Anti-Obesity Effect of Hot Water Extract of Barley Sprout through the Inhibition of Adipocyte Differentiation and Growth Myeong-Jin Kim, Hye-Won Kawk, Sang-Hyeon Kim, Hyo-Jae Lee, Ji-Won Seo, Jong-Tae Kim, Seung-Hee Jang, Min-Jeong Kim, Young-Min Kim Metabolites.2021; 11(9): 610. CrossRef
Anti-Obesity Effect of Polygalin C Isolated from Polygala japonica Houtt. via Suppression of the Adipogenic and Lipogenic Factors in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes Wona Jee, Seung-Hyeon Lee, Hyun Min Ko, Ji Hoon Jung, Won-Seok Chung, Hyeung-Jin Jang International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(19): 10405. CrossRef
The cyclin dependent kinase inhibitor Roscovitine prevents diet-induced metabolic disruption in obese mice Nabil Rabhi, Kathleen Desevin, Briana Noel Cortez, Ryan Hekman, Jean Z. Lin, Andrew Emili, Stephen R. Farmer Scientific Reports.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Chlorogenic Acids Inhibit Adipogenesis: Implications of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway Mengting Liu, Jian Qin, Jing Cong, Yubin Yang, Muhittin Yurekli International Journal of Endocrinology.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
Médicaments anti-obésité : leçons des échecs pour l’avenir André J. Scheen Médecine des Maladies Métaboliques.2021; 15(8): 734. CrossRef
Obesity and Eating Disorders in Children and Adolescents: The Bidirectional Link Stella Stabouli, Serap Erdine, Lagle Suurorg, Augustina Jankauskienė, Empar Lurbe Nutrients.2021; 13(12): 4321. CrossRef
MEK6 Overexpression Exacerbates Fat Accumulation and Inflammatory Cytokines in High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity Suyeon Lee, Myoungsook Lee International Journal of Molecular Sciences.2021; 22(24): 13559. CrossRef
Skin and obesity in childhood: an update Valeria Hirschler AIMS Medical Science.2021; 8(4): 311. CrossRef
An Avocado Extract Enriched in Mannoheptulose Prevents the Negative Effects of a High-Fat Diet in Mice Paul J. Pistell, Tadanobu Utsuki, Joseph Francis, Philip J. Ebenezer, Jennifer Terrebonne, George S. Roth, Donald K. Ingram Nutrients.2021; 14(1): 155. CrossRef