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Brief Report
Technology/Device
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Effectiveness of Predicted Low-Glucose Suspend Pump Technology in the Prevention of Hypoglycemia in People with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Real-World Data Using DIA:CONN G8
Jee Hee Yoo, Ji Yoon Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim
Received January 24, 2024  Accepted March 29, 2024  Published online August 28, 2024  
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0039    [Epub ahead of print]
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AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
We evaluated the effectiveness of the predictive low-glucose suspend (PLGS) algorithm in the DIA:CONN G8. Forty people with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) who used a DIA:CONN G8 for at least 2 months with prior experience using pumps without and with PLGS were retrospectively analyzed. The objective was to assess the changes in time spent in hypoglycemia (percent of time below range [%TBR]) before and after using PLGS. The mean age, sensor glucose levels, glucose threshold for suspension, and suspension time were 31.1±22.8 years, 159.7±23.2 mg/dL, 81.1±9.1 mg/dL, and 111.9±79.8 min/day, respectively. Overnight %TBR <70 mg/dL was significantly reduced after using the algorithm (differences=0.3%, from 1.4%±1.5% to 1.1%±1.2%, P=0.045). The glycemia risk index (GRI) improved significantly by 4.2 (from 38.8±20.9 to 34.6±19.0, P=0.002). Using the PLGS did not result in a change in the hyperglycemia metric (all P>0.05). Our findings support the PLGS in DIA:CONN G8 as an effective algorithm to improve night-time hypoglycemia and GRI in people with T1DM.
Short Communication
Technology/Device
A 4-Week, Two-Center, Open-Label, Single-Arm Study to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of EOPatch in Well-Controlled Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
Jiyun Park, Nammi Park, Sangjin Han, You-Bin Lee, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Woo Je Lee, Jae Hyeon Kim
Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(6):941-947.   Published online March 8, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0299
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  • 293 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
This study evaluated the safety and efficacy of tubeless patch pump called EOPatch in patients with well-controlled type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This 4-week, two-center, open-label, single-arm study enrolled 10 adult patients diagnosed with T1DM with glycosylated hemoglobin less than 7.5%. The co-primary end points were patch pump usage time for one attachment and number of serious adverse events related to the patch pump. The secondary end points were total amount of insulin injected per patch and changes in glycemic parameters including continuous glucose monitoring data compared to those at study entry. The median usage time per patch was 84.00 hours (interquartile range, 64.50 to 92.50). Serious adverse events did not occur during the trial. Four weeks later, time in range 70 to 180 mg/dL was significantly improved (70.71%±17.14 % vs. 82.96%±9.14%, P=0.01). The times spent below range (<54 mg/dL) and above range (>180 mg/dL) also improved (All P<0.05). Four-week treatment with a tubeless patch pump was safe and led to clinical improvement in glycemic control.

Citations

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Brief Report
Technology/Device
Article image
Do-It-Yourself Open Artificial Pancreas System in Children and Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Real-World Data
Min Sun Choi, Seunghyun Lee, Jiwon Kim, Gyuri Kim, Sung Min Park, Jae Hyeon Kim
Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(1):154-159.   Published online November 23, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0011
  • 6,038 View
  • 208 Download
  • 5 Web of Science
  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Few studies have been conducted among Asian children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) using do-it-yourself artificial pancreas system (DIY-APS). We evaluated real-world data of pediatric T1DM patients using DIY-APS. Data were obtained for 10 patients using a DIY-APS with algorithms. We collected sensor glucose and insulin delivery data from each participant for a period of 4 weeks. Average glycosylated hemoglobin was 6.2%±0.3%. The mean percentage of time that glucose level remained in the target range of 70 to 180 mg/dL was 82.4%±7.8%. Other parameters including time above range, time below range and mean glucose were also within the recommended level, similar to previous commercial and DIY-APS studies. However, despite meeting the target range, unadjusted gaps were still observed between the median basal setting and temporary basal insulin, which should be handled by healthcare providers.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
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Review
Technology/Device
Article image
Current Advances of Artificial Pancreas Systems: A Comprehensive Review of the Clinical Evidence
Sun Joon Moon, Inha Jung, Cheol-Young Park
Diabetes Metab J. 2021;45(6):813-839.   Published online November 22, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0177
  • 17,111 View
  • 887 Download
  • 40 Web of Science
  • 39 Crossref
Graphical AbstractGraphical Abstract AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Since Banting and Best isolated insulin in the 1920s, dramatic progress has been made in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). However, dose titration and timely injection to maintain optimal glycemic control are often challenging for T1DM patients and their families because they require frequent blood glucose checks. In recent years, technological advances in insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitoring systems have created paradigm shifts in T1DM care that are being extended to develop artificial pancreas systems (APSs). Numerous studies that demonstrate the superiority of glycemic control offered by APSs over those offered by conventional treatment are still being published, and rapid commercialization and use in actual practice have already begun. Given this rapid development, keeping up with the latest knowledge in an organized way is confusing for both patients and medical staff. Herein, we explore the history, clinical evidence, and current state of APSs, focusing on various development groups and the commercialization status. We also discuss APS development in groups outside the usual T1DM patients and the administration of adjunct agents, such as amylin analogues, in APSs.

Citations

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Short Communication
Type 1 Diabetes
Article image
Real-World Analysis of Therapeutic Outcome in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus at a Tertiary Care Center
Antonia Kietaibl, Michaela Riedl, Latife Bozkurt
Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(1):149-153.   Published online July 6, 2021
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2020.0267
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Insulin replacement in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) needs intensified treatment, which can either be performed by multiple daily injections (MDI) or continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). This retrospective analysis of a real-world scenario aimed to evaluate whether glycaemic and cardiovascular risk factors could be controlled with CSII outclass MDI as suggested by recent evidence. Data from patients with either insulin pump (n=68) or injection (n=224) therapy at an Austrian tertiary care centre were analysed between January 2016 and December 2017. There were no significant differences with regard to the latest glycosylated hemoglobin, cardiovascular risk factor control or diabetes-associated late complications. Hypoglycaemia was less frequent (P<0.001), sensor-augmented therapy was more common (P=0.003) and mean body mass index (BMI) was higher (P=0.002) with CSII treatment. This retrospective analysis of real-world data in T1DM did not demonstrate the superiority of insulin pump treatment with regard to glycaemic control or cardiovascular risk factor control.
Review
Others
Continuous Glucose Monitoring Sensors for Diabetes Management: A Review of Technologies and Applications
Giacomo Cappon, Martina Vettoretti, Giovanni Sparacino, Andrea Facchinetti
Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(4):383-397.   Published online July 25, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2019.0121
  • 26,373 View
  • 1,152 Download
  • 203 Web of Science
  • 209 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   

By providing blood glucose (BG) concentration measurements in an almost continuous-time fashion for several consecutive days, wearable minimally-invasive continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) sensors are revolutionizing diabetes management, and are becoming an increasingly adopted technology especially for diabetic individuals requiring insulin administrations. Indeed, by providing glucose real-time insights of BG dynamics and trend, and being equipped with visual and acoustic alarms for hypo- and hyperglycemia, CGM devices have been proved to improve safety and effectiveness of diabetes therapy, reduce hypoglycemia incidence and duration, and decrease glycemic variability. Furthermore, the real-time availability of BG values has been stimulating the realization of new tools to provide patients with decision support to improve insulin dosage tuning and infusion. The aim of this paper is to offer an overview of current literature and future possible developments regarding CGM technologies and applications. In particular, first, we outline the technological evolution of CGM devices through the last 20 years. Then, we discuss about the current use of CGM sensors from patients affected by diabetes, and, we report some works proving the beneficial impact provided by the adoption of CGM. Finally, we review some recent advanced applications for diabetes treatment based on CGM sensors.

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Diabetes Metab J : Diabetes & Metabolism Journal
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