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Association between Variability of Metabolic Risk Factors and Cardiometabolic Outcomes
Min Jeong Park, Kyung Mook Choi
Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(1):49-62.   Published online January 27, 2022
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0316
  • 6,910 View
  • 248 Download
  • 6 Web of Science
  • 11 Crossref
Graphical AbstractGraphical Abstract AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   ePub   
Despite strenuous efforts to reduce cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk by improving cardiometabolic risk factors, such as glucose and cholesterol levels, and blood pressure, there is still residual risk even in patients reaching treatment targets. Recently, researchers have begun to focus on the variability of metabolic variables to remove residual risks. Several clinical trials and cohort studies have reported a relationship between the variability of metabolic parameters and CVDs. Herein, we review the literature regarding the effect of metabolic factor variability and CVD risk, and describe possible mechanisms and potential treatment perspectives for reducing cardiometabolic risk factor variability.

Citations

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  • 4-week results of “Linni Slim” synbiotic in patients with metabolic syndrome
    A. S. Rudoy, N. N. Silivinchik
    Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology.2024; (3): 87.     CrossRef
  • Association between weight loss and cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in Korea: A nationwide cohort study
    So Yoon Kwon, Gyuri Kim, Seohyun Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2024; 214: 111767.     CrossRef
  • Identifying Personal and Lifestyle Determinants Associated With Glycemic Variability Among Healthy Non-Diabetes Adults
    SuJin Song
    CardioMetabolic Syndrome Journal.2024; 4(2): 93.     CrossRef
  • Новий сучасний скринінговий комплекс профілактичної медицини
    M.S. Cherska, S.V. Kutsevlyak
    Endokrynologia.2024; 29(3): 207.     CrossRef
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    Zekai Chen, Lin Zhu
    Frontiers in Physiology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    So Yoon Kwon, Gyuri Kim, Jungkuk Lee, Jiyun Park, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2023; 199: 110666.     CrossRef
  • Association between lipid variability and the risk of mortality in cancer patients not receiving lipid-lowering agents
    Seohyun Kim, Gyuri Kim, So Hyun Cho, Rosa Oh, Ji Yoon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Frontiers in Oncology.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between visit-to-visit lipid variability and risk of ischemic heart disease: a cohort study in China
    Yonghao Wu, Peng Shen, Lisha Xu, Zongming Yang, Yexiang Sun, Luhua Yu, Zhanghang Zhu, Tiezheng Li, Dan Luo, Hongbo Lin, Liming Shui, Mengling Tang, Mingjuan Jin, Kun Chen, Jianbing Wang
    Endocrine.2023; 84(3): 914.     CrossRef
  • Variability of Metabolic Risk Factors: Causative Factor or Epiphenomenon?
    Hye Jin Yoo
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2022; 46(2): 257.     CrossRef
  • Long-Term Variability in Physiological Measures in Relation to Mortality and Epigenetic Aging: Prospective Studies in the US and China
    Hui Chen, Tianjing Zhou, Shaowei Wu, Yaying Cao, Geng Zong, Changzheng Yuan
    SSRN Electronic Journal .2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
Original Articles
The Association between Serum GGT Concentration and Diabetic Peripheral Polyneuropathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Ho Chan Cho
Korean Diabetes J. 2010;34(2):111-118.   Published online April 30, 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.2.111
  • 5,794 View
  • 61 Download
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Diabetic peripheral polyneuropathy (DPP) is one of the common complications of diabetes mellitus (DM) and can lead to foot ulcers or amputation. The pathophysiology of DPP includes several factors such as metabolic, vascular, autoimmune, oxidative stress and neurohormonal growth-factor deficiency and recent studies have suggested the use of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) as an early marker of oxidative stress. Therefore, we investigated whether serum GGT may be useful in predicting DPP.

Methods

We assessed 90 patients with type 2 DM who were evaluated for the presence of DPP using clnical neurologic examinations including nerve conduction velocity studies. We evaluated the association between serum GGT and the presence of DPP.

Results

The prevalence of DPP was 40% (36 cases) according to clinical neurological examinations. The serum GGT concentration was significantly elevated in type 2 diabetic patients with DPP compared to patients without DPP (P < 0.01). There were other factors significantly associated with DPP including smoking (P = 0.019), retinopathy (P = 0.014), blood pressure (P < 0.05), aspartate aminotransferase (P = 0.022), C-reactive protein (P = 0.036) and urine microalbumin/creatinine ratio (P = 0.004). Serum GGT was independently related with DPP according to multiple logistic analysis (P < 0.01).

Conclusion

This study shows that increased levels of serum GGT may have important clinical implications in the presence of DPP in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Citations

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  • A Longitudinal Increase in Serum Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase Levels, but Not in Alanine Aminotransferase Levels, Improves the Prediction of Risk of Impaired Fasting Glucose in Male
    Jisoon Im, Susie Jung, Yuri Yang, Kyu-Nam Kim
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2025;[Epub]     CrossRef
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    Hye Ah Lee, Hyesook Park, Young Sun Hong
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    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
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The Effect of Gamma-Glutamyltransferase on Impaired Fasting Glucose or Type 2 Diabetes in Korean Men.
Tae Yeon Kim, Do Hoon Kim, Chang Hae Park, Kyung Hwan Cho, Seung Hwan Lee, Hyuk Ga, Hwan cheol Kim
Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(3):215-224.   Published online June 1, 2009
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.3.215
  • 2,494 View
  • 27 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
We sought to determine the association between serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) levels within the normal range and the risk for development of impaired fasting glucose (IFG) or type 2 diabetes. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study spanned four years (2002~2006) with 1,717 Korean men who underwent periodic health examinations at a university hospital in Incheon, Korea and were not diagnosed with IFG or type 2 diabetes. Fasting plasma glucose levels were measured at the annual health examination. IFG and diabetes were defined as a serum fasting glucose concentration of 100~125 mg/dL and more than 126 mg/dL, respectively. Cox's proportional hazards model was used to evaluate the association between serum GGT levels and development of IFG or type 2 diabetes. RESULTS: There was a strong dose-response relationship between serum GGT levels and the incidence of IFG and diabetes. A total of 570 cases (33.2%) of incident IFG and 50 cases (2.9%) of diabetes were found. After controlling potential predictors, the relative risks for the incidence of IFG for GGT levels < or = 19, 20~25, 26~34, 35~50 and > or = 51 were 1.00, 0.99, 1.17, 1.23 and 1.38 respectively (P for trend 0.015), and for the incidence of diabetes were 1.00, 1.44, 1.80, 2.55 and 2.58 respectively (P for trend 0.050). CONCLUSION: The risk for development of IFG and type 2 diabetes increased in a dose-dependent manner as serum GGT increased within its normal range in Korean men.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Evaluation of Serum Gamma Glutamyl Transferase Levels in Diabetic Patients With and Without Retinopathy
    Neda Valizadeh, Rasoul Mohammadi, Alireza Mehdizadeh, Qader Motarjemizadeh, Hamid Reza Khalkhali
    Shiraz E-Medical Journal.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef

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