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Impact of HbA1c Criterion on the Detection of Subjects with Increased Risk for Diabetes among Health Check-Up Recipients in Korea
Hong-Kyu Kim, Sung-Jin Bae, Jaeone Choe
Diabetes Metab J. 2012;36(2):151-156.   Published online April 17, 2012
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2012.36.2.151
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

We performed the study to examine the impact of hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) criterion on the screening of increased risk for diabetes among health check-up subjects in Korea.

Methods

We retrospectively analyzed clinical and laboratory data of 37,754 Korean adults (age, 20 to 89 years; 41% women) which were measured during regular health check-ups. After excluding subjects with previously diagnosed diabetes mellitus (n=1,812) and with overt anemia (n=318), 35,624 subjects (21,201 men and 14,423 women) were included in the analysis.

Results

Among the 35,624 subjects, 11,316 (31.8%) subjects were categorized as increased risk for diabetes (IRD) by fasting plasma glucose (FPG) criteria, 6,531 (18.1%) subjects by HbA1c criteria, and 13,556 (38.1%) subjects by combined criteria. Therefore, although HbA1c criteria alone identifies 42% [(11,316-6,531)/11,316] fewer subjects with IRD than does FPG criteria, about 20% [(13,556-11,316)/11,316] more subjects could be detected by including new HbA1c criteria in addition to FPG criteria. Among the 13,556 subjects with IRD, 7,025 (51.8%) met FPG criteria only, 2,240 (16.5%) met HbA1c criteria only, and 4,291 (31.7%) met both criteria. Among subjects with impaired fasting glucose, 65% were normal, 32% were IRD, and 3% were diabetes by HbA1c criterion. In receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, cutoff point of HbA1c with optimal sensitivity and specificity for identifying IRD was 5.4%.

Conclusion

Although HbA1c criteria alone identifies fewer subjects with IRD than does FPG criteria, about 20% more could be detected by addition of HbA1c criteria. Further studies are needed to define optimal cutoff point of HbA1c and to establish screening and management guidelines for IRD.

Citations

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  • The Relationship Between HbA1c and 25-hidroxy Vitamin D Levels in Adult Diabetic Patients
    Mehmet ÖZDİN, Durhasan MUNDAN
    Van Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi.2023; 16(1): 25.     CrossRef
  • Association between Prediabetes and Meal Patterns Related to Meal Sharing among Korean Young Adults: Eighth Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2019–2020
    Saebom Kim, Sehee Kim, Youngmin Kim, Seonmi Seo, Yu Jin Chung, Sam Cheol Kim
    Korean Journal of Family Practice.2023; 13(3): 179.     CrossRef
  • Does reviewing fasting plasma glucose results patterns before glycosylated hemoglobin testing in type-2 diabetic patients lead to better testing decision?
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  • Development of type 2 diabetes mellitus in people with intermediate hyperglycaemia
    Bernd Richter, Bianca Hemmingsen, Maria-Inti Metzendorf, Yemisi Takwoingi
    Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.2018;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluation of different ranges of LH:FSH ratios in polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) – Clinical based case control study
    N.A. Malini, K. Roy George
    General and Comparative Endocrinology.2018; 260: 51.     CrossRef
  • The Cutoff Value of HbA1c in Predicting Diabetes and Impaired Fasting Glucose
    Seyoung Kwon, Youngak Na
    The Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science.2017; 49(2): 114.     CrossRef
  • Risk of progression to diabetes from prediabetes defined by HbA1c or fasting plasma glucose criteria in Koreans
    Chul-Hee Kim, Hong-Kyu Kim, Eun-Hee Kim, Sung-Jin Bae, Jaewon Choe, Joong-Yeol Park
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2016; 118: 105.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of the clinical characteristics of diabetes mellitus diagnosed using fasting plasma glucose and haemoglobin A1c: The 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey
    Sangmo Hong, Jun Goo Kang, Chul Sik Kim, Seong Jin Lee, Chang Beom Lee, Sung-Hee Ihm
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2016; 113: 23.     CrossRef
  • Association of prediabetes, defined by fasting glucose, HbA1c only, or combined criteria, with the risk of cardiovascular disease in Koreans
    Hong‐Kyu Kim, Jung Bok Lee, Seon Ha Kim, Min‐Woo Jo, Eun Hee Kim, Jenie Yoonoo Hwang, Sung Jin Bae, Chang Hee Jung, Woo Je Lee, Joong‐Yeol Park, Gyung‐Min Park, Young‐Hak Kim, Jaewon Choe
    Journal of Diabetes.2016; 8(5): 657.     CrossRef
  • Fasting plasma glucose concentrations for specified HbA1c goals in Korean populations: data from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-2, 2011)
    Sangmo Hong, Jun Goo Kang, Chul Sik Kim, Seong Jin Lee, Chang Beom Lee, Sung-Hee Ihm
    Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Impact of hemoglobin A1c‐based criterion on diagnosis of prediabetes: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011
    Chul‐Hee Kim, Hong‐Kyu Kim, Bo‐Yeon Kim, Chan‐Hee Jung, Ji‐Oh Mok, Sung‐Koo Kang
    Journal of Diabetes Investigation.2015; 6(1): 51.     CrossRef
  • Effects of diabetes definition on global surveillance of diabetes prevalence and diagnosis: a pooled analysis of 96 population-based studies with 331 288 participants
    G Danaei, S Fahimi, Y Lu, B Zhou, K Hajifathalian, M Di Cesare, WC Lo, B Reis-Santos, MJ Cowan, JE Shaw, J Bentham, JK Lin, H Bixby, D Magliano, P Bovet, JJ Miranda, YH Khang, GA Stevens, LM Riley, MK Ali, M Ezzati, ZA Abdeen, KA Kadir, M Abu-Rmeileh, B A
    The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology.2015; 3(8): 624.     CrossRef
  • Prediabetes is not independently associated with microalbuminuria in Korean general population: The Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011–2012 (KNHANES V-2,3)
    Chul-Hee Kim, Kyu-Jin Kim, Bo-Yeon Kim, Chan-Hee Jung, Ji-Oh Mok, Sung-Koo Kang, Hong-Kyu Kim
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2014; 106(2): e18.     CrossRef
  • Estimation of blood glucose by non-invasive infrared thermography for diagnosis of type 2 diabetes: An alternative for blood sample extraction
    S. Sivanandam, M. Anburajan, B. Venkatraman, M. Menaka, D. Sharath
    Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology.2013; 367(1-2): 57.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of glycated hemoglobin with fasting plasma glucose in definition of glycemic component of the metabolic syndrome in an Iranian population
    Mohsen Janghorbani, Masoud Amini
    Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2012; 6(3): 136.     CrossRef
  • Usefulness of Glycated Hemoglobin as Diagnostic Criteria for Metabolic Syndrome
    Sang Hyun Park, Ji Sung Yoon, Kyu Chang Won, Hyoung Woo Lee
    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2012; 27(9): 1057.     CrossRef
  • Letter: Impact of HbA1c Criterion on the Detection of Subjects with Increased Risk for Diabetes among Health Check-Up Recipients in Korea (Diabetes Metab J 2012;36:151-6)
    Sung Hee Choi
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2012; 36(3): 251.     CrossRef
Efficacy of Sitagliptin When Added to Ongoing Therapy in Korean Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Hye Soo Chung, Moon-Kyu Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(4):411-417.   Published online August 31, 2011
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.4.411
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AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

To evaluate the clinical efficacy of sitagliptin for reducing plasma glucose levels in Korean subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus during a 14-week treatment period.

Methods

Our study design involved the addition of 100 mg sitagliptin once-daily to three ongoing combination therapy regimens and changing from glimepiride and metformin to sitagliptin and metformin.

Results

The addition of sitagliptin 100 mg/day produced a statistically significant reduction in mean HbA1c level (mean HbA1c reduction of 0.99±0.85%, P<0.01). In the group taking a combination of sitagliptin and metformin (n=143, initial mean HbA1c level=7.48%), the reductions in HbA1c, 2-hour postprandial glucose, and fasting glucose levels were 0.72±0.76% (P<0.01), 47±65 mg/dL (P<0.01), and 15±44 mg/dL (P<0.01), respectively. In the group taking a combination of sitagliptin, glimepiride, and metformin (n=125, initial mean HbA1c level=8.42%), the reductions in HbA1c, 2-hour postprandial glucose, and fasting glucose levels were 1.09±0.86% (P<0.01), 62±64 mg/dL (P<0.01), and 31±45 mg/dL (P<0.01), respectively. In the group taking a combination of sitagliptin, glimepiride, metformin, and α-glucosidase inhibitor (n=63, initial mean HbA1c level=9.19%), the reductions in HbA1c, 2-hour postprandial glucose, and fasting glucose levels were 1.27±0.70% (P<0.01), 72±65 mg/dL (P<0.01), and 35±51 mg/dL (P<0.01), respectively. In the group that had previous hypoglycemic events and that changed from glimepiride to sitagliptin, HbA1c level did not change but fasting glucose increased significantly (14±29 mg/dL, P<0.01).

Conclusion

Sitagliptin combination therapy for 14 weeks significantly improved glycemic control and was well-tolerated in Korean subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Citations

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    BMC Endocrine Disorders.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of sitagliptin/metformin fixed‐dose combination compared with glimepiride in patients with type 2 diabetes: A multicenter randomized double‐blind study
    Sang Soo Kim, In Joo Kim, Kwang Jae Lee, Jeong Hyun Park, Young Il Kim, Young Sil Lee, Sung Chang Chung, Sang Jin Lee
    Journal of Diabetes.2017; 9(4): 412.     CrossRef
  • Optimal Candidates for the Switch from Glimepiride to Sitagliptin to Reduce Hypoglycemia in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2015; 30(1): 84.     CrossRef
  • Effectiveness and safety of glimepiride and iDPP4, associated with metformin in second line pharmacotherapy of type 2 diabetes mellitus: systematic review and meta‐analysis
    JM. Amate, T. Lopez‐Cuadrado, N. Almendro, C. Bouza, Z. Saz‐Parkinson, R. Rivas‐Ruiz, J. Gonzalez‐Canudas
    International Journal of Clinical Practice.2015; 69(3): 292.     CrossRef
  • Clinical Characteristics and Metabolic Predictors of Rapid Responders to Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor as an Add-on Therapy to Sulfonylurea and Metformin
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    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2015; 39(6): 489.     CrossRef
  • Sitagliptin for Elderly Patients Aged 75 Years or Older with Inadequately Controlled Type 2 Diabetes with Common Antidiabetes Treatments
    Katsunori Suzuki, Yurie Mistuma, Takaaki Sato, Mariko Hatta
    International Journal of Clinical Medicine.2015; 06(09): 672.     CrossRef
  • Short‐ and long‐term effect of sitagliptin after near normalization of glycemic control with insulin in poorly controlled Japanese type 2 diabetic patients
    Keiko Fujisawa, Tetsuyuki Yasuda, Hideaki Kaneto, Naoto Katakami, Mayumi Tsuji, Fumiyo Kubo, Shugo Sasaki, Kazuyuki Miyashita, Toyoko Naka, Ryuuichi Kasami, Akio Kuroda, Munehide Matsuhisa, Iichiro Shimomura
    Journal of Diabetes Investigation.2014; 5(5): 548.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy and safety of vildagliptin, Saxagliptin or Sitagliptin as add-on therapy in Chinese patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with dual combination of traditional oral hypoglycemic agents
    Chun-Jun Li, Xiao-Juan Liu, Lian Bai, Qian Yu, Qiu-Mei Zhang, Pei Yu, De-Min Yu
    Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome.2014;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Tolerability, effectiveness and predictive parameters for the therapeutic usefulness of exenatide in obese, Korean patients with type 2 diabetes
    Sun Ok Song, Kwang Joon Kim, Byung‐Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong Soo Cha, Hyun Chul Lee
    Journal of Diabetes Investigation.2014; 5(5): 554.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of vildagliptin on glucose fluctuation in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients with ongoing sulfonylurea based oral glycemic agent therapy
    Keiji Yoshioka, Haruhiko Isotani, Shin-ichiro Ohashi, Minoru Imamura
    Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2013; 7(1): 32.     CrossRef
  • Glimepiride Strongly Enhances the Glucose-Lowering Effect in Triple Oral Antidiabetes Therapy with Sitagliptin and Metformin for Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Keiko Arai, Hajime Maeda, Sin-ichiro Sirabe, Ritsuko Yamamoto, Mikio Yamauchi, Tetsuyuki Hirao, Setsuko Hirao, Koichi Hirao
    Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics.2013; 15(4): 335.     CrossRef
  • Efficacy of sitagliptin on blood glucose fluctuation in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients with basal-supported oral therapy
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    Endocrine Journal.2012; 59(12): 1131.     CrossRef
Evaluation of Fasting Plasma Glucose as a Screening for Diabetes Mellitus in Middle-aged Adults of Naju Country.
Jin Hwa Kim, Mi Ah Han, Chol Jin Park, Il Goo Park, Ji Hye Shin, Sang Yong Kim, So Yeon Ryu, Hak Yeon Bae
Korean Diabetes J. 2008;32(4):328-337.   Published online August 1, 2008
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2008.32.4.328
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  • 5 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
The criteria for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus have been modified by the American Diabetes Association (ADA) in 1997. The ADA proposed that the diagnosis of diabetes be defined by a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) of 7.0 mmol/L. Disagreement has been reported between criteria based on FPG and postchallenge 2-h plasma glucose (2-h PG). The aim of the present study is to assess the FPG criteria as the diagnostic screening test for diabetes in Korean middle-aged adults in comparison to the 2-h PG criteria. METHODS: Randomly selected 1,731 subjects (679 men and 1,052 women) aged 40~70 years (mean age: 58.4 +/- 7.89 years) without previously diagnosed diabetes completed 75 g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). We assessed the prevalence of diabetes mellitus and the level of agreement (kappa statistics) according to the different diagnostic glucose categories. RESULTS: The frequency of newly diagnosed diabetes was 2.7% (n = 51) using the FPG criteria only; 6.4% (n = 120) using the 2-h PG criteria only; and 6.9% (n = 130) using concentrations of > or = 7.0 mmol/L for FPG or > or = 11.1 mmol/L for 2-h PG. Of the 120 subjects with diabetes by the 2-h PG criteria, 65.8% (n = 79) were not diagnosed with diabetes according to FPG concentration. The level of agreement between two diagnostic criteria was low (kappa = 0.268). The receiver operating characterstic (ROC) curve analysis determined FPG of 5.6 mmol/L to yield optimal sensitivity and specificity corresponding to 2-h PG 11.1 mmol/L. CONCLUSION: The findings in this study demonstrate that the discordance between the FPG and 2-h PG criteria in the diagnosis of diabetes in Korean middle-aged adults is large. We suggest that IFG group (FPG 5.6~6.9 mmol/L) were performed 75 g OGTT for diagnosing diabetes mellitus in Korean middle-aged adults.

Citations

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  • The Distribution and Characteristics of Abnormal Findings Regarding Fasting Plasma Glucose and HbA1c - Based on Adults Except for Known Diabetes
    Seyoung Kwon, Youngak Na
    The Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science.2017; 49(3): 239.     CrossRef
  • Gender differences in metabolic syndrome components among the Korean 66-year-old population with metabolic syndrome
    Sangjin Lee, Young Ko, Chanyeong Kwak, Eun-shil Yim
    BMC Geriatrics.2016;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • 2011 Clinical Practice Guidelines for Type 2 Diabetes in Korea
    Seung-Hyun Ko, Sung-Rea Kim, Dong-Joon Kim, Seung-Joon Oh, Hye-Jin Lee, Kang-Hee Shim, Mi-Hye Woo, Jun-Young Kim, Nan-Hee Kim, Jae-Taik Kim, Chong Hwa Kim, Hae Jin Kim, In-Kyung Jeong, Eun-Kyung Hong, Jae-Hyoung Cho, Ji-Oh Mok, Kun-Ho Yoon
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(5): 431.     CrossRef
  • Associated Factors of Impaired Fasting Glucose in Some Korean Rural Adults
    Hye Eun Yun, Mi-ah Han, Ki Soon Kim, Jong Park, Myeng Guen Kang, So Yeon Ryu
    Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health.2010; 43(4): 309.     CrossRef
  • Comparing Survival Functions with Doubly Interval-Censored Data: An Application to Diabetes Surveyed by Korean Cancer Prevention Study
    Sun-Ha Jee, Chung-Mo Nam, Jin-Heum Kim
    Korean Journal of Applied Statistics.2009; 22(3): 595.     CrossRef
The Appropriteness of New ADA Diagnostin Criteria for Diabetes Mellitus in Korean Population.
Moon kyu Lee, Myung Shik Lee, Young Ki Min, Sung Hoon Kim, Byoung Joon Kim, Dong Jun Kim, Jong Ryeal Hahm, Eun Young Oh, Yun Jae Chung, Kyoung Ah Kim, Jae Hoon Chung, Kwang Won Kim
Korean Diabetes J. 1999;23(3):336-351.   Published online January 1, 2001
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
The ADA has proposed a new diagnostic criteria for diabetes based on fasting plasma glucose, redefining diabetes as fasting plasma glucose 7.0 mmol/L. Since only a few studies for the appropriateness of tbis new ADA criteria were undertaken in the Korean population, we examined the appropriateness of the new ADA criteria by analyzing the results of oral glucose tolerance tests done in our hospital. METHODS: 507 oral glucose tolerance tests were conducted. Cases with diabetes and diseases that could affect the glucose tolerance were excluded. Plasma glucose was measured by the hexokinase method. Three groups of NGT, IGT, and DM by the WHO criteria of 2 hour-plasma glucose were redivided at each level of fasting plasma glucose. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of each level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and the FPG value of maximum accuracy to diagnose diabetes with reference to the WHO criteria of 2 hour-plasma glucose. RESULTS: Correlation between the levels of fasting plasma glucose and 2 hour-plasma glucose was relatively low (r=0.676). FPG of 7.0 mmol/L for diagnosing diabetes was relatively specific (specificity=0.934), but not sensitive (sensitivity= 0.552). FPG value of maximum accuracy for diagnosing diabetes was 6.8 mmol/L. 39 % of IFG (> 6.1mmol/L and < 7.0mmol/L) was reclassified as diabetes by the criteria of 2 hour plasma glucose 11.1 mmol/L and 34 % of NFG (<6.1mmol/L) was reclassified as impaired glucose tolerance by the criteria of 2 hour plasma glucose > 7.8 mmol/L. CONCLUSION: The fasting plasma glucose of 7.0 mmol/L was relatively specific for diagnosing diabetes. However, the new ADA criteria tended to underestimate the prevalence of diabetes and impaired glucose tolerance in the Korean population. Therefore, oral glucose tolerance test may be needed to diagnose diabetes in high risk subjects. Large-scale cross-sectional and prospective studies will be needed to clarify these points.
Estimation of Cut-off Point of Fasting Blood Glucose Predicting Pancreaticbeta-cell Decompensation During Oral Glucose Tolerance Test.
Mi Deok Lee, Hong Seung Kim, Young Uk Kim, Young Goo Shin, Chang Ho Song, Young Jun Won, Choon Hee Chung
Korean Diabetes J. 1998;22(4):513-521.   Published online January 1, 2001
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
The secretory dysfunction of pancreatic B-cell is one of the important in the pathogenesis of NIDDM. And the conversion from IGT to DM is developed by the exhaustion and decompensation of 0-cell. So our purp was estimating the cut-off point of fasting blood sugar predicting B-cell decompensation during OGTT. METHOD: The clinical characteristics and anthropometric parameters were determined in all subjects. 75 g ora] glucose tolerance tests were performed with serial blood sampling to measure plasma glucose levels, insulin and C-peptide levels. And we calcolated insulin response areas and C-peptide response areas. RESULTS: l) The basal C-peptide levels were elevated in IG1' and DM group. however, post-load 30min C-peptide and 30min insulin levels were significantly decreased in DM group compared with normal and IGl. 2) IGT group showed the highest C-peptide response areas among three groups. 3) The relationships between fasting plasma glucose, C-peptide & insulin levels showed that basal C-peptide level had turning point at 6.7 mmol/L of fastiing glucose, basal insulin level at 6.5 mmol/L, 30 min C-peptide at 6.2 mmol/1, 30 min insulin at 5.8 mmol/L and C-peptide response area at 7.0 mmol/L. Conclusion : Above result suggest that the fasting plasma glucose of 7.0 mmol/L may be the cut-off point of pancreatic B-cell decompensation.
Evaluation of Fasting Plasma Glucose to Diagnose Diabetes in Yonchon County.
Young Joo Park, In Kyoung Chung, Chan Soo Shin, Kyong Soo Park, Seong Yeon Kim, Hong Kyu Lee, Sun Ja Kwon
Korean Diabetes J. 1998;22(3):372-380.   Published online January 1, 2001
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Recently, many studies were performed to evaluate the diagnostic value of fasting plasma glucose to diagnose diabetes, and the diagnostic criteria were revised by ADA in 1997 to avoid discrepancy between the fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 hour post-load plasma glucose(2hPG) cutpoint values after 75g oral glucose loading and to alsc facilitate and encourage the use of test for diagnosing diabetes. This study was performed to assess the performance of different cutpoint of fasting plasma glucose in the diagnosis of diabetes and to compare the prevalence and incidence of diabetes using revised 1997 ADA FPG criterion with those using 1985 WHO criteria in Yonchon County of Korea. METHODS: Two thousand three hundred fifty-six subjects who participated in population based cross-sectional study in Yonchon County in 1993. We have also analysed the data from 1141 subjects who were non-diabetic in 1993 and participated in the follow-up survey in 1995. The relationship between FPG and 2hPG were determined using sensitivity, specificity and the prevalence of diabetes according to FPG and/or 2hPG values. We have determined the prevalence and the incidence of diabetes using the ADA criterion. RESULTS: Based on WHO criteria, a FPG of 6.1 mmol/L(110mg/dL) was determined to yield optimal sensitivity(83.6%) and specificity(82.4%), but it showed low positive predictive value(27.2%) and high prevalence(24.5%). The FPG cutpoint which showed same prevalence with the criterion ot the 2hPG >11.1mmol/L(87 in 2251) was 7.4mmol/L (133mg/dL, 87 in 2251), The crude prevalence of diabetes and impaired fasting glucose by ADA criterion were 9.6% and 14.9%, respectively, where as the crude prevalence of diabetes and IGT were 9.4% and 11.5% by WHO criteria. The crude incidence of diabetes was 5.1% as defined by ADA criterion and 34.4% of subjects who showed impaired fasting glucose in 1993 converted to diabetes in 1995, whereas the incidence was 2.5% by WHO criteria and 13% of IGT subjeets converted to diabetes in 2 years. Conclusions: The adequate cutpoint for FPG seems to lie between 6.1mmol/L and 7.4mmol/L. The 1997 ADA criterion of the FPG > 7.0mmol/L produced similar prevalence and higher incidence than those obtained from 1985 WHO criteria and the former seems to be better to detect the risk group who may progress to diabetes.
Comparison of the New Diagnostic Criteria for Diabetes Mellitus Recommended by the Expert Committee of the American Diabetes Association with the Criteria by the NDDG or WHO in Koreans with Fasting Plasma Glucose between 110 and 139 mg / dL.
Yeo Joo Kim, Moon Suk Nam, Mi Rim Kim, Yong Seong Kim, Kwan Woo Lee, Hyeon Man Kim, Choon Hee Chung, Su Youn Nam, Bong Soo Cha, Kyung Rae Kim, Hyun Chul Lee, Sam Kweon, Yong Wook Cho, Kap Bum Huh
Korean Diabetes J. 1998;22(2):209-217.   Published online January 1, 2001
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AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
The current diagnostic criteria for diabetes mellitus announced by National Diabetes Data Group(NDDG) in 1979 were revised by Expert Committee of World Health Organization(WHO) in both 1980 and 1985. However, according to advancement in the knowledge of the etiology and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus, the International Expert Committee working under the sponsorship of the American Diabetes Association(ADA) decided to adopt the resolution proposing that the criteria of fasting glucose level applied to diagnosis of diabetes mellitus should be lowered at the 57 ADA conference held in Boston, USA in June 1997(97 ADA). Hereupon, by comparing the diagnostic criteria of the former (NDDG/WHO) with the later, the authors have examined the usefulness of new diaignostic criteria, 97 ADA. METHOD: We collected the data from 13 university hospitals in Korea which contain the results of 75 gram oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT) for 532 Kareans between 110 and 139 mg/dL in fasting plasma glucose. We have then evaluated the results by classifying and comparing them in accordance with the criteria of NDDG/WHO and 97 ADA, respectively. RESULTS: 1. The number which tested for oral glucose tolerance was 532 and the majority of tests have been carried out between 110 and 119 mg/dL in fasting plasma glucose. 2. When we have classified the same results of OGTT by respective diagnostic criteria of NDDG/ WHO and 97 ADA, the NDDG/WHO have diagnosed 50.4%(268/532) of the total number of people as diabetes mellitus, while the '97 ADA has shown that only 33.1%(176/532) of it corresponded to the same diagnosis. On the other hand, the diagnosis rate of impaired fasting glucose(IFG) or impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) has shown 28.8~ 31.8%(NDDG/ WHO) and 66.9%(97 ADA), respectively. 3. Following the diagnostic criteria of the 97 ADA, we have separated the results into two groups which were above and below 126 mg/dL in fasting glucose. In addition, when we have again classified two groups by the criteria of the NDDG/WHO, the group above 126mg/dL in fasting glucose, which was all diagnosed as diabetes mellitus in 97 ADA has represented a ratio of 72.2%(127/176) in same diagnosis. However, within the group below 126mg/ dL, in fasting glucose being classitied as IFG in the 97 ADA, its diagnosis rate of diabetes mellitus has also shown 39.7%(141/356) applying to the criteria of the NDDG/WHO. CONCLUSION: The criteria of the 97 ADA can simply make a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus with fasting plasma glucose and additionally fmd out the IFG whose rate is 17.9 20% regarded as a normal condition by NDDG/WHO, whereas the existing criteria of the NDDG/WHO have to carry out the OGTT which is difficult in clinics. However, since among the patients ot 50.4% diagnosed as diabetes mellitus by NDDG/WHO, the 97 ADA classifies 17.3% of them as IFG, it is regarded that the need of OGTT for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus can not be passed over in the future.

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