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4 "Nam Han Cho"
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Original Article
Cardiovascular Risk/Epidemiology
Validation of Risk Prediction Models for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease in a Prospective Korean Community-Based Cohort
Jae Hyun Bae, Min Kyong Moon, Sohee Oh, Bo Kyung Koo, Nam Han Cho, Moon-Kyu Lee
Diabetes Metab J. 2020;44(3):458-469.   Published online January 13, 2020
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2019.0061
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  • 16 Web of Science
  • 17 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   
Background

To investigate the performance of the 2013 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Pooled Cohort Equations (PCE) in a large, prospective, community-based cohort in Korea and to compare it with that of the Framingham Global Cardiovascular Disease Risk Score (FRS-CVD) and the Korean Risk Prediction Model (KRPM).

Methods

In the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KOGES)-Ansan and Ansung study, we evaluated calibration and discrimination of the PCE for non-Hispanic whites (PCE-WH) and for African Americans (PCE-AA) and compared their predictive abilities with the FRS-CVD and the KRPM.

Results

The present study included 7,932 individuals (3,778 men and 4,154 women). The PCE-WH and PCE-AA moderately overestimated the risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) for men (6% and 13%, respectively) but underestimated the risk for women (−49% and −25%, respectively). The FRS-CVD overestimated ASCVD risk for men (91%) but provided a good risk prediction for women (3%). The KRPM underestimated ASCVD risk for men (−31%) and women (−31%). All the risk prediction models showed good discrimination in both men (C-statistic 0.730 to 0.735) and women (C-statistic 0.726 to 0.732). Recalibration of the PCE using data from the KOGES-Ansan and Ansung study substantially improved the predictive accuracy in men.

Conclusion

In the KOGES-Ansan and Ansung study, the PCE overestimated ASCVD risk for men and underestimated the risk for women. The PCE-WH and the FRS-CVD provided an accurate prediction of ASCVD in men and women, respectively.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Risk Factors for Infertility in Korean Women
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    Journal of Korean Medical Science.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Evaluating cardiovascular disease risk stratification using multiple-polygenic risk scores and pooled cohort equations: insights from a 17-year longitudinal Korean cohort study
    Yi Seul Park, Hye-Mi Jang, Ji Hye Park, Bong-Jo Kim, Hyun-Young Park, Young Jin Kim
    Frontiers in Genetics.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Predictability of Cardiovascular Risk Scores for Carotid Atherosclerosis in Community-Dwelling Middle-Aged and Elderly Adults
    Chao-Liang Chou, Chun-Chieh Liu, Tzu-Wei Wu, Chun-Fang Cheng, Shu-Xin Lu, Yih-Jer Wu, Li-Yu Wang
    Journal of Clinical Medicine.2024; 13(9): 2563.     CrossRef
  • Improving Cardiovascular Disease Primary Prevention Treatment Thresholds in a New England Health Care System
    So Mi Jemma Cho, Rachel Rivera, Satoshi Koyama, Min Seo Kim, Shriienidhie Ganesh, Romit Bhattacharya, Kaavya Paruchuri, Patricia Masson, Michael C. Honigberg, Norrina B. Allen, Whitney Hornsby, Pradeep Natarajan
    JACC: Advances.2024; 3(10): 101257.     CrossRef
  • Moderation of Weight Misperception on the Associations Between Obesity Indices and Estimated Cardiovascular Disease Risk
    Kayoung Lee
    International Journal of Behavioral Medicine.2023; 30(1): 89.     CrossRef
  • Validation of the general Framingham Risk Score (FRS), SCORE2, revised PCE and WHO CVD risk scores in an Asian population
    Sazzli Shahlan Kasim, Nurulain Ibrahim, Sorayya Malek, Khairul Shafiq Ibrahim, Muhammad Firdaus Aziz, Cheen Song, Yook Chin Chia, Anis Safura Ramli, Kazuaki Negishi, Nafiza Mat Nasir
    The Lancet Regional Health - Western Pacific.2023; 35: 100742.     CrossRef
  • Principles of cardiovascular risk management in perimenopausal women with type 2 diabetes
    F. O. Ushanova, T. Yu. Demidova, T. N. Korotkova
    FOCUS. Endocrinology.2023; 4(2): 19.     CrossRef
  • Prediction of the 10-year risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease in the Korean population
    Sangwoo Park, Yong-Giun Kim, Soe Hee Ann, Young-Rak Cho, Shin-Jae Kim, Seungbong Han, Gyung-Min Park
    Epidemiology and Health.2023; 45: e2023052.     CrossRef
  • Triglyceride-Glucose Index Predicts Future Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Diseases: A 16-Year Follow-up in a Prospective, Community-Dwelling Cohort Study
    Joon Ho Moon, Yongkang Kim, Tae Jung Oh, Jae Hoon Moon, Soo Heon Kwak, Kyong Soo Park, Hak Chul Jang, Sung Hee Choi, Nam H. Cho
    Endocrinology and Metabolism.2023; 38(4): 406.     CrossRef
  • Validity of the models predicting 10-year risk of cardiovascular diseases in Asia: A systematic review and prediction model meta-analysis
    Mahin Nomali, Davood Khalili, Mehdi Yaseri, Mohammad Ali Mansournia, Aryan Ayati, Hossein Navid, Saharnaz Nedjat, Hean Teik Ong
    PLOS ONE.2023; 18(11): e0292396.     CrossRef
  • Assessing the Validity of the Criteria for the Extreme Risk Category of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Study
    Kyung-Soo Kim, Sangmo Hong, Kyungdo Han, Cheol-Young Park
    Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis.2022; 11(1): 73.     CrossRef
  • Mediation of Grip Strength on the Association Between Self-Rated Health and Estimated Cardiovascular Disease Risk
    Kayoung Lee
    Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders.2022; 20(6): 344.     CrossRef
  • Implications of the heterogeneity between guideline recommendations for the use of low dose aspirin in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease
    Xiao-Ying Li, Li Li, Sang-Hoon Na, Francesca Santilli, Zhongwei Shi, Michael Blaha
    American Journal of Preventive Cardiology.2022; 11: 100363.     CrossRef
  • The Risk of Cardiovascular Disease According to Chewing Status Could Be Modulated by Healthy Diet in Middle-Aged Koreans
    Hyejin Chun, Jongchul Oh, Miae Doo
    Nutrients.2022; 14(18): 3849.     CrossRef
  • Management of Cardiovascular Risk in Perimenopausal Women with Diabetes
    Catherine Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(4): 492.     CrossRef
  • Comparative performance of the two pooled cohort equations for predicting atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease
    Alessandra M. Campos-Staffico, David Cordwin, Venkatesh L. Murthy, Michael P. Dorsch, Jasmine A. Luzum
    Atherosclerosis.2021; 334: 23.     CrossRef
  • Usefulness of Relative Handgrip Strength as a Simple Indicator of Cardiovascular Risk in Middle-Aged Koreans
    Won Bin Kim, Jun-Bean Park, Yong-Jin Kim
    The American Journal of the Medical Sciences.2021; 362(5): 486.     CrossRef
Review
Diabetes Epidemiology in Korean.
Nam Han Cho
Korean Diabetes J. 2001;25(1):1-10.   Published online February 1, 2001
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  • 18 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
No abstract available.
Original Articles
Evaluation of 25% and 50% -75 gm Oral Glucose Tolerance Test - Animal and Clinical Pilot Study: Emphasis on Glucose Kinetics and Preference Evaluation.
Nam Han Cho, Eun Gyoung Hong
Korean Diabetes J. 2000;24(3):385-392.   Published online January 1, 2001
  • 958 View
  • 20 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Oral glucose tolerance test to diagnose diabetes was first introduced by Jarney and Isaacson in 1918. This method was advocated because of its diagnostic accuracy and also provides the two hours glucose changing pattern. Twenty-five percent (296 mL) glucose solution has been used as the standard diagnostic method in Korea. However, large volume of the solution frequently cause vomiting during the tests. Thus, 50% solution (150 mL) was recently introduced, but the potential difficulty of gastric emptying caused by its hyperosmolarity, and degree of diagnostic accuracy was questioned. Therefore, in this study, we evaluated two type of solutions by comparing the followings in both an animal and human models: (1) glucose changing pattern during the two hour oral glucose tolerance test, (2) Preference evaluation in human model. METHODS: Fifteen male Sprague-Dawley rats and 15 human subjects underwent 2 hours OGTT after 10~14 hours fasting. Two grams glucose per kg body weight was feed to the SD rat. In human, 75 gm glucose in 296 mL (25%) and 150 mL (50%) glucose solution was ingested at two different time, but testing was done within 24 hours a part. Five blood samples (fasting, 30, 60, 90, and 120 minutes) were collected and separated for serum. Glucose was assayed using YSI 2300-STAT (Yellow Springs Instrument Co., Ohio, USA) by glucose oxidase method. RESULTS: In animal study, despite the lower fasting glucose level, 30, 60 and 120 minutes glucose level was higher in 50% solution when compared to the 25% but the mean values were not statistically different. The glucose area under the curve (GAUC) in 50% was higher than 25% but not statistically different. The peak glucose level was observed at 60 minutes in both solutions. In human study, although mean values were not statistically different, all glucose values except 30 minutes were higher in 50% solution. Furthermore, GAUC was not statistically different between the two solutions. In preference test, the study subjects significantly (p<0.05) preferred the 50% solution as more favorable amount for the test. No differences in the tolerable level of sweetness, level of thirsty after ingestion, nausea, vomiting, head and stomachache was observed. CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that the gastro-intestinal glucose kinetics of the 25% and 50% glucose solution used during the OGTT was very similar in both an animal and human model. Furthermore, the preference evaluation showed favorable results in 50% solution. The use of 50% solution reconcile vomiting problem during the test but the same diagnostic accuracy was preserved. Therefore, 50% solution merits its scientific value as the diagnostic solution, and hope to contribute to favor the OGTT for diagnosis of diabetes mellitus in the future.
Microvascular Complications and lts Relationship with Obesity in Outpatient Type 2 Diabetics.
Seong Kyu Lee, Bong Nam Chae, Eun Gyoung Hong, Hye Lim Noh, Hyeon Kyoung Cho, Yoon Jung Kim, Mi Deok Lee, Yoon Sok Chung, Kwan Woo Lee, Nam Han Cho, Hyeon Man Kim
Korean Diabetes J. 2000;24(1):60-70.   Published online January 1, 2001
  • 1,233 View
  • 20 Download
AbstractAbstract PDF
BACKGROUND
Korean type 2 diabetic patients who are frequently non-obese, may be genetically different from Western type 2 diabetics who are frequently obese. Therefore, the diabetic complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea may be also different from those of Western countries. Until now, most studies reported in Korea did not analyse the microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus according to obesity, and also the criteria in the diagnosis of microvascular complications were different in each study. We investigated the microvascular complications and its relationship with obesity, in type 2 diabetic patients visiting an outpatient clinic. METHODS: The study subjects were type 2 diabetic patients visiting an outpatient clinic of Ajou University Hospital. We selected patients participating in a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test, retrospectively. Type 2 diabetes was diagnosed according to the WHO/NDDG classification of diabetes. Biochemical studies including lipid profile, plasma insulin and C-peptide levels were done. Anthropometric measurements were performed. Based on BMI (kg/m2), the patients were divided into the following groups: the lean group, whan the BMI was less than 20kg/m2; the ideal body weight (IBW) group, if the BMI was between 20 kg/m and 25 kg/m in women and 20kg/m and 27 kg/m in men; and the obese group, when the BMI was>25 kg/m in women and >27 kg/m2 in men. RESULTS: 1. Neuropathy (45.2%) was the most frequent among the microvascular complications, and the frequency of retinopathy was 15.1%, and that of nephropathy was 4.9k. Within 5 years of diabetes duration, the frequency of neuropathy, retinopathy, and nephropathy was 43.2%, 11.8%, and 2,9%, respectively. 2. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting blood glucose levels were not different among the three groups. Beta cell function{delta(insulin 30min insulin Omin)/delta(glucose 30min - glucose Omin)} was the highest in the obese group, However, beta cell function(delta/delta G) divided by the basal insulin level, considered insulin resistance, was not different among the three groups. 3. Within 5 years of diabetes duration, retinopathy tended to be the most frequent in the lean group, whereas neuropathy tended to be the most frequent in the obese group, and body mass index influenced the retinopathy and neuropathy, statistically significantly. CONCLUSION: Diabetic neuropathy was the most frequent among microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus in our study subjects. At the time of presentation within 5 years of diabetes duration, the lean group of type 2 diabetics had a tendency of the more frequent retinopathy, the obese group had a tendency of the more frequent neuropathy. These results suggest that type 2 diabetes mellitus in Korea is also not a singie disease entity, as in Western countries and is a heterogenous group of disorders with a diversity of microvascular complications. However, the more studies about this will be required.

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