Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Sulwon Lecture 2021

Basic Research
Exercise, Mitohormesis, and Mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA Type-C (MOTS-c): Tae Kwan Yoon, Chan Hee Lee, Obin Kwon, Min-Seon Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(3):402-413. Published online May 25, 2022; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0092

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Low levels of mitochondrial stress are beneficial for organismal health and survival through a process known as mitohormesis. Mitohormetic responses occur during or after exercise and may mediate some salutary effects of exercise on metabolism. Exercise-related mitohormesis involves reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial unfolded protein response (UPR^mt), and release of mitochondria-derived peptides (MDPs). MDPs are a group of small peptides encoded by mitochondrial DNA with beneficial metabolic effects. Among MDPs, mitochondrial ORF of the 12S rRNA type-c (MOTS-c) is the most associated with exercise. MOTS-c expression levels increase in skeletal muscles, systemic circulation, and the hypothalamus upon exercise. Systemic MOTS-c administration increases exercise performance by boosting skeletal muscle stress responses and by enhancing metabolic adaptation to exercise. Exogenous MOTS-c also stimulates thermogenesis in subcutaneous white adipose tissues, thereby enhancing energy expenditure and contributing to the anti-obesity effects of exercise training. This review briefly summarizes the mitohormetic mechanisms of exercise with an emphasis on MOTS-c.

Citations

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Free Radical Biology and Medicine.2025; 227: 619. CrossRef
Mitochondrial-derived peptides: Antidiabetic functions and evolutionary perspectives
Satadeepa Kal, Sumana Mahata, Suborno Jati, Sushil K. Mahata
Peptides.2024; 172: 171147. CrossRef
Beneficial Effects of Low-Grade Mitochondrial Stress on Metabolic Diseases and Aging
Se Hee Min, Gil Myoung Kang, Jae Woo Park, Min-Seon Kim
Yonsei Medical Journal.2024; 65(2): 55. CrossRef
Roles of Myokines and Muscle-Derived Extracellular Vesicles in Musculoskeletal Deterioration under Disuse Conditions
Jie Zhang, Yunfang Gao, Jiangwei Yan
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The current insights of mitochondrial hormesis in the occurrence and treatment of bone and cartilage degeneration
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Mitochondria-derived peptide is an effective target for treating streptozotocin induced painful diabetic neuropathy through induction of activated protein kinase/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1alpha -mediated mitochondrial b
Lingfei Xu, Xihui Tang, Long Yang, Min Chang, Yuqing Xu, Qingsong Chen, Chen Lu, Su Liu, Jinhong Jiang
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MOTS-c is an effective target for treating cancer-induced bone pain through the induction of AMPK-mediated <?A3B2 pi6?>mitochondrial biogenesis
Long Yang, Miaomiao Li, Yucheng Liu, Yang Bai, Tianyu Yin, Yangyang Chen, Jinhong Jiang, Su Liu
Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica.2024; 56(9): 1323. CrossRef
Adipose thermogenic mechanisms by cold, exercise and intermittent fasting: Similarities, disparities and the application in treatment
Linshan Chen, Longhua Liu
Clinical Nutrition.2024; 43(9): 2043. CrossRef
Sedentary Lifestyles and a Hypercaloric Diets During Middle Age, are Binomial Conducive to Fatal Progression, That is Counteracted by the Hormetic Treatment of Exercise, Metformin, and Tert-Butyl Hydroquinone: An Analysis of Female Middle-Aged Rat Liver M
Stefanie Paola López-Cervantes, Rafael Toledo-Pérez, Jaime Abraham De Lira-Sánchez, Giovanni García-Cruz, Mercedes Esparza-Perusquía, Armando Luna-López, Juan Pablo Pardo, Oscar Flores-Herrera, Mina Konigsberg
Dose-Response.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
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Fabiola Olivieri, Francesco Prattichizzo, Fabrizia Lattanzio, Anna Rita Bonfigli, Liana Spazzafumo
Ageing Research Reviews.2023; 84: 101836. CrossRef
MOTS-c: A promising mitochondrial-derived peptide for therapeutic exploitation
Yuejun Zheng, Zilin Wei, Tianhui Wang
Frontiers in Endocrinology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef
MOTS-c: A potential anti-pulmonary fibrosis factor derived by mitochondria
Zewei Zhang, Dongmei Chen, Kaili Du, Yaping Huang, Xingzhe Li, Quwen Li, Xiaoting Lv
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Mitochondrial-Encoded Peptide MOTS-c, Diabetes, and Aging-Related Diseases
Byung Soo Kong, Changhan Lee, Young Min Cho
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MOTS-c Serum Concentration Positively Correlates with Lower-Body Muscle Strength and Is Not Related to Maximal Oxygen Uptake—A Preliminary Study
Remigiusz Domin, Michał Pytka, Mikołaj Żołyński, Jan Niziński, Marcin Rucinski, Przemysław Guzik, Jacek Zieliński, Marek Ruchała
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Unique Properties of Apicomplexan Mitochondria
Ian M. Lamb, Ijeoma C. Okoye, Michael W. Mather, Akhil B. Vaidya
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Letter

The Combination of Fasting Plasma Glucose and Glycosylated Hemoglobin as a Predictor for Type 2 Diabetes in Korean Adults (Korean Diabetes J 33(4):306-314, 2009).: Chan Hee Lee, Hyoung Woo Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(5):451-452. Published online October 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.5.451

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Abstract PDF: No abstract available.

Original Articles

The Combination of Fasting Plasma Glucose and Glycosylated Hemoglobin as a Predictor for Type 2 Diabetes in Korean Adults.: Chan Hee Lee, Woo Jin Chang, Hyun Hee Chung, Hyun Jung Kim, Sang Hyun Park, Jun Sung Moon, Ji Eun Lee, Ji Sung Yoon, Kyung Ah Chun, Kyu Chang Won, Ihn Ho Cho, Hyoung Woo Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(4):306-314. Published online August 1, 2009; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.4.306

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8 Crossref

Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
The oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) for detection of diabetes is difficult to perform in clinical settings. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of a more practical detection test, combined fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), as a predictor of diabetes mellitus (DM) in a Korean sample. METHODS: We examined 2,045 (M = 1,276, mean age = 47.8 +/- 9.0 yrs) medical check-up program participants between January 2002 to December 2003. FPG, HbA1c and a number of other biochemical tests were performed at baseline and four after years after initial screening. Patients who originally presented with diabetes were excluded. The characteristics of newly-diagnosed DM patients and non-diabetic patients were compared. RESULTS: The incidence of newly diagnosed diabetes was 1.6% (32/2,045) after four years of follow up. The subjects in the DM group were older, had higher levels of SBP, DBP, FPG, HbA1c, triglyceride, HDL cholesterol, GGT and LDH (P < 0.05). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, FPG (odds ratio [OR] 1.124) and HbA1c (OR 4.794) were significantly correlated with onset of diabetes (P < 0.05). The interaction parameter between FPG and HbA1c was more than 1.0, indicating that the two effects are synergistic. The predictive cut-off values of HbA1c and FPG were 5.35% (area under curve [AUC] = 0.944) and 102.5 mg/dL (AUC = 0.930), respectively. CONCLUSION: The combination of HbA1c above 5.35% and FPG above 102.5 mg/dL predicted the onset of diabetes in a Korean sample. These results suggest that the combination of FPG and HbA1c may be useful for predicting progression to type 2 diabetes in east Asians.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The Distribution and Characteristics of Abnormal Findings Regarding Fasting Plasma Glucose and HbA1c - Based on Adults Except for Known Diabetes
Seyoung Kwon, Youngak Na
The Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science.2017; 49(3): 239. CrossRef
Factors Affecting Diabetic Screening Behavior of Korean Adults: A Multilevel Analysis
Hyeongsu Kim, Minjung Lee, Haejoon Kim, Kunsei Lee, Sounghoon Chang, Vitna Kim, Jun Pyo Myong, Soyoun Jeon
Asian Nursing Research.2013; 7(2): 67. CrossRef
Impact of HbA1c Criterion on the Detection of Subjects with Increased Risk for Diabetes among Health Check-Up Recipients in Korea
Hong-Kyu Kim, Sung-Jin Bae, Jaeone Choe
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2012; 36(2): 151. CrossRef
The Utility of HbA1c as a Diagnostic Criterion of Diabetes
Hee-Jung Kim, Eun Young Choi, Eal Whan Park, Yoo Seock Cheong, Hong-Yoen Lee, Ji Hyun Kim
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2011; 32(7): 383. CrossRef
Predictive Clinical Parameters for the Therapeutic Efficacy of Sitagliptin in Korean Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Soon Ae Kim, Woo Ho Shim, Eun Hae Lee, Young Mi Lee, Sun Hee Beom, Eun Sook Kim, Jeong Seon Yoo, Ji Sun Nam, Min Ho Cho, Jong Suk Park, Chul Woo Ahn, Kyung Rae Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(2): 159. CrossRef
Optimal range of HbA1c for the prediction of future diabetes: A 4-year longitudinal study
Ji Cheol Bae, Eun Jung Rhee, Won Young Lee, Se Eun Park, Cheol Young Park, Ki Won Oh, Sung Woo Park, Sun Woo Kim
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2011; 93(2): 255. CrossRef
The Combination of Fasting Plasma Glucose and Glycosylated Hemoglobin as a Predictor for Type 2 Diabetes in Korean Adults (Korean Diabetes J 33(4):306-314, 2009)
Soo Lim
Korean Diabetes Journal.2009; 33(5): 448. CrossRef
The Combination of Fasting Plasma Glucose and Glycosylated Hemoglobin as a Predictor for Type 2 Diabetes in Korean Adults (Korean Diabetes J 33(4):306-314, 2009)
Chan Hee Lee, Hyoung Woo Lee
Korean Diabetes Journal.2009; 33(5): 451. CrossRef

Relationship Between Serum Bilirubin Levels and Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.: Jun Sung Moon, Woo Jin Chang, Chan Hee Lee, Ji Eun Lee, Kyung Ah Chun, Ji Sung Yoon, Ihn Ho Cho, Hyoung Woo Lee, Kyu Chang Won; Korean Diabetes J. 2008;32(4):338-345. Published online August 1, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2008.32.4.338

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Lipid oxidation and formation of oxygen radicals have been identified to be the important factors of atherogenesis. Because bilirubin, a potent physiological antioxidant inhibits lipid oxidation, it is suggested that low serum concentrations of bilirubin is associated with atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between bilirubin levels and coronary atherosclerosis. METHODS: The coronary calcium score (CCS) of 172 subjects (male 63, mean age 60.5 +/- 1.0) with type 2 diabetes were evaluated in Yeungnam University Hospital between January 2005 and February 2007. The subjects were divided into two groups with CCS 10 as the cut off. RESULTS: Higher CCS was significantly associated with lower bilirubin (P < 0.05), but after adjusted with age, no longer correlation were seen (P = 0.121). To determine the relationship between subclinical coronary atherosclerosis and bilirubin, the subjects with previous history of cardiovascular disease were excluded. In 138 subjects (male 54, mean age 58.4 +/- 1.1), higher CCS was significantly associated with lower levels of bilirubin. After adjusted with age, duration of diabetes, and history of hypertension, CCS was also inversely related with bilirubin (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that lower levels of bilirubin might be considered as a risk factor of coronary artery disease, especially in type 2 diabetics without cardiovascular disease.

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Effects of Ginseng By-Products Supplementation on Performance, Blood Biochemical Profiles, Organ Development, and Stress Parameter in Broiler under Heat Stress Condition
Jun-Ho Lee, Ji-Won Yoon, Bong-Ki Kim, Hee-Bok Park, Kyu-Sang Lim, Ji-Hyuk Kim
Korean Journal of Poultry Science.2022; 49(4): 255. CrossRef
Correlation of Serum Bilirubin Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with and without Diabetic Retinopathy
Johncy John, Gajaraj Tulsidas Naik, Suria C. Rashmi, Sheetal Vaijanath Zille, Swetha Sampangi Iyer, Meghana Neeralagi, Asma M.K
Journal of Evolution of Medical and Dental Sciences.2021; 10(45): 4013. CrossRef
Association of SNPs in the UGT1A gene cluster with total bilirubin and mortality in the Diabetes Heart Study
Amanda J. Cox, Maggie C.-Y. Ng, Jianzhao Xu, Carl D. Langefeld, Kenneth L. Koch, Paul A. Dawson, J. Jeffrey Carr, Barry I. Freedman, Fang-Chi Hsu, Donald W. Bowden
Atherosclerosis.2013; 229(1): 155. CrossRef
The Association between Low Serum Bilirubin and Carotid Atherosclerosis in Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes
Byoung Hyun Park, Hye Jung Nho, Chung Gu Cho
Endocrinology and Metabolism.2012; 27(2): 126. CrossRef
Association of Serum Total Bilirubin with Serum High Sensitivity C-reactive Protein in Middle-aged Men
Kiwoong Yu, Cheolhwan Kim, Eunju Sung, Hocheol Shin, Hyewon Lee
Korean Journal of Family Medicine.2011; 32(6): 327. CrossRef
The Relationship among Homocysteine, Bilirubin, and Diabetic Retinopathy
Ho Chan Cho
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(6): 595. CrossRef
Relationship Between Serum Bilirubin Levels and Coronary Atherosclerosis in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes (Korean Diabetes Journal 32(4):338-345, 2008)
Soo Lim
Korean Diabetes Journal.2008; 32(5): 462. CrossRef

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetics Who are Positive for GAD Autoantibody.: Seon Joong Moon, Chan Hee Lee, Jun Sung Moon, Hee Jung Moon, Ji Eun Lee, Kyung Ah Chun, Ji Sung Yoon, Ihn Ho Cho, Kyu Chang Won, Hyoung Woo Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2007;31(5):429-434. Published online September 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkda.2007.31.5.429

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Abstract PDF

BACKGROUND
Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of adult blindness. Some patients show early development and progression of diabetic retinopathy despite of apparently good glycemic control. This is suggesting the involvement of other contributing factors. Recent studies have shown that retinopathy and GAD autoantibody (GADA) show an inverse relationship immunologically. This study is designed to investigate the clinical manifestation of diabetes who are positive for GADA and the relationship between GADA and diabetic retinopathy. METHODS: Type 1 diabetic patients & LADA patients who had visited Yeungnam university Medical Center from 1988 to 2005 were involved. We reviewed the pathologic and laboratory records of these patients and investigated the development of diabetic microvascular complications. RESULTS: Compared with patients who had GADA negative diabetes, patients with GADA positive diabetes had lower prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (GADA negative subject: 25.8% vs. GADA positive subject: 9.6%, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: We confirmed that diabetic retinopathy and GADA showed an inverse relationship. It seems quite probable that GADA may contribute to the prevention of retinopathy. Further research should be needed concerning the effect of GADA on diabetic retinopathy.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Chronic Complications in Adult Diabetic Patients with and without GAD Antibody
Jin Ook Chung, Dong Hyeok Cho, Dong Jin Chung, Min Young Chung
Korean Diabetes Journal.2009; 33(2): 124. CrossRef

gamma-glutamylcysteine Synthetase (gamma-GCS) mRNA Expression in INS-1 Cells and Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.: Jae Hong Kim, Chan Hee Lee, Jun Sung Moon, Ji Sung Yoon, Kyu Chang Won, Hyoung Woo Lee; Korean Diabetes J. 2007;31(4):302-309. Published online July 1, 2007; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkda.2007.31.4.302

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Abstract PDF: BACKGROUND
Hyperglycemia is a well-recognized pathogenic factor of long term complications in diabetes mellitus and hyperglycemia also generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) in beta cells when ROS accumulate in excess for prolonged periods of time, they cause chronic oxidative stress and adverse effects. Unfortunately, the islet contacts low capacity of endogenous antioxidant effects. But, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase (gamma-GCS), the rate-limiting enzyme for glutathione synthesis, is well represented in islets. METHODS: This study is to evaluate the changes in the activity of gamma-GCS, glutathione in beta-cells exposed to high glucose, in pancreatic tissue of OLETF (Otsuka Long Evans Tokushima Fatty) and LETO (Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka) rats, in leukocytes from patients with Korean type 2 DM (T2DM) and to disclose the effects of high blood glucose on this impairment in patients with T2DM. We divided our patients into 3 groups by HbA1c (controls: n = 20, well controls diabetes: n=24, poorly controlled diabetes: n = 36). RESULTS: We observed that decreased glutathione level, gamma-GCS expression, glucose-stimulated (GSIS) and increased intracellular peroxide level in the INS-1 cells exposed to 30 mM glucose condition. Also decreased glutathione level at erythrocytes, gamma-GCS expression at leukocytes and increased oxidized LDL, MDA (malondialdehyde) level at plasma from patients with T2DM compared to controls (esp, poorly controlled patients). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that insufficient antioxidant defenses by the glutathione pathway may be one of the factors responsible for development of complications in T2DM.

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