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Risk of Depression according to Cumulative Exposure to a Low-Household Income Status in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Population- Based Study
So Hee Park, You-Bin Lee, Kyu-na Lee, Bongsung Kim, So Hyun Cho, So Yoon Kwon, Jiyun Park, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Kyungdo Han, Jae Hyeon Kim
Diabetes Metab J. 2024;48(2):290-301.   Published online January 3, 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0299
  • 2,198 View
  • 233 Download
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
We aimed to identify the risk of incident depression according to cumulative exposure to a low-household income status in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
For this retrospective longitudinal population-based cohort study, we used Korean National Health Insurance Service data from 2002 to 2018. Risk of depression was assessed according to cumulative exposure to low-household income status (defined as Medical Aid registration) during the previous 5 years among adults (aged ≥20 years) with T2DM and without baseline depression who underwent health examinations from 2009 to 2012 (n=2,027,317).
Results
During an average 6.23 years of follow-up, 401,175 incident depression cases occurred. Advance in cumulative number of years registered for medical aid during the previous 5 years from baseline was associated with an increased risk of depression in a dose-dependent manner (hazard ratio [HR], 1.44 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.38 to 1.50]; HR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.35 to 1.46]; HR, 1.42, [95% CI, 1.37 to 1.48]; HR, 1.46, [95% CI, 1.40 to 1.53]; HR, 1.69, [95% CI, 1.63 to 1.74] in groups with 1 to 5 exposed years, respectively). Insulin users exposed for 5 years to a low-household income state had the highest risk of depression among groups categorized by insulin use and duration of low-household income status.
Conclusion
Cumulative duration of low-household income status, defined as medical aid registration, was associated with an increased risk of depression in a dose-response manner in individuals with T2DM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Type 2 diabetes mellitus modifies and mediates the association between the visceral adiposity index and depression: A cross-sectional study using NHANES 2005–2018 data
    Yujun Zhang, Jingjing Song, Benjie Li, Xinmeng Lv, Jiahao Liu, Wei Si, Xin Huang, Jiazhen Tang, Xiaorong Yang, Fang Liu
    Journal of Affective Disorders.2025; 368: 749.     CrossRef
Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
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Low Household Income Status and Death from Pneumonia in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Study
You-Bin Lee, So Hee Park, Kyu-na Lee, Bongsung Kim, So Yoon Kwon, Jiyun Park, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Kyungdo Han, Jae Hyeon Kim
Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(5):682-692.   Published online June 22, 2023
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0184
  • 2,534 View
  • 151 Download
  • 1 Web of Science
  • 1 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   ePub   
Background
We explored the risk of death from pneumonia according to cumulative duration in low household income state (LHIS) among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
Using Korean National Health Insurance Service data (2002 to 2018), the hazards of mortality from pneumonia were analyzed according to duration in LHIS (being registered to Medical Aid) during the 5 years before baseline (0, 1–4, and 5 years) among adults with T2DM who underwent health examinations between 2009 and 2012 (n=2,503,581). Hazards of outcomes were also compared in six groups categorized by insulin use and duration in LHIS.
Results
During a median 7.18 years, 12,245 deaths from pneumonia occurred. Individuals who had been exposed to LHIS had higher hazards of death from pneumonia in a dose-response manner (hazard ratio [HR], 1.726; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.568 to 1.899 and HR, 4.686; 95% CI, 3.948 to 5.562 in those exposed for 1–4 and 5 years, respectively) compared to the non-exposed reference. Insulin users exposed for 5 years to LHIS exhibited the highest outcome hazard among six groups categorized by insulin use and duration in LHIS.
Conclusion
Among adults with T2DM, cumulative duration in LHIS may predict increased risks of mortality from pneumonia in a graded dose-response manner. Insulin users with the longest duration in LHIS might be the group most vulnerable to death from pneumonia among adults with T2DM.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Income-Related Disparities in Mortality Among Young Adults With Type 2 Diabetes
    Ji Yoon Kim, Sojeong Park, Minae Park, Nam Hoon Kim, Sin Gon Kim
    JAMA Network Open.2024; 7(11): e2443918.     CrossRef
Epidemiology
High Proportion of Adult Cases and Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Population in Korea: A Nationwide Study
You-Bin Lee, Kyungdo Han, Bongsung Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Seung-Eun Lee, Ji Eun Jun, Jiyeon Ahn, Gyuri Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim
Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(1):76-89.   Published online August 22, 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0048
  • 6,811 View
  • 120 Download
  • 28 Web of Science
  • 31 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader   
Background

The prevalence and incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in all age groups and the prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with T1DM in Korea were estimated.

Methods

The incidence and prevalence of T1DM between 2007 and 2013 were calculated using the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) datasets of claims. Clinical characteristics and prevalence of metabolic syndrome in individuals with T1DM between 2009 and 2013 were determined using the database of NHIS preventive health checkups.

Results

The prevalence of T1DM in Korea between 2007 and 2013 was 0.041% to 0.047%. The annual incidence rate of T1DM in Korea in 2007 to 2013 was 2.73 to 5.02/100,000 people. Although the incidence rate of typical T1DM was highest in teenagers, it remained steady in adults over 30 years of age. In contrast, the incidence rate of atypical T1DM in 2013 was higher in people aged 40 years or older than in younger age groups. Age- and sex-adjusted prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with T1DM was 51.65% to 55.06% between 2009 and 2013.

Conclusion

T1DM may be more common in Korean adults than previously believed. Metabolic syndrome may be a frequent finding in individuals with T1DM in Korea.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Increased risk of incident mental disorders in adults with new-onset type 1 diabetes diagnosed after the age of 19: A nationwide cohort study
    Seohyun Kim, Gyuri Kim, So Hyun Cho, Rosa Oh, Ji Yoon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism.2024; 50(1): 101505.     CrossRef
  • Incidence and trends of type 1 diabetes before and after 2000 in the Western Pacific Region: A systematic review and meta-analysis
    Du Wang, Xiaoli Hou, Juan Huang, Jianjing Sun, Takashi Kadowaki, Moon-Kyu Lee, Alicia J. Jenkins, Linong Ji
    Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2024; 207: 111055.     CrossRef
  • The emergence of obesity in type 1 diabetes
    Martin T. W. Kueh, Nicholas W. S. Chew, Ebaa Al-Ozairi, Carel W. le Roux
    International Journal of Obesity.2024; 48(3): 289.     CrossRef
  • Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Risk Factors Influence on Microvascular Complications in Patients With Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
    Asad Riaz, Shoaib Asghar, Salman Shahid, Haider Tanvir, Muhammad Hamza Ejaz, Mamuna Akram
    Cureus.2024;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Risk of Depression according to Cumulative Exposure to a Low-Household Income Status in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Population- Based Study
    So Hee Park, You-Bin Lee, Kyu-na Lee, Bongsung Kim, So Hyun Cho, So Yoon Kwon, Jiyun Park, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Kyungdo Han, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2024; 48(2): 290.     CrossRef
  • Impact of mental disorders on the all-cause mortality and cardiovascular disease outcomes in adults with new-onset type 1 diabetes: A nationwide cohort study
    Seohyun Kim, Gyuri Kim, So Hyun Cho, Rosa Oh, Ji Yoon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Psychiatry Research.2024; 342: 116228.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of Insulin-Treated Patients with Ambiguous Diabetes Type with Definite Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Subjects: A Clinical Perspective
    Insa Laspe, Juris J. Meier, Michael A. Nauck
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(1): 140.     CrossRef
  • Clinical and biochemical profile of childhood–adolescent-onset type 1 diabetes and adult-onset type 1 diabetes among Asian Indians
    Viswanathan Mohan, Ganesan Uma Sankari, Anandakumar Amutha, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Saravanan Jeba Rani, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Ulagamathesan Venkatesan, Coimbatore Subramanian Shanthi Rani
    Acta Diabetologica.2023; 60(4): 579.     CrossRef
  • Subtypes of type 2 diabetes and their association with outcomes in Korean adults - A cluster analysis of community-based prospective cohort
    You-Cheol Hwang, Hong-Yup Ahn, Ji Eun Jun, In-Kyung Jeong, Kyu Jeung Ahn, Ho Yeon Chung
    Metabolism.2023; 141: 155514.     CrossRef
  • Insulin Fact Sheet in Type 1 and 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Trends of Antidiabetic Medication Use in Insulin Users with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: 2002 to 2019
    Jiyun Park, Gyuri Kim, Bong-Sung Kim, Kyung-Do Han, So Yoon Kwon, So Hee Park, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(2): 211.     CrossRef
  • Insulin resistance is more frequent in type 1 diabetes patients with long disease duration
    Yuting Xie, Mei Shi, Xiaolin Ji, Fansu Huang, Li Fan, Xia Li, Zhiguang Zhou
    Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Long-term Effectiveness of the National Diabetes Quality Assessment Program in South Korea
    Ji Hye Huh, Serim Kwon, Gui Ok Kim, Bo Yeon Kim, Kyoung Hwa Ha, Dae Jung Kim
    Diabetes Care.2023; 46(9): 1700.     CrossRef
  • Low Household Income Status and Death from Pneumonia in People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Nationwide Study
    You-Bin Lee, So Hee Park, Kyu-na Lee, Bongsung Kim, So Yoon Kwon, Jiyun Park, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Kyungdo Han, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2023; 47(5): 682.     CrossRef
  • Impact of statin treatment on cardiovascular risk in patients with type 1 diabetes: a population-based cohort study
    Joonsang Yoo, Jimin Jeon, Minyoul Baek, Sun Ok Song, Jinkwon Kim
    Journal of Translational Medicine.2023;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Association between Metabolic Syndrome and Microvascular Complications in Chinese Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
    Qianwen Huang, Daizhi Yang, Hongrong Deng, Hua Liang, Xueying Zheng, Jinhua Yan, Wen Xu, Xiangwen Liu, Bin Yao, Sihui Luo, Jianping Weng
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2022; 46(1): 93.     CrossRef
  • The Incidence of Adult-Onset Type 1 Diabetes: A Systematic Review From 32 Countries and Regions
    Jessica L. Harding, Pandora L. Wander, Xinge Zhang, Xia Li, Suvi Karuranga, Hongzhi Chen, Hong Sun, Yuting Xie, Richard A. Oram, Dianna J. Magliano, Zhiguang Zhou, Alicia J. Jenkins, Ronald C.W. Ma
    Diabetes Care.2022; 45(4): 994.     CrossRef
  • Age at Diagnosis and the Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy in Young Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
    Jong Ha Baek, Woo Je Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Soo Kyoung Kim, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(1): 46.     CrossRef
  • Genomic ancestry and metabolic syndrome in individuals with type 1 diabetes from an admixed population: a multicentre, cross‐sectional study in Brazil
    B. S. V. Barros, D. C. Santos, L. G. N. Melo, M. H. Pizarro, L. H. Muniz, D. A. Silva, L. C. Porto, M. B. Gomes
    Diabetic Medicine.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • The Interplay Between Diet and the Epigenome in the Pathogenesis of Type-1 Diabetes
    Amira Kohil, Maha Al-Asmakh, Mashael Al-Shafai, Annalisa Terranegra
    Frontiers in Nutrition.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Risk of early mortality and cardiovascular disease according to the presence of recently diagnosed diabetes and requirement for insulin treatment: A nationwide study
    You‐Bin Lee, Kyungdo Han, Bongsung Kim, Min Sun Choi, Jiyun Park, Minyoung Kim, Sang‐Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Gyuri Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Journal of Diabetes Investigation.2021; 12(10): 1855.     CrossRef
  • Age at Diagnosis and the Risk of Diabetic Nephropathy in Young Patients with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (Diabetes Metab J 2021;45:46-54)
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    Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2021; 45(2): 277.     CrossRef
  • Comparison of fracture risk between type 1 and type 2 diabetes: a comprehensive real-world data
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    Osteoporosis International.2021; 32(12): 2543.     CrossRef
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    International Journal of Obesity.2021; 45(11): 2482.     CrossRef
  • Young-onset type 2 diabetes in South Korea: a review of the current status and unmet need
    Ye Seul Yang, Kyungdo Han, Tae Seo Sohn, Nam Hoon Kim
    The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine.2021; 36(5): 1049.     CrossRef
  • Positive association between the ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and diabetes incidence in Korean adults
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    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2021;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Mortality and causes of death in a population with blindness in Korea: A longitudinal follow-up study using a national sample cohort
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    Scientific Reports.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Hospitalization for heart failure incidence according to the transition in metabolic health and obesity status: a nationwide population-based study
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    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2020;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Management of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Adults
    Hye Ryoung Yun
    The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2020; 21(3): 156.     CrossRef
  • New Insulin Pumps and Open Source Artificial Pancreas System in Korea
    Jae Hyeon Kim
    The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2020; 21(4): 197.     CrossRef
  • Risk of early mortality and cardiovascular disease in type 1 diabetes: a comparison with type 2 diabetes, a nationwide study
    You-Bin Lee, Kyungdo Han, Bongsung Kim, Seung-Eun Lee, Ji Eun Jun, Jiyeon Ahn, Gyuri Kim, Sang-Man Jin, Jae Hyeon Kim
    Cardiovascular Diabetology.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Risk of end‐stage renal disease from chronic kidney disease defined by decreased glomerular filtration rate in type 1 diabetes: A comparison with type 2 diabetes and the effect of metabolic syndrome
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    Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews.2019;[Epub]     CrossRef

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