- Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
- Comparison of SPISE and METS-IR and Other Markers to Predict Insulin Resistance and Elevated Liver Transaminases in Children and Adolescents
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Kyungchul Song, Eunju Lee, Hye Sun Lee, Hana Lee, Ji-Won Lee, Hyun Wook Chae, Yu-Jin Kwon
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Received June 7, 2024 Accepted August 2, 2024 Published online October 29, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0302
[Epub ahead of print]
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 Abstract
 PDF Supplementary Material PubReader  ePub
- Background
Studies on predictive markers of insulin resistance (IR) and elevated liver transaminases in children and adolescents are limited. We evaluated the predictive capabilities of the single-point insulin sensitivity estimator (SPISE) index, metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR), homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), the triglyceride (TG)/ high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio, and the triglyceride-glucose index (TyG) for IR and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation in this population.
Methods
Data from 1,593 participants aged 10 to 18 years were analyzed using a nationwide survey. Logistic regression analysis was performed with IR and ALT elevation as dependent variables. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were generated to assess predictive capability. Proportions of IR and ALT elevation were compared after dividing participants based on parameter cutoff points.
Results
All parameters were significantly associated with IR and ALT elevation, even after adjusting for age and sex, and predicted IR and ALT elevation in ROC curves (all P<0.001). The areas under the ROC curve of SPISE and METS-IR were higher than those of TyG and TG/HDL-C for predicting IR and were higher than those of HOMA-IR, TyG, and TG/HDL-C for predicting ALT elevation. The proportions of individuals with IR and ALT elevation were higher among those with METS-IR, TyG, and TG/ HDL-C values higher than the cutoff points, whereas they were lower among those with SPISE higher than the cutoff point.
Conclusion
SPISE and METS-IR are superior to TG/HDL-C and TyG in predicting IR and ALT elevation. Thus, this study identified valuable predictive markers for young individuals.
- Lifestyle
- Impact of Meal Frequency on Insulin Resistance in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Prospective Cohort Study
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Ha-Eun Ryu, Jong Hee Lee, Byoungjin Park, Seok-Jae Heo, Yu-Jin Kwon
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Received July 22, 2024 Accepted September 7, 2024 Published online November 13, 2024
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0407
[Epub ahead of print]
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Abstract
PDFSupplementary MaterialPubReader ePub
- Background
Insulin resistance (IR) is central to metabolic disorders and significantly influenced by diet. Studies on meal frequency (MF) and metabolic indicators have shown mixed results. This study explores the link between MF and IR in middle-aged and older adults.
Methods
This prospective cohort study included 4,570 adults aged 40 to 69 years from the Korean Genome and Epidemiologic Study. MF were divided into two groups based on whether they consumed three or more, or fewer than three, meals daily. IR was evaluated using the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR); participants were classified as IR if their HOMA-IR value was ≥2.5. Multiple Cox proportional hazard regression analyses were conducted to examine the association between MF and the incidence of IR.
Results
After adjusting for all variables, individuals in the MF ≥3 group showed a reduced incidence of IR compared to those in the MF <3 group (hazard ratio, 0.880; 95% confidence interval, 0.782 to 0.990). Additionally, subgroup analyses by sex, diabetes mellitus (DM), and body mass index (BMI) showed that this association persisted only in men, individuals without DM, and those with a BMI <25.
Conclusion
Our findings indicate that a higher MF among middle-aged and older adults is associated with a reduced incidence of IR. However, this association was maintained only in men, individuals without DM, and those without obesity.
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