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Won Min Hwang  (Hwang WM) 1 Article
Pathophysiology
Metformin Ameliorates Lipotoxic β-Cell Dysfunction through a Concentration-Dependent Dual Mechanism of Action
Hong Il Kim, Ji Seon Lee, Byung Kook Kwak, Won Min Hwang, Min Joo Kim, Young-Bum Kim, Sung Soo Chung, Kyong Soo Park
Diabetes Metab J. 2019;43(6):854-866.   Published online June 27, 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2018.0179
  • 7,741 View
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  • 15 Web of Science
  • 14 Crossref
AbstractAbstract PDFPubReader   
Background

Chronic exposure to elevated levels of free fatty acids contributes to pancreatic β-cell dysfunction. Although it is well known that metformin induces cellular energy depletion and a concomitant activation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) through inhibition of the respiratory chain, previous studies have shown inconsistent results with regard to the action of metformin on pancreatic β-cells. We therefore examined the effects of metformin on pancreatic β-cells under lipotoxic stress.

Methods

NIT-1 cells and mouse islets were exposed to palmitate and treated with 0.05 and 0.5 mM metformin. Cell viability, glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, cellular adenosine triphosphate, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and Rho kinase (ROCK) activities were measured. The phosphorylation of AMPK was evaluated by Western blot analysis and mRNA levels of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress markers and NADPH oxidase (NOX) were measured by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis.

Results

We found that metformin has protective effects on palmitate-induced β-cell dysfunction. Metformin at a concentration of 0.05 mM inhibits NOX and suppresses the palmitate-induced elevation of ER stress markers and ROS levels in a AMPK-independent manner, whereas 0.5 mM metformin inhibits ROCK activity and activates AMPK.

Conclusion

This study suggests that the action of metformin on β-cell lipotoxicity was implemented by different molecular pathways depending on its concentration. Metformin at a usual therapeutic dose is supposed to alleviate lipotoxic β-cell dysfunction through inhibition of oxidative stress and ER stress.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by  
  • Metformin enhances METTL14-Mediated m6A methylation to alleviate NIT-1 cells apoptosis induced by hydrogen peroxide
    Si-min Zhou, Xin-ming Yao, Yi Cheng, Yu-jie Xing, Yue Sun, Qiang Hua, Shu-jun Wan, Xiang-jian Meng
    Heliyon.2024; 10(2): e24432.     CrossRef
  • Roles of m6A modification in regulating PPER pathway in cadmium-induced pancreatic β cell death
    Yifei Sun, Rongxian Li, Wenhong Li, Nan Zhang, Guofen Liu, Bo Zhao, Zongqin Mei, Shiyan Gu, Zuoshun He
    Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety.2024; 282: 116672.     CrossRef
  • Reduced Expression Level of Protein PhosphatasePPM1EServes to Maintain Insulin Secretion in Type 2 Diabetes
    Sevda Gheibi, Luis Rodrigo Cataldo, Alexander Hamilton, Mi Huang, Sebastian Kalamajski, Malin Fex, Hindrik Mulder
    Diabetes.2023; 72(4): 455.     CrossRef
  • Metformin restores prohormone processing enzymes and normalizes aberrations in secretion of proinsulin and insulin in palmitate‐exposed human islets
    Quan Wen, Azazul Islam Chowdhury, Banu Aydin, Mudhir Shekha, Rasmus Stenlid, Anders Forslund, Peter Bergsten
    Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2023; 25(12): 3757.     CrossRef
  • Treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus with stem cells and antidiabetic drugs: a dualistic and future-focused approach
    Priyamvada Amol Arte, Kanchanlata Tungare, Mustansir Bhori, Renitta Jobby, Jyotirmoi Aich
    Human Cell.2023; 37(1): 54.     CrossRef
  • Metformin disrupts insulin secretion, causes proapoptotic and oxidative effects in rat pancreatic beta‐cells in vitro
    Maíra M.R. Valle, Eloisa Aparecida Vilas‐Boas, Camila F. Lucena, Simone A. Teixeira, Marcelo N. Muscara, Angelo R. Carpinelli
    Journal of Biochemical and Molecular Toxicology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Protection by metformin against severe Covid-19: An in-depth mechanistic analysis
    Nicolas Wiernsperger, Abdallah Al-Salameh, Bertrand Cariou, Jean-Daniel Lalau
    Diabetes & Metabolism.2022; 48(4): 101359.     CrossRef
  • Insight Into Rho Kinase Isoforms in Obesity and Energy Homeostasis
    Lei Wei, Jianjian Shi
    Frontiers in Endocrinology.2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Overexpression of miR-297b-5p Promotes Metformin-Mediated Protection Against Stearic Acid-Induced Senescence by Targeting Igf1r
    Qingrui Zhao, Shenghan Su, Yuqing Lin, Xuebei Li, Lingfeng Dan, Yunjin Zhang, Chunxiao Yang, Xiaohan Li, Yimeng Dong, Chenchen Geng, Changhao Sun, Xia Chu, Huimin Lu
    SSRN Electronic Journal .2022;[Epub]     CrossRef
  • Metformin Dysregulates the Unfolded Protein Response and the WNT/β-Catenin Pathway in Endometrial Cancer Cells through an AMPK-Independent Mechanism
    Domenico Conza, Paola Mirra, Gaetano Calì, Luigi Insabato, Francesca Fiory, Francesco Beguinot, Luca Ulianich
    Cells.2021; 10(5): 1067.     CrossRef
  • NADPH Oxidase (NOX) Targeting in Diabetes: A Special Emphasis on Pancreatic β-Cell Dysfunction
    Suma Elumalai, Udayakumar Karunakaran, Jun-Sung Moon, Kyu-Chang Won
    Cells.2021; 10(7): 1573.     CrossRef
  • Metformin use and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease: a nationwide cohort study
    Min Ho Kim, Hyung Jung Oh, Soon Hyo Kwon, Jin Seok Jeon, Hyunjin Noh, Dong Cheol Han, Hyoungnae Kim, Dong-Ryeol Ryu
    Kidney Research and Clinical Practice.2021; 40(4): 660.     CrossRef
  • Different Effects of Metformin and A769662 on Sodium Iodate-Induced Cytotoxicity in Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cells: Distinct Actions on Mitochondrial Fission and Respiration
    Chi-Ming Chan, Ponarulselvam Sekar, Duen-Yi Huang, Shu-Hao Hsu, Wan-Wan Lin
    Antioxidants.2020; 9(11): 1057.     CrossRef
  • Metformin Reduces Lipotoxicity-Induced Meta-Inflammation in β-Cells through the Activation of GPR40-PLC-IP3 Pathway
    Ximei Shen, Beibei Fan, Xin Hu, Liufen Luo, Yuanli Yan, Liyong Yang
    Journal of Diabetes Research.2019; 2019: 1.     CrossRef

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