Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Seohyun Kim

3 Articles

Technology/Device
Comparison of Real-Time and Intermittently-Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring for Glycemic Control in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Nationwide Cohort Study: Ji Yoon Kim, Seohyun Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2025;49(3):436-447. Published online February 27, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0160

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Background
This study compares the association between real-time continuous glucose monitoring (rtCGM) and intermittently- scanned CGM (isCGM) and glycemic control in individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in a real-world setting.
Methods
Using data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service Cohort, individuals with T1DM managed by intensive insulin therapy were followed at 3-month intervals for 2 years after the initiation of CGM. The glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and coefficients of variation (CVs) of rtCGM and isCGM users were compared using independent two-sample t-test and a linear mixed model.
Results
The analyses considered 7,786 individuals (5,875 adults aged ≥19 years and 1,911 children and adolescents aged <19 years). Overall, a significant reduction in HbA1c level was observed after 3 months of CGM, and the effect was sustained for 2 years. The mean HbA1c level at baseline was higher in rtCGM users than in isCGM users (8.9%±2.7% vs. 8.6%±2.2%, P<0.001). However, from 3 to 24 months, rtCGM users had lower HbA1c levels than isCGM users at every time point (7.1%±1.2% vs. 7.5%±1.3% at 24 months, P<0.001 for all time points). In both adults and children, the greater reduction in HbA1c with rtCGM remained significant after adjusting for the baseline characteristics of the users. The CV also showed greater decrease with rtCGM than with isCGM.
Conclusion
In this large nationwide cohort study, the use of rtCGM was associated with a greater improvement in glycemic control, including HbA1c reduction, than the use of isCGM in both adults and children with T1DM.

Metabolic Risk/Epidemiology
Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease and All-Cause and Cause-Specific Mortality: Rosa Oh, Seohyun Kim, So Hyun Cho, Jiyoon Kim, You-Bin Lee, Sang-Man Jin, Kyu Yeon Hur, Gyuri Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim; Diabetes Metab J. 2025;49(1):80-91. Published online August 28, 2024; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0042

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4 Web of Science
6 Crossref

Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub

Background
Given the association between nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and metabolic risks, a new term, metabolic dysfunction- associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) has been proposed. We aimed to explore the association between MASLD and all-cause, cause-specific mortalities.
Methods
We included individuals with steatotic liver disease (SLD) from the Korean National Health Insurance Service. Moreover, SLD was defined as a fatty liver index ≥30. Furthermore, MASLD, metabolic alcohol-associated liver disease (MetALD), and alcoholic liver disease (ALD) with metabolic dysfunction (MD) were categorized based on alcohol consumption and MD. We also analyzed all-cause, liver-, cancer-, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)- and cardiovascular (CV)-related mortalities.
Results
This retrospective nationwide cohort study included 1,298,993 individuals aged 40 to 79 years for a mean follow-up duration of 9.04 years. The prevalence of MASLD, MetALD, and ALD with MD was 33.11%, 3.93%, and 1.00%, respectively. Relative to the “no SLD” group, multivariable analysis identified that MASLD (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.28; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.26 to 1.31), MetALD (aHR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.32 to 1.44), and ALD with MD group (aHR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.68 to 1.93) have a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality. Furthermore, MASLD, MetALD, ALD with MD groups showed higher liver-, cancer-, and HCC-related mortality than “no SLD” group. While all-cause specific mortalities increase from MASLD to MetALD to ALD with MD, the MetALD group shows a lower risk of CV-related mortality compared to MASLD. However, ALD with MD group still have a higher risk of CV-related mortality compared to MASLD.
Conclusion
SLD is associated with an increased risk of all-cause, liver-, cancer-, HCC-, and CV-related mortalities.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

KASL clinical practice guidelines for the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease 2025
Won Sohn, Young-Sun Lee, Soon Sun Kim, Jung Hee Kim, Young-Joo Jin, Gi-Ae Kim, Pil Soo Sung, Jeong-Ju Yoo, Young Chang, Eun Joo Lee, Hye Won Lee, Miyoung Choi, Su Jong Yu, Young Kul Jung, Byoung Kuk Jang
Clinical and Molecular Hepatology.2025; 31(Suppl): S1. CrossRef
Diagnosis and Management of Early Stages of ALD
Jordi Gratacós-Ginès, Edilmar Alvarado-Tapias, David Martí-Aguado, Hugo López-Pelayo, Ramón Bataller, Elisa Pose
Seminars in Liver Disease.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Refining Risk Estimates of Colorectal Cancer in Steatotic Liver Disease: Insights on Methodological Challenges
Wei-Chun Cheng, Ching-Nung Wu, Pin-Nan Cheng
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Synergistic benefit of thiazolidinedione and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease in type 2 diabetes: a 24-week, open-label, randomized controlled trial
Minyoung Lee, Sukchul Hong, Yongin Cho, Hyungjin Rhee, Min Heui Yu, Jaehyun Bae, Yong-ho Lee, Byung-Wan Lee, Eun Seok Kang, Bong-Soo Cha
BMC Medicine.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
Reply
Takefumi Kimura, Nobuharu Tamaki, Masayuki Kurosaki
Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology.2025;[Epub] CrossRef
High-Sensitivity C-Reactive Protein Levels in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD), Metabolic Alcohol-Associated Liver Disease (MetALD), and Alcoholic Liver Disease (ALD) with Metabolic Dysfunction
Seong-Uk Baek, Jin-Ha Yoon
Biomolecules.2024; 14(11): 1468. CrossRef

Technology/Device
Current Status of Continuous Glucose Monitoring Use in South Korean Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Population–Pronounced Age-Related Disparities: Nationwide Cohort Study: Ji Yoon Kim, Seohyun Kim, Jae Hyeon Kim; Received December 9, 2024 Accepted February 3, 2025 Published online April 28, 2025; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2024.0804 [Epub ahead of print]

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Abstract PDF Supplementary Material PubReader ePub: Background
This study aims to identify the status of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) use among individuals with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in South Korea and to investigate whether age-related disparities exist.
Methods
Individuals with T1DM receiving intensive insulin therapy were identified from the Korean National Health Insurance Cohort (2019–2022). Characteristics of CGM users and non-users were compared, and the prescription rates of CGM and sensor- augmented pump (SAP) or automated insulin delivery (AID) systems according to age groups (<19, 19–39, 40–59, and ≥60 years) were analyzed using chi-square tests. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels and coefficients of variation (CV) among CGM users were also examined.
Results
Among the 56,908 individuals with T1DM, 10,822 (19.0%) used CGM at least once, and 6,073 (10.7%) used CGM continuously. Only 241 (0.4%) individuals utilized either SAP or AID systems. CGM users were younger than non-users. The continuous prescription rate of CGM was highest among individuals aged <19 years (37.0%), followed by those aged 19–39 years (15.8%), 40–59 years (10.7%), and ≥60 years (3.9%) (P<0.001 for between-group differences). Among CGM users, HbA1c levels decreased from 8.7%±2.4% at baseline to 7.2%±1.2% at 24 months, and CV decreased from 36.6%±11.9% at 3 months to 34.1%±12.7% at 24 months.
Conclusion
Despite national reimbursement for CGM devices, the prescription rates of CGM remain low, particularly among older adults. Given the improvements in HbA1c and CV following CGM initiation, more efforts are needed to increase CGM utilization and reduce age-related disparities.

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