- Cardiovascular Risk/Epidemiology
- Comparative Effects of Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitor and Thiazolidinedione Treatment on Risk of Stroke among Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
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Seung Eun Lee, Hyewon Nam, Han Seok Choi, Hoseob Kim, Dae-Sung Kyoung, Kyoung-Ah Kim
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Diabetes Metab J. 2022;46(4):567-577. Published online February 8, 2022
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2021.0160
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 Abstract
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- Background
Although cardiovascular outcome trials using sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) showed a reduction in risk of 3-point major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), they did not demonstrate beneficial effects on stroke risk. Additionally, meta-analysis showed SGLT-2i potentially had an adverse effect on stroke risk. Contrarily, pioglitazone, a type of thiazolidinedione (TZD), has been shown to reduce recurrent stroke risk. Thus, we aimed to compare the effect of SGLT-2i and TZD on the risk of stroke in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients.
Methods
Using the Korean National Health Insurance Service data, we compared a 1:1 propensity score-matched cohort of patients who used SGLT-2i or TZD from January 2014 to December 2018. The primary outcome was stroke. The secondary outcomes were myocardial infarction (MI), cardiovascular death, 3-point MACE, and heart failure (HF).
Results
After propensity-matching, each group included 56,794 patients. Baseline characteristics were well balanced. During the follow-up, 862 patients were newly hospitalized for stroke. The incidence rate of stroke was 4.11 and 4.22 per 1,000 person-years for the TZD and SGLT-2i groups respectively. The hazard ratio (HR) of stroke was 1.054 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.904 to 1.229) in the SGLT-2i group compared to the TZD group. There was no difference in the risk of MI, cardiovascular death, 3-point MACE between groups. Hospitalization for HF was significantly decreased in SGLT-2i-treated patients (HR, 0.645; 95% CI, 0.466 to 0.893). Results were consistent regardless of prior cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion
In this real-world data, the risk of stroke was comparable in T2DM patients treated with SGLT-2i or TZD.
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Citations
Citations to this article as recorded by  - Similar incidence of stroke with SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists in real-world cohort studies among patients with type 2 diabetes
André J. Scheen
Diabetes Epidemiology and Management.2024; 13: 100179. CrossRef - Diabetes and Stroke: Impact of Novel Therapies for the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Inês Henriques Vieira, Tânia Santos Carvalho, Joana Saraiva, Leonor Gomes, Isabel Paiva
Biomedicines.2024; 12(5): 1102. CrossRef - Key results from observational studies and real‐world evidence of sodium‐glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitor effectiveness and safety in reducing cardio‐renal risk
Thomas Nyström
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2024; 26(S5): 35. CrossRef - Comparison of Statin With Ezetimibe Combination Therapy Versus Statin Monotherapy for Primary Prevention in Middle-Aged Adults
Jung-Joon Cha, Soon Jun Hong, Subin Lim, Ju Hyeon Kim, Hyung Joon Joo, Jae Hyoung Park, Cheol Woong Yu, Do-Sun Lim, Jang Young Kim, Jin-Ok Jeong, Jeong-Hun Shin, Chi Young Shim, Jong-Young Lee, Young-Hyo Lim, Sung Ha Park, Eun Joo Cho, Hasung Kim, Jungkuk
Korean Circulation Journal.2024; 54(9): 534. CrossRef - Lobeglitazone, a novel thiazolidinedione, for secondary prevention in patients with ischemic stroke: a nationwide nested case-control study
Joonsang Yoo, Jimin Jeon, Minyoul Baik, Jinkwon Kim
Cardiovascular Diabetology.2023;[Epub] CrossRef - Do SGLT2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists modulate differently the risk of stroke ? Discordance between randomised controlled trials and observational studies
André J. Scheen
Diabetes & Metabolism.2023; 49(5): 101474. CrossRef
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