- Effect of Adipose Differentiation-Related Protein (ADRP) on Glucose Uptake of Skeletal Muscle.
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Yun Hyi Ku, Min Kim, Sena Kim, Ho Seon Park, Han Jong Kim, In Kyu Lee, Dong Hoon Shin, Sung Soo Chung, Sang Gyu Park, Young Min Cho, Hong Kyu Lee, Kyong Soo Park
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Korean Diabetes J. 2009;33(3):206-214. Published online June 1, 2009
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2009.33.3.206
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 Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Skeletal muscle is the most important tissue contributing to insulin resistance. Several studies have shown that accumulation of intramyocellular lipid is associated with the development of insulin resistance. Thus, proteins involved in lipid transport, storage and metabolism might also be involved in insulin action in skeletal muscle. Adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP), which is localized at the surface of lipid droplets, is known to be regulated by peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma). However, it is not known whether ADRP plays a role in regulating glucose uptake and insulin action in skeletal muscle. METHODS: ADRP expression in skeletal muscle was measured by RT-PCR and western blot in db/db mice with and without PPARgamma agonist. The effect of PPARgamma agonist or high lipid concentration (0.4% intralipos) on ADRP expression was also obtained in cultured human skeletal muscle cells. Glucose uptake was measured when ADRP was down-regulated with siRNA or when ADRP was overexpressed with adenovirus. RESULTS: ADRP expression increased in the skeletal muscle of db/db mice in comparison with normal controls and tended to increase with the treatment of PPARgamma agonist. In cultured human skeletal muscle cells, the treatment of PPARgamma agonist or high lipid concentration increased ADRP expression. siADRP treatment decreased both basal and insulin-stimulated glucose uptake whereas ADRP overexpression increased glucose uptake in cultured human skeletal muscle cells. CONCLUSION: ADRP expression in skeletal muscle is increased by PPARgamma agonist or exposure to high lipid concentration. In these conditions, increased ADRP contributed to increase glucose uptake. These results suggest that insulin-sensitizing effects of PPARgamma are at least partially achieved by the increase of ADRP expression, and ADRP has a protective effect against intramyocellular lipid-induced insulin resistance.
- Mitochondrial DNA 5178 C>A Polymorphism is Associated with Serum Lipid Levels.
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Hyeon Jae Kim, Min Young Cho, Min Kim, Ku Cheol Park, Goo Jun Kang, Cheol Hak Jang, Yeon Seong Kim, Kyu Hong Lee, Soo Kyong Park
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Korean Diabetes J. 2004;28(6):501-510. Published online December 1, 2004
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
The mitochondrial DNA 5178 C>A polymorphism (Mt5178A) has been reported to the be associated with longevity, serum lipid levels and acute myocardial infarction in Japanese population. However, most of the studies on this subject have been confined to the Japanese population, and there have been fewer studies that tried to prove the association between Mt5178A polymorphism and type 2 diabetes or diabetic macrovascular complication. METHODS: The mt5178A polymorphism was genotyped in 658 type 2 diabetic patients and 334 non-diabetic controls subjects, and information on all the subjects' coronary heart disease and cerebrovascular disease was obtained from chart records. The anthropometric parameters, fasting blood glucose, insulin and lipid profiles were then measured. RESULTS: The frequency of the Mt5178A genotype in the control group (109/334; 32.6%) was not different from that found in the type 2 diabetic patients (223/658; 33.9%). The prevalence of cerebrovascular disease and coronary heart disease in the type 2 diabetic patients was not different between the Mt5178A genotype and the Mt5178C genotype. However, after adjustments for age and the body mass index, the HDL cholesterol concentration in men carrying the Mt5178A genotype was significantly higher than the HDL cholesterol concentration in men carrying the Mt5178C genotype (P = 0.007). The triglyceride concentration in women carrying the Mt5178A genotype was significantly lower than that in women carrying the Mt5178C genotype (P = 0.007). In addition, the frequency of the Mt5178A genotype in the control group increased with advanced age (P = 0.002). CONCLUSION: We could not find the association between Mt5178A and type 2 diabetes or diabetic macrovascular complication. However, the Mt5178 C>A polymorphism is associated with serum lipid levels and its frequency is increased with advanced age
- Clinical Characteristics of S20G Mutation of Amylin Gene in Korean Type 2 Diabetic Patients.
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Young Min Cho, Min Kim, Yun Yong Lee, Min Kyong Moon, Kyong Soo Park, Seong Yeon Kim, Hong Kyu Lee
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Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(5):377-382. Published online October 1, 2002
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Islet amyloid deposition, which is mainly composed of amylin, is a characteristic pathological finding in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. A missense mutation of amylin at amino acid 20, from Serine to Glycine (S20G), has been shown to be associated with type 2 diabetes in Japanese. In this study, we examined the frequency and clinical characteristics of the S20G mutation in Korean type 2 diabetic patients. METHODS: We studied 364 unrelated patients with type 2 diabetes from Seoul National University Hospital and compared them with 70 non-diabetic subjects. We measured their weight, height, blood pressure and the circumferences of their waist and hips, in order to obtain their prediabetic maximal body weight. Their Fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglyceride and high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were measured. To detect the S20G mutation, we used the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method. The clinical features of the patients with the S20G mutation were compared with those without the mutation. RESULTS: The S20G mutation was found in 7 of the 364 diabetic patients (1.9 %) and in 1 of the 70 non-diabetic control subjects (1.4 %). The body mass index (BMI) of the patients with the S20G mutation was lower than in those with wild type (21.2+/-1.8 vs. 24.3+/-3.0 kg/m2; p<0.01). The prediabetic maximal BMI was also lower in the patients with S20G mutation (22.4+/-2.3 vs. 26.4+/-3.2 kg/m2; p<0.01) than in those with the wild type. The patients with the S20G mutation had a higher HbA1c level compared to those with the wild type (9.3+/-1.4 vs. 7.7+/-1.3%; p<0.01). CONCLUSION: The frequency of the S20G mutation of the amylin gene was 1.9% in the unrelated type 2 diabetic Korean patients. The S20G mutation is associated with a lower BMI and poor glycemic control.
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