- Mesurement of GAD Antibodies using Radioligand Binding Assay, IRMA and RIA in Patients with Tye 1 Diabetes Mellitus.
-
In Kyu Lee, Hyoung Woo Lee, Kyu Chang Won, Hyun Dae Yoon, In Ho Cho, Ji Sung Yoon, Sang Yiup Nam, Jung Hyun Oh, Jin Cheol Park, Jae Hong Kim
-
Korean Diabetes J. 1999;23(3):278-287. Published online January 1, 2001
-
-
-
 Abstract
 PDF
- BACKGROUND
Type 1 diabetes mellitus is an autoimmune disease in which serum antibodies against islet antigens have been recognized. These antibodies include insulin autoantibodies (IAAs), cytoplasmic islet cell antibodies (ICA) and GAD antibodies. Recently, there has been increasing interest in the use of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA) for the identification of subjects with increased risk of developing type 1 diabetes. GAD antibodies were first discovered in 1982 and is detected persistently after long duration of type 1 diabetes, whereas ICA is transient. However, because the classic immunoprecipitation assays of GAD antibodies is still rather time-consuming, a more simple and reproducible radiolignad binding assay (RBA) is has been widely used recently. The RIA (radioimmunoassay) and IRMA (immunoradiome- tricassay) for GAD antibodies using (125)I-labelled human GAD has been developed, The aim of the present study is to evaluate the usefulness of each methods. METHODS: We measured GAD antibodies by RBA with in vitro spathesized recombinani S-methio- nine-labelled GAD65, and protein A-sepharose to separate free from antibody-bound ligand and radioimmunoassay and immunoradiometric assay using 'I-labelled human GAD kit, in addition to measurement of ICAs by standard indirect immunofluorescence technique in 26 patients with type 1 diabetes(male 10, female 16, mean age 14 years) and 10 normal controls(male 5, female 5, mean age 15 years). RESULTS: The overall prevalence of GAD antibodies by RBA and RIA in patients with type 1 diabetes was 38% (10/26), respectively. The prevalence of GAD antibodies by IRMA in patients with type 1 diabetes was 31% (8/26). The frequency of GAD antibodies by RBA,IRMA and RIA increased as the JDF unit of ICA increased. There is a significant correlation between the GAD index (by RBA) and GAD concentration (by RIAand IRMA). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that GAD antibodies (by RIA or RBA or IRMA) is useful for screening and diagnosis of type 1 diabetes in Korean, but long-term prospective studies on large cohorts of patients is necessary.
- HbA1c Concentration of Elderly Diabetic Patients with the Hypoglycemic Shock who were Admitted via Emergency Room.
-
Jin Cheol Park, Hyung Joon Yoo, Hae Seang Yim, Yong Tae Kim, Do Kyun Jin, Hyun Kyu Kim, Doo Man Kim, Jae Myung Yoo, Sung Hee Ihm, Moon Gi Choi, Sung Woo Park
-
Korean Diabetes J. 1998;22(4):546-551. Published online January 1, 2001
-
-
-
Abstract
PDF
- BACKGROUND
Mild degree of hypoglycemia is not unusual during drug therapy in elderly diabetic patients. However it is very difficult that the precise incidence of hypoglycemia is measured in elderly patients because the decreased cognitive function and autonomic dysfunction contribute to atypical hypoglycemic symptoms and signs. Therefore, most cases of elderly diabetic patients with hypoglycemia are discovered in comatose mental state. We did this study to evaluate the clinical charaeteristics of elderly diabetic patients with the hypoglycemic shock who were admitted via emergency room. METHODS: We analyzed the precipitating factors, mental status, and blood chemistries of the adult group(n=22, age 51+3.6 year, BMI-19 kg/m2) and elderly group(n=37, age=72+4.3 year, BMI=23 kg/m) that were classified by the point of 65 years old who were admitted via emergency room in state of the hypoglycemic shock. RESULTS: 1) In the precipitating factor of hypoglycemia, irregular oral intake was found in 64%(14/22) of the adult group and 64%(23/37) of the elderly group, and drug overdose was found in 27 %(1.6/22) of the adult group and 24%(9/37) of the elderly group. But there, was no significant difference between the adult and elderly group. 2) Those who arrived at the emerency room in comatose mental status were found in 45.5 % of adult group and 54.1 % of elderly group, that was no difference stastically. 3) HbA 1c was 5.8 +- 0.27% in elderly group and 8.0 +- 0.63% in the adult group who arrived at the emergency room, which was stastically significant difference between two groups. CONCLUSION: We concluded that lower HbA 1c in the elderly group than adult group who arrived at the emergency room suggest there was probability of unrecognized mild hypoglycemia before the onset of hypoglycemic shock.
|
KDA
