- Effects of Aging and Obesity on Insulin Secretion and Sensitivity.
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J Y Kim, J H Jee, H J Kim, B W Lee, Y J Chung, J H Chung, Y K Min, M S Lee, M K Lee, K W Kim
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Korean Diabetes J. 2005;29(1):39-47. Published online January 1, 2005
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 Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Type 2 diabetes is occurring in epidemic proportions worldwide and aging has been defined as one of the risk factors for the progression to diabetes. The mechanism responsible for deterioration of glucose tolerance with aging is still unclear. It has been debated whether this deterioration results from an abnormal beta cell secretory function or/and decreased insulin sensitivity, from the aging process per se, or some other factors, such as an increase in BMI and abdominal fat. The changes in the insulin secretion and sensitivity were assessed in relation to aging and obesity, and the association between obesity and factors influencing glucose homeostasis in obese subjects evaluated. METHODS: 530 individuals, aged 24 to 75 years, having undergone a 75 g OGTT were enrolled, and the insulinogenic index and HOMA-IR calculated for each subject. 212 individuals were obese, i.e. a BMI above 25, which was evaluated from the body composition by CT at the umbilicus and thigh levels. RESULTS: There was negative correlation between the insulinogenic index and age, but not between HOMA-IR and age. In relation to increasing age, the body composition changed toward a metabolically obese state, with increasing WHR, visceral fat area, VSR and VWR. Both the insulinogenic index and HOMA-IR were positively correlated with the anthropometric parameters. CONCLUSION: The age-associated deterioration in glucose tolerance may be due to decreases in both insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity from changes in body composition
- Normative Data of Intima-medial Thickness in Korean Adults and the Estimation of the Relative Risk of Macrovascular Diseases Using this Data in Type 2 Diabetic Subjects.
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H J Kim, Y J Won, D J Kim, C W Ahn, B S Cha, S K Lim, K R Kim, H C Lee, K B Huh
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Korean Diabetes J. 2003;27(3):288-298. Published online June 1, 2003
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
The reference values of the carotid mean intima-medial thickness (IMT), in subjects without diabetes or macrovascular diseases, were estimated, which were used to establish the relative risks of macrovascular diseases in type 2 diabetic subjects. METHODS: High resolution B-mode ultrasonography was performed in 1229 nondiabetic subjects, without ischemic heart disease, cerebral infarction or peripheral vascular disease, and in 830 type 2 diabetic subjects. The nondiabetic subjects were participating in medical checkups at the Health Promotion Center. The height, weight, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride, high density lipoprotein-cholesterol and fasting insulin level were measured in all subjects. RESULTS: The nondiabetic subjects, without ischemic heart disease, cerebral infarction or peripheral arterial obstructive diseases, were classified by age (31~40, 41~50, 51~60, 61~70 and >70 years) and sex. There were significant differences between the diabetic and nondiabetic subjects in relation to the age groups, but no significant difference was found between the sexes. Independent risk factors associated with the carotid mean IMT in the nondiabetic subjects were age, systolic blood pressure and body mass index, and those in the diabetic subjects were age, duration of diabetes and a low density lipoprotein-cholesterol level. The relative risks of ischemic heart disease, cerebral infarction and peripheral vascular disease, due to the presence of an increased IMT, were 2.34 (CI; 1.32~4.14), 2.95 (CI; 1.57~5.54) and 3.64 (CI; 1.79~7.40) in the diabetic subjects. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the reference values of the IMT, as classified by age, in the subjects without diabetes or macrovascular diseases, favorably reflected the risks of macrovascular diseases in the type 2 diabetic subjects
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