- The Prevalence and Incidence of Diabetes in Mokdong, Seoul.
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Jee Young Oh, Hye Jin Lee, Eun Soon Hong, Young Sun Hong, Yeon Ah Sung, Sun Hee Lee
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Korean Diabetes J. 2003;27(1):73-83. Published online February 1, 2003
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 Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Diabetes has recently become a major public health problem due to the socioeconomic changes in Korea. Epidemiological data for diabetes are needed to establish disease control and health improvement programs in the community. Considering the tendency for larger concentrations of the population in the urban areas of Korea, epidemiological studies in these areas are essential. This this was performed to determine the epidemiologic characteristics, prevalence, and incidence of diabetes in Korean urban communities. METHODS: The target cohort of this study was randomly selected from 20,222 residents living in the Mokdong apartment areas one, two, five and six, Yangcheon-Gu, Seoul. Of the 20,222 residents, 1,011 were residents, of which 766 (male 264, female 502) subjects participated and 372 subjects without diabetes at baseline examination followed up for 2 years. At the baseline and follow-up examination, all subjects underwent a 75g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and anthropometric measurements (height, weight, waist to hip ratio, pulse rate, blood pressure, and subcutaneous skin fold thickness) were performed. RESULTS: There was an 8.5% prevalence of diabetes and 7.8% with impaired glucose regulation (IGR), including impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG). The age-adjusted prevalence of diabetes IGR were 8.4% and 7.1%, respectively. The prevalence of diabetes or IGR increased with increasing age. The prevalence of diabetes was associated with aging, family history of diabetes, and high levels of waist to hip ratio. The age-adjusted annual incidence rate of diabetes for subjects over 40 years of age at the baseline was 1.3%. The risk factors for the development of incident diabetes, from a multiple logistic regression analysis, were the waist to hip ratio and the 2-hour postload serum glucose concentrations. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of diabetes in the Mokdong apartment area was slightly higher than in Yonchon, Jungup, or Beijing. The annual incidence of diabetes was lower than that found in the studies in Yonchon or in Pima Indian, but higher than those of Caucasians or American Hispanics.
- Pospartum Assessment of Insulin Secretion and Sensitivity in Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM).
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Eun Soon Hong, Hye Jin Lee, Young Sun Hong, Eon Ah Sung, Yeon Jin Jang
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Korean Diabetes J. 2002;26(5):319-327. Published online October 1, 2002
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Abstract
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- BACKGROUND
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) affects 2~4% of all pregnant women. Women with a history of GDM are at high risk of developing type 2 DM, in the future; with a cumulative incidence is 40~60%. Therefore, the assessment of insulin secretion and sensitivity in women with a history of GDM should help in the elucidation of some of the underlying defects of insulin secretion or action in the evolution of type 2 DM. This study was performed to evaluate the characteristics of insulin secretory capacity and sensitivity in women with gestational diabetes following child birth. METHODS: Oral glucose tolerance tests were carried out at 6~8 weeks postpartum in 22 women with a history of GDM, and 20 age and weight matched non- pregnant controls. Frequently sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test (FSIGT) were done at 10~14 weeks postpartm, and insulin secretion was measured as the acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg) and insulin sensitivity as minimal model derived sensitivity index (SI). AIRg*SI was used as an index for beta-cell function because AIRg can be modulated by SI. RESULTS: According to the results of OGTT, the subjects with a history of GDM were classified into 2 groups, one of normal glucose tolerance (postpartum-NGT) (n=11) and the other of an impaired glucose tolerance (postpartum-IGT)(n=11). There were no significant differences in WHR (waist to hip ratio), blood pressure, and serum lipid concentrations among the controls, postpartum-NGT and postpartum-IGT group. The fasting glucose level was significantly higher in the postpartum-IGT group compared to the postpartum-NGT and control groups (p<0.05). The fasting serum insulin level was significantly lower in the postpartum-NGT and -IGT groups than in the control group (p<0.05). The AIRg and AIRg*SI were significantly lower in the postpartum-NGT and -IGT groups compared to the control group (p<0.05), however the SI was lower in the postpartum-NGT and -IGT groups compared to the control group, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. The percentage of parental with history of type 2 diabetes was significantly greater in the postpartum-IGT group compared to the postpartum-NGT group (p<0.05). No significant predictive factors for subsequent IGT were found inform a logistic regression analysis. CONCLUSION: The insulin secretory capacity of women previously having suffered GDM was impaired, even though their glucose tolerance was restored to normal following child birth. Our results suggest that impaired insulin secretion may be a major path-ophysiological factor in the development of type 2 DM in women with a previous history of GDM.
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KDA
