Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Copyright © 2018 Korean Diabetes Association
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Values are presented as number (%) or median (interquartile range). Demographic and biochemical characteristics were compared using chi-square test for categorical variables and Kruskal-Wallis test for continuous variables.
BMI, body mass index; BP, blood pressure; HbA1c, glycosylated hemoglobin; NPDR, nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy; PDR, proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
Values are presented as number (%). Model 1, adjusted for gender (male, female) and age (years); Model 2, adjusted for gender (male, female), age (years), smoking (current, former, never), body mass index (BMI, kg/m2), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c, %), duration of diabetes (years), hypertension (no, yes), history of coronary heart disease (no, yes), and previous stroke (no, yes); Model 3, adjusted for gender (male, female), age (years), smoking (current, former, never), BMI (kg/m2), HbA1c (%), duration of diabetes (years), hypertension (no, yes), diabetic retinopathy (no, yes), and previous stroke (no, yes); Model 4, adjusted for gender (male, female), age (years), smoking (current, former, never), BMI (kg/m2), HbA1c (%), duration of diabetes (years), hypertension (no, yes), diabetic retinopathy (no, yes), and history of coronary heart disease (no, yes). Odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for development of metabolic syndrome were estimated using logistic regression models. All P values and 95% CI for OR were corrected by Bonferroni's method due to multiple testing.
aP<0.001, b0.001≤P<0.01, c0.01≤P<0.05.