Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Original Articles

Complications
The Risk of Shoulder Adhesive Capsulitis in Individuals with Prediabetes and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Longitudinal Nationwide Population-Based Study: Jong-Ho Kim, Bong-Seoung Kim, Kyung-do Han, Hyuk-Sang Kwon; Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(6):869-878. Published online August 23, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0275

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Background
This study aimed to investigate the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and shoulder adhesive capsulitis (AC) using a large-scale, nationwide, population-based cohort in the Republic of Korea.
Methods
A total of 3,471,745 subjects aged over 20 years who underwent a National Health Insurance Service medical checkup between 2009 and 2010 were included in this study, and followed from the date of their medical checkup to the end of 2018. Subjects were classified into the following four groups based on the presence of dysglycemia and history of diabetes medication: normal, prediabetes, newly diagnosed T2DM (new-T2DM), and T2DM (claim history for antidiabetic medication). The endpoint was new-onset AC during follow-up. The incidence rates (IRs) in 1,000 person-years and hazard ratios (HRs) of AC for each group were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard regression models.
Results
The IRs of AC were 9.453 (normal), 11.912 (prediabetes), 14.933 (new-T2DM), and 24.3761 (T2DM). The adjusted HRs of AC in the prediabetes, new-T2DM, and T2DM groups were 1.084 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.075 to 1.094), 1.312 (95% CI, 1.287 to 1.337), and 1.473 (95% CI, 1.452 to 1.494) compared to the normal group, respectively. This secular trend of the HRs of AC according to T2DM status was statistically significant (P<0.0001).
Conclusion
This large-scale, longitudinal, nationwide, population-based cohort study of 3,471,745 subjects confirmed that the risk of AC increases in prediabetic subjects and is associated with T2DM status.

Citations

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Impacts of preoperative anxiety and depression on pain and range of motion after arthroscopic frozen shoulder release: a cohort study
Yahia Haroun, Ahmed Saeed Younis, Wessam Fakhery Ebied, Mohamed Amr Hemida, Ahmed H. Khater
International Orthopaedics.2024;[Epub] CrossRef
SUBDIAPHRAGMATIC PHRENIC NERVE SUPPLY: A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW
María Pérez-Montalbán, Encarna García-Domínguez, Ángel Oliva-Pascual-Vaca
Annals of Anatomy - Anatomischer Anzeiger.2024; : 152269. CrossRef

Cardiovascular Risk/Epidemiology
The Ratio of Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate Based on Cystatin C and Creatinine Reflecting Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetic Patients: Ah Reum Khang, Min Jin Lee, Dongwon Yi, Yang Ho Kang; Diabetes Metab J. 2023;47(3):415-425. Published online March 6, 2023; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2022.0177

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Background
The ratio of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) based on cystatin C and creatinine (eGFR_{cystatin C}/eGF_Rcreatinine ratio) is related to accumulating atherosclerosis-promoting proteins and increased mortality in several cohorts.
Methods
We assessed whether the eGFR_{cystatin C}/eGFR_creatinine ratio is a predictor of arterial stiffness and sub-clinical atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients, who were followed up during 2008 to 2016. GFR was estimated using an equation based on cystatin C and creatinine.
Results
A total of 860 patients were stratified according to their eGFR_{cystatin C}/eGF_Rcreatinine ratio (i.e., <0.9, 0.9–1.1 [a reference group], and >1.1). Intima-media thickness was comparable among the groups; however, presence of carotid plaque was frequent in the <0.9 group (<0.9 group, 38.3%; 0.9–1.1 group, 21.6% vs. >1.1 group, 17.2%, P<0.001). Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) was faster in the <0.9 group (<0.9 group, 1,656.3±333.0 cm/sec; 0.9–1.1 group, 1,550.5±294.8 cm/sec vs. >1.1 group, 1,494.0±252.2 cm/sec, P<0.001). On comparing the <0.9 group with the 0.9–1.1 group, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of prevalence of high baPWV and carotid plaque were 2.54 (P=0.007) and 1.95 (P=0.042), respectively. Cox regression analysis demonstrated near or over 3-fold higher risks of the prevalence of high baPWV and carotid plaque in the <0.9 group without chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Conclusion
We concluded that eGFR_{cystatin C}/eGFR_creatinine ratio <0.9 was related to an increased risk of high baPWV and carotid plaque in T2DM patients, especially, those without CKD. Careful monitoring of cardiovascular disease is needed for T2DM patients with low eGFR_{cystatin C}/eGFR_creatinine ratio.

Citations

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Intraindividual difference in estimated GFR by creatinine and cystatin C, cognitive trajectories and motoric cognitive risk syndrome
Jinqi Wang, Yueruijing Liu, Rui Jin, Xiaoyu Zhao, Zhiyuan Wu, Ze Han, Zongkai Xu, Xiuhua Guo, Lixin Tao
Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation.2024; 39(5): 860. CrossRef
Research Progress of Creatinine, Cystatin C, and Their Ratio in Renal Diseases
广智杨
Advances in Clinical Medicine.2024; 14(04): 976. CrossRef
Muscle mass, creatinine, cystatin C and selective glomerular hypofiltration syndromes
Linnea Malmgren, Anders Grubb
Clinical Kidney Journal.2023; 16(8): 1206. CrossRef
Investigating kidney function changes in young adults with COVID-19: Serum creatinine level, glomerular filtration rate, and biochemical profile analysis
Nikita Matyushin, Dmitriy Ermakov, Inna Vasileva, Roza Vakolyuk, Anastasiya Spaska
Electronic Journal of General Medicine.2023; 20(6): em547. CrossRef

Arterial Stiffness by Aerobic Exercise Is Related with Aerobic Capacity, Physical Activity Energy Expenditure and Total Fat but not with Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Female Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Ji Yeon Jung, Kyung Wan Min, Hee Jung Ahn, Hwi Ryun Kwon, Jae Hyuk Lee, Kang Seo Park, Kyung Ah Han; Diabetes Metab J. 2014;38(6):439-448. Published online December 15, 2014; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2014.38.6.439

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Background

Arterial stiffness is an important factor in atherosclerosis. Thus we examined whether aerobic exercise could reduce arterial stiffness in obese women with type 2 diabetes without diabetic complication.

Methods

A total of 35 women with type 2 diabetes (body mass index, 26.6±2.8 kg/m²; age, 56.4±1.9 years; duration of diabetes, 4.7±4.8 years) were assigned to aerobic exercise group (AEG) or control group (CG). AEG completed a 12-week exercise program (3.6 to 5.2 metabolic equivalents, 3 day/week, 60 min/day), with their exercise activities monitored by accelerometers. We measured abdominal total fat area (TFA), visceral fat area (VFA), and subcutaneous fat area (SFA) by computed tomography, insulin sensitivity by insulin tolerance test (K_ITT), and augmentation index (AIx) by SphygmoCor at baseline and at the end of the 12-week program.

Results

The AIx was improved in the AEG compared with the CG (P<0.001). The percent change of AIx had significant correlation with the improvement of physical activity energy expenditure (PAEE), aerobic capacity, TFA, and SFA (r=-0.416, P=0.013; r=0.560, P<0.001; r=0.489, P=0.003; r=0.531, P=0.001, respectively), but not with insulin sensitivity, energy intake, or VFA.

Conclusion

Improvement in aortic stiffness by aerobic exercise is related with the improvement of aerobic capacity, PAEE, and total fat but not with insulin sensitivity or energy intake in obese women with type 2 diabetes.

Citations

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Relationship between objectively measured physical activity and subclinical cardiovascular disease: a systematic review
Aparna Narendrula, Ellen Brinza, Christine Horvat Davey, Chris T Longenecker, Allison R Webel
BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine.2024; 10(1): e001596. CrossRef
Aerobic training reduces pancreatic fat content and improves β‐cell function: A randomized controlled trial using IDEAL‐IQ magnetic resonance imaging
Min Li, Qidong Zheng, Joshua D. Miller, Panpan Zuo, Xiaodan Yuan, Jitao Feng, Chao Liu, Shan Bao, Qingqing Lou
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Effect of aerobic exercise on waist circumference in adults with overweight or obesity: A systematic review and meta‐analysis
Alex Armstrong, Klaus Jungbluth Rodriguez, Angelo Sabag, Yorgi Mavros, Helen M. Parker, Shelley E. Keating, Nathan A. Johnson
Obesity Reviews.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Aortic waveform responses to insulin in late versus early chronotype with metabolic syndrome
Mary‐Margaret E. Remchak, Emily M. Heiston, Anna Ballantyne, Brielle L. Dotson, Steven K. Malin
Physiological Reports.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Exercise and ectopic fat in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis
A. Sabag, K.L. Way, S.E. Keating, R.N. Sultana, H.T. O’Connor, M.K. Baker, V.H. Chuter, J. George, N.A. Johnson
Diabetes & Metabolism.2017; 43(3): 195. CrossRef
Arterial Stiffness Measured with the Cuff Oscillometric Method Is Predictive of Exercise Capacity in Patients with Cardiac Diseases
Yasushi Tazawa, Nobuyoshi Mori, Yoshiko Ogawa, Osamu Ito, Masahiro Kohzuki
The Tohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine.2016; 239(2): 127. CrossRef

The Effect of an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker on Arterial Stiffness in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Hypertension: Ji Hyun Kim, Su Jin Oh, Jung Min Lee, Eun Gyoung Hong, Jae Myung Yu, Kyung Ah Han, Kyung Wan Min, Hyun Shik Son, Sang Ah Chang; Diabetes Metab J. 2011;35(3):236-242. Published online June 30, 2011; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2011.35.3.236

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Background

Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus are major risk factors for cardiovascular disease. This study analyzed the changes in central aortic waveforms and pulse wave velocity as well as related parameters after treatment with valsartan, an angiotensin II type 1 receptor blocker, in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension.

Methods

We used pulse wave analysis to measure central aortic waveform in a total of 98 subjects. In 47 of these patients, pulse wave velocity measurements were obtained before and after 12 weeks of treatment with valsartan.

Results

In the central aortic waveform analysis, the aortic pulse pressure and augmentation index were significantly decreased after valsartan treatment, as was the aortic pulse wave velocity. Factors contributing to the improvement in pulse wave velocity were the fasting blood glucose and haemoglobin A1c levels.

Conclusion

Short-term treatment with valsartan improves arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes and hypertension, and the glucose status at baseline was associated with this effect.

Citations

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Mechanisms underlying the blood pressure‐lowering effects of empagliflozin, losartan and their combination in people with type 2 diabetes: A secondary analysis of a randomized crossover trial
Rosalie A. Scholtes, Charlotte M. Mosterd, Anne C. Hesp, Mark M. Smits, Hiddo J. L. Heerspink, Daniël H. van Raalte
Diabetes, Obesity and Metabolism.2023; 25(1): 198. CrossRef
Distinct effects of losartan and atenolol on vascular stiffness in Marfan syndrome
Ami B Bhatt, J Stewart Buck, Jonah P Zuflacht, Jessica Milian, Samoneh Kadivar, Kimberlee Gauvreau, Michael N Singh, Mark A Creager
Vascular Medicine.2015; 20(4): 317. CrossRef
The impact of angiotensin receptor blockers on arterial stiffness: a meta-analysis
Feng Peng, Hongming Pan, Bin Wang, Jinxiu Lin, Wenquan Niu
Hypertension Research.2015; 38(9): 613. CrossRef
Arterial stiffness in atherosclerotic renovascular hypertension
Ljiljana Fodor, Vedran Premužić, Vanja Ivković, Dražen Perkov, Mario Laganović, Tajana Željković Vrkić, Živka Dika, Marijana Živko, Bojan Jelaković
Journal of Hypertension.2014; 32(11): 2238. CrossRef
Improvement of arterial wall characteristics by the low-dose fluvastatin and valsartan combination in type 1 diabetes mellitus patients
Vedran Savić, Barbara Eržen, Miodrag Janić, Mojca Lunder, Maja Boncelj, Karin Kanc, Andrej Janež, Mišo Šabovič
Diabetes and Vascular Disease Research.2013; 10(5): 420. CrossRef
The association between regional arterial stiffness and diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes
Won Jun Kim, Cheol-Young Park, Se Eun Park, Eun Jung Rhee, Won Young Lee, Ki Won Oh, Sung Woo Park, Sun Woo Kim, SuJeong Song
Atherosclerosis.2012; 225(1): 237. CrossRef
Letter: The Effect of an Angiotensin Receptor Blocker on Arterial Stiffness in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Hypertension (Diabetes Metab J 2011;35:236-42)
Chul-Hee Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2011; 35(4): 427. CrossRef

The Association of Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity with 30-Minute Post-Challenge Plasma Glucose Levels in Korean Adults with No History of Type 2 Diabetes: Eun-Suk Choi, Eun-Jung Rhee, Ji-Hoon Choi, Ji-Cheol Bae, Seung-Hyun Yoo, Won-Jun Kim, Se-Eun Park, Cheol-Young Park, Won-Young Lee, Yong-Kyun Cho, Ki-Won Oh, Sung-Woo Park, Sun-Woo Kim; Korean Diabetes J. 2010;34(5):287-293. Published online October 31, 2010; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2010.34.5.287

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Background

Acute postprandial hyperglycemia is an important affector for atherosclerosis in subjects with glucose intolerance. We analyzed the relationship of brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) with fasting and post-challenge plasma glucose levels according to different time points during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT).

Methods

In 663 subjects with fasting hyperglycemia, 75 g OGTT were performed to confirm the glucose tolerant status, and fasting, post-challenge 30-minute and 120-minute glucose levels were measured. Anthropometric measurements were done, and fasting lipid profiles were measured. baPWV were measured in all subjects and the relationship between fasting, 30- and 120-minute post-challenge glucose levels and baPWV were analyzed.

Results

Among the participants, 62.9% were prediabetes and 31.7% were diabetes. Mean baPWV value was significantly higher in subjects with diabetes compared with prediabetes group. In bivariate correlation analyses, age, blood pressure, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, 30-minute and 120-minute post-challenge glucose levels showed significant positive correlation with baPWV value. In multiple regression analysis, 30-minute post-challenge glucose level was a weak but significant determinant for mean baPWV value even after adjustment for other confounding variables.

Conclusions

Postprandial hyperglycemia, especially 30-minute glucose levels showed significant correlation with baPWV in subjects with fasting hyperglycemia. These results can imply the deleterious effect of acute hyperglycemic excursion on arterial stiffness in subjects with glucose intolerance.

Citations

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One-Hour Post-Load Plasma Glucose Levels are Associated with Early Arterial Stiffness in Subjects with Different Glucose Tolerance
Rui Wang, Xiao-li Liu, Xiao-jiao Jia, Yan Liu, Qiang Lu
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy.2022; Volume 15: 1537. CrossRef
The Temporal Pattern of Arterial Stiffness during Aging: A Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study
Zhengli Tang, Yuanyuan Lu, Yiming Hao, Robert Morris, Di Kang, Fang Wang, Lin Fan, Weijian Wang, Yiqin Wang, Feng Cheng, Gaetano Santulli
Journal of Diabetes Research.2021; 2021: 1. CrossRef
Newly diagnosed abnormal glucose tolerance determines post-MI prognosis in patients with hospital related hyperglycaemia but without known diabetes
Sudipta Chattopadhyay, Anish George, Joseph John, Thozhukat Sathyapalan
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2020; 34(4): 107518. CrossRef
The effect of oral glucose tolerance testing on changes in arterial stiffness and blood pressure in elderly women with hypertension and relationships between the stage of diabetes and physical fitness levels
Jaesong Lee, Wonil Park, Eunsook Sung, Bokbeom Kim, Nahyun Kim, Saejong Park, Chulho Shin, Jonghoon Park
Physical Activity and Nutrition.2020; 24(4): 34. CrossRef
Two-hour post-challenge glucose is a better predictor of adverse outcome after myocardial infarction than fasting or admission glucose in patients without diabetes
Sudipta Chattopadhyay, Anish George, Joseph John, Thozhukat Sathyapalan
Acta Diabetologica.2018; 55(5): 449. CrossRef
Adjustment of the GRACE score by 2-hour post-load glucose improves prediction of long-term major adverse cardiac events in acute coronary syndrome in patients without known diabetes
Sudipta Chattopadhyay, Anish George, Joseph John, Thozhukat Sathyapalan
European Heart Journal.2018; 39(29): 2740. CrossRef
Investigating the Effect of Glucose on Aortic Pulse Wave Velocity Using Pancreatic Clamping Methodology
Houry Puzantian, Karen Teff, Raymond R. Townsend
Biological Research For Nursing.2015; 17(3): 270. CrossRef
Association between the Postprandial Glucose Levels and Arterial Stiffness Measured According to the Cardio-ankle Vascular Index in Non-diabetic Subjects
Atsuko Tsuboi, Chikako Ito, Rumi Fujikawa, Hideya Yamamoto, Yasuki Kihara
Internal Medicine.2015; 54(16): 1961. CrossRef
Insulin Sensitivity and Beta-Cell Function Are Associated with Arterial Stiffness in Individuals without Hypertension
Chuchen Meng, Min Sun, Zhixiao Wang, Qi Fu, Mengdie Cao, Zhenxin Zhu, Jia Mao, Yun Shi, Wei Tang, Xiaoping Huang, Yu Duan, Tao Yang
Journal of Diabetes Research.2013; 2013: 1. CrossRef
Urinary adiponectin concentration is positively associated with micro- and macro-vascular complications
Won Seon Jeon, Ji Woo Park, Namseok Lee, Se Eun Park, Eun Jung Rhee, Won Young Lee, Ki Won Oh, Sung Woo Park, Cheol-Young Park, Byung-Soo Youn
Cardiovascular Diabetology.2013;[Epub] CrossRef

The Changes of Central Aortic Pulse Wave Analysis in Metabolic Syndrome.: Jee In Lee, Tae Seo Sohn, Hyuk Sang Kwon, Jung Min Lee, Sang Ah Chang, Bong Yun Cha, Hyun Shik Son; Korean Diabetes J. 2008;32(6):522-528. Published online December 1, 2008; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/kdj.2008.32.6.522

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Abstract PDF

The metabolic syndrome (MS) has been characterized as a cluster of risk factors that includes dyslipidemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance and central obesity. This syndrome increases the risk of cardiovascular disease. Augmentation index (AIx), a composite of wave reflection form medium-sized muscular arteries is related to the development of coronary artery disease. The aim of this study is to examine the change on central aortic waveforms in subjects between patients with metabolic syndrome and normal subjects. Using the non-invasive technique of pulse wave analysis by applantation tonometry, we investigated central aortic waveforms in 45 patients with MS and 45 matched controls. The MS was defined by NCEP-ATP III criteria. Age did not differ between the two groups. AIx was significantly elevated in patinets with MS compared with controls (21.91 +/- 11.41% vs 18.14 +/- 11.07%; P < 0.01). Subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR) (158.09 +/- 28.69 vs 167.09 +/- 30.06; P < 0.01) was significantly decreased in patients with MS compared with controls. Only the fasting glucose (r = 0.317, P = 0.03) among the components of MS and age (r = 0.424, P = 0.004) had a positive correlation with AIx. AIx increased as the number of MS components increased. These results show that the MS increased systemic arterial stiffness. Age and fasting blood glucose are independent risk factors of arterial stiffness in MS. The individual MS components, except for fasting blood glucose, do not affect arterial stiffness independently. But the clustering of MS components might interact to synergistically affect arterial stiffness.

Citations

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Arterial Stiffness by Aerobic Exercise Is Related with Aerobic Capacity, Physical Activity Energy Expenditure and Total Fat but not with Insulin Sensitivity in Obese Female Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Ji Yeon Jung, Kyung Wan Min, Hee Jung Ahn, Hwi Ryun Kwon, Jae Hyuk Lee, Kang Seo Park, Kyung Ah Han
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2014; 38(6): 439. CrossRef
The Changes of the body composition and vascular flexibility According to Pilates mat Exercise during 12 weeks in elderly women
Ji-Eun Jang, Yong-Kwon Yoo, Byung-Hoon Lee
The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences.2013; 8(11): 1777. CrossRef
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Kylie A. O'Brien, Stephen Birch, Estelle Abbas, Paul Movsessian, Michael Hook, Paul A. Komesaroff
The Journal of Alternative and Complementary Medicine.2013; 19(10): 793. CrossRef

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